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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Elements
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makes up everything
cannot be broken down there are 90 naturally occuring on Earth |
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Atoms of the Human Body
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about 96% of the atoms in the human body are either:
carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen |
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Atom
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the smallest particle of an element that retains the characteristics of that element
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The Parts of an Atom
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the only things smaller than an atom are the parts of the atom:
protons neutrons electrons |
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Compound
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a substance that is composed of 2 or more different elements that are chemically combined
ex: H2O |
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Molecule
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a group of atoms being held together by covalent bonds & having no overall charge
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Covalent Bond
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occurs when 2 or more atoms are willing to share electrons
most compounds in nature have covalent bonding ex: H2o, O2, C6H12O6 |
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Ionic Bond
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the attractive force between 2 atoms of opposite charge
ex: Na+Cl- |
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Organic Compounds
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are often large molecules, or macromolecules, that contain carbon
ex: proteins, lipids, carbohydrates |
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Polymer
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a macromolecule composed of many smaller molecules or units, usually chained together
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Carbohydrate
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a molecule composed of carbon, oxygen, & hydrogen with a ratio of 2 hydrogen atoms & one oxygen atom for each carbon atom
ex: glucose C6H12O6 |
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Isomer
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compounds that have the same formula but different 3D configures
ex: glucose & fructose |
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Monosaccharide
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the simplest type of carbon
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Disaccharide
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a sugar molecule created when 2 & only 2 simple sugars (monsaccharides) combine
ex: sucrose |
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Polysaccharide
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a suar molecule created when more than 2 simple sugars (monosaccharides) combine
ex: starch, glycogen, cellulose |
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Atomic Number
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corresponds to the number of protons
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Atomic Mass/Mass Number
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number of protons + electrons
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