The Changing Environment Of Organizations

Front 1

globalization

Back 1

the internationalization ofof business acitivities and the shift toward an intgrated global economy

Front 2

culture

Back 2

the set of shared values, often taken for granted, that help people in a group, organization or society understand which actions are considered acceptable and which are deemed unacceptable

Front 3

individualization

Back 3

exists to the extent that people in a culture define themselves primarily as individuals rather than as a part of one or more groups or organizations

Front 4

collectivism

Back 4

is characterized by tight social frameworks in which people tend to base their identities on the group or organization to which they belong

Front 5

power distance/orientation to authority

Back 5

the extent to which people accept as normal a unequal distruibution of power

Front 6

undertainty avoidance/preference for stability

Back 6

the extent to which people feel threatened by unkown situations and prefer to be in clear and unambiguous situations

Front 7

masculinity/asstertiveness/materialism

Back 7

the extent to which the dominant alues in a society emphasize aggressiveness and the acquisition of money ando ther possessions as oppose to concern for people, relationships among people, and overall quality of life

Front 8

long-term orientation

Back 8

includes focusing on the future, working on projects that have a distant payoff, persistence and thrift

Front 9

short-term orientation

Back 9

more oriented toward the past and the present and incluces respect for traditions and social obligations

Front 10

workforce diversity

Back 10

the important similarities and differences among the employees of organizations

Front 11

stereotypes

Back 11

generalizations about a person or a group of persons based on certain characteristics or traits

Front 12

prejudices

Back 12

judgments about others that reinforce beliefs about superiority and inferiority

Front 13

primary dimensions of diversity

Back 13

factors that are either inborn or exert extraordinary influence on early socialization

Front 14

secondary dimensions of diversity

Back 14

factors that matter to us as indiiduals and that to some extent define us to others; however, they may be less permanent than primary dimensions and can be adapted or changed

Front 15

assimilation

Back 15

the process through which members of a minority group are forced to learn the ways of the majority group

Front 16

valuing diversity

Back 16

putting an end to the assumption that everyone who is not a member of the dominant group must assimilate

Front 17

technology

Back 17

the methods used to create products, including both physical goods and intangible services

Front 18

manufacturing

Back 18

a form of business that combines and transforms resources to tangible outcomes that are then sold to others

Front 19

service organization

Back 19

one that transforms resources into an intangible output and creates time or place utility for its customers

Front 20

ethics

Back 20

a person's beliefs regarding waht is right or wrong in a given situation

Front 21

corporate governance

Back 21

refers to the oversight of a public corporation by its board of directors

Front 22

knowledge workers

Back 22

those employees who add value in an organization simply because of what they know

Front 23

outsourcing

Back 23

the practice of hiring other firms to do work previously performed by the organization