The Cell - Organelles

Front 1

Cell Membrane - Structure

Back 1

Semipermeable - composed of protein and a bilayer of phospholipid molecules.

Front 2

Cell Membrane - Function

Back 2

Maintains integrity of cell and controls passage of materials into and out of the cell.

Proteins functions as receptors on membrane surfaces and form channels for the passage of ions and molecules.

Bonus: Small molecules like Oxygen, Watter and Carbon-dioxide diffuse freely through the membrane.

Front 3

Endoplasmic reticulum - Structure

Back 3

Complex of interconnected membrane-bounded sacs and canals.

Front 4

Endoplasmic reticulum - Function

Back 4

Transport materials, such as lipids and proteins, within the cell.

Provides attachment for Ribosomes.

Synthesizes lipids.

Front 5

Cytoplasm - Structure

Back 5

contains membranes, organelles, and the rods and tubules of the cytoskeleton

Front 6

Ribosomes - Structure

Back 6

Composed of of protein and RNA.

Front 7

Ribosomes - Function

Back 7

Synthesize proteins.

Front 8

Golgi apperatus - Structure

Back 8

Group of flattened, membranous sacs.

Front 9

Golgi apparatus - Function

Back 9

Refine, packges, and transports proteins synthesized on ribosomes associated with ER.

Packages glycoproteins for transport and secretion.

Front 10

Mitochondria - Structure

Back 10

Membranous sacs with inner partitions (skillevægge kaldet cristae).

Front 11

Mitochondria - Function

Back 11

Release energy from nutrient molecules and change energy into usable form.

Front 12

Smooth ER - Function

Back 12

Contains important enzymes used in lipid synthesizes.

Absorption of fats from digestive tract.

Metabolism of drugs (liver is filled with smooth ER.

Front 13

Lysosomes - Structure

Back 13

Membranous sacs

Front 14

Lysosomes - Function

Back 14

Contains powerful enzymes that break down nutrient molecules or foreign particles.

Digest worn cellular parts that enter the cell.

Bonus: One way white blood cells fight infections.

Front 15

Peroxisomes - Structure

Back 15

Membranous sacs - in liver and kidney cells.

Front 16

Peroxisomes - Function

Back 16

House enzymes that catalyze biochemical reactions:

Synthesis of bile acids.

Detoxification of hydrogen peroxide.

Break down of lipids.

Detox of alcohol.

Front 17

Microfilaments and microtubules

Back 17

Rods and tubules that form a cytoskeleton.

Help move substances and organelles

Front 18

Microfilaments

Back 18

Tiny rods of actin protein

Provide cell motility

Front 19

Actin

Back 19

A protein which forms (together with myosin) the contractile filaments of of the muscle cells.

Front 20

Microtubules

Back 20

Tiny tubes composed of a spherical protein called tubulin.

Front 21

Centrosomes - Structure

Back 21

Located next to the Golgi apparatus and nucleus.

Consist of two hollow cynlinders called centrioles compesed of microtubules.

Front 22

Centromes - Function

Back 22

Centrioles lies perpendicular to each other and distribute the chromosomes during mitosis.

Front 23

Cilia (fimrehår - Structure

Back 23

Motile structures composed of microtubles.

Front 24

Cilia (fimrehår) - Function

Back 24

Move "to-and-fro" creating a wavelike motion.

Moves fluids such as mucus

Front 25

Flagella - Structure

Back 25

Long structures.

Cell usually only has one.

Front 26

Flagella - Function

Back 26

Enables cell to swim.

Front 27

Vesicles

Back 27

Membranous sacs containing substances that recently entered the cell or is about to leave.

Front 28

Nucleous - Structure

Back 28

Enclosed in two bilayer lipid membranes which forms the nuclear envelope.

Front 29

Nucleous - Function

Back 29

It contains the a nucleolus, which produce ribosomes.

It contains chromatin which is composed of loosely coiled fibers of DNA and protein.

Front 30

Chromatin

Back 30

Fibers composed of DNA and protein.