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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Three Meninges
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Dura Mater
Arachonoid Marter Pia Mater |
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Describe the Dura Mater
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tough material double layered membrane: one layer attached to inner surface of skull and the other covers the brain
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Describe Arachoid Mater
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separated by a subdural space filled with fluid; has threadlike projections (spiderweb) bridges this space
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Describe Pia Mater
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soft tissue lies on surface of brain; highly vascular
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What are the 4 structures of the Brain
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1-cerebrum
2 - Diencephalon 3-Hindbrain 4-Cerebellum |
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What is the main function of the cerebrum
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largest area of brain 2 hemispheres
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What is the main function of the Diencephalon
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Information is sorted-out; emotion center
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What is the main function of the hindbrain
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Brainstem
autonomic centers, relay center |
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What is the main function of the cerebellum
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coordination of voluntary muscles
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Fissures
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extremely deep grooves
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Sulci
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shallow grove between 2 gyri
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Gryi
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a ridge between 2 sulci
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What are the 2 main fissures of the Cerebrum?
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Longitudinal Fissure - separates the right and left hemispheres
Transverse Fissure - separates the occipital lobe from the cerebellum |
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What are 3 main Sulci
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Central Sulcus - separates the frontal lobe from he parietal lobes
Lateral Sulcus - separates the temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobe Parieto-Occipital Sulcus - visible only internally, separates the occipital lobe from the parietal lobes. |
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What are the 4 main Gyri
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Pre-Central gyrus - primary motor area - concious control of skeletal muscles
Post-Central Gyrus - Primary Somatosensory area- sensory receptors |
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What is Cerebral Cortex
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Gray matter (cell bodies of cerbral neurons) outermost part of the cerebrum-recieves input from sensory neurons
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What is Cerbral Medulla
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White Matter
the corpus callosum and other commisures; association tracts projection tracts commissures |
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Association Tracts
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connecting two parts of the same hemisphere
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Projection tracts
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run between cerebral cortex and lower brain or spinal cord
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Commissures
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run from one hemisphere to the other
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What is Basal Nuclei
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Gray Matter - regulates voluntary motor activities
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What are 2 characteristics of the Cerebral Hemispheres
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1 - Lateralization of function (division of Labor) each section has unique abilites that are not shared by the other hemisphere
2 - Contralateralization of motor and sensory activity - found in both hemispheres; provides a backup if one side is damages |
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Left side of the brain
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Language Brain- language skills, speech, math & logic
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Right side of the brain
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Abstract conceptual or spatial processes, artistic or creative
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Frontal Lobes/pre-frontal lobes
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Concerned with voluntary motor functions, motivation, forsight, planning, memory, emotion, social judgements and aggression
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What are 2 areas of the Frontal lobes and their funciton
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Pre-Central Gyrus - Primary Motor Area
Broca's region - found only in the left hemisphere- specialized motor speech, damage to this area reduces or eliminates the ability to articulate words |
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What is the Parietal Lobes main funciton
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involved in sensory reception and integration
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2 Main areas of the Parietal Lobe
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Post-central Gyrus - primary Somatosensory Cortex, receives input from sensory receptors of skin, and muscles
Wiernickes Region - found in left hemisphere, ability to sound out unfamiliar words |
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What is the main function of Temporal lobes
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Primary Auditory Cortex
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What is the main function of the Occipital lobes
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Primary Visual Cortex
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What is the main function of Insula
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has a role in understanding the spoken language; taste and sensory input form the visceral receptors
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