The Cardiopulmonary System

Front 1

acute hepatic failure

Back 1

the sudden onset of liver failure

Front 2

alveolitis

Back 2

inflammation of alveoli (air sacs in the lung)

Front 3

amphoric

Back 3

a hollow sound resulting from percussion over a lung cavity

Front 4

asystolic

Back 4

absence of a heartbeat

Front 5

atrial fibrillation

Back 5

rapid, irregular contractions of the atria (upper chambers of the heart)

Front 6

atrial flutter

Back 6

rapid contractions of the atria, more regular than fibrillation

Front 7

axial sections

Back 7

referring to the parts of the brain examined by CT scan, which is done in sections throughout the center of the brain

Front 8

axillary

Back 8

pertaining to the armpit

Front 9

basal ganglia calcifications

Back 9

deposits of calcium in basal ganglia

Front 10

bilateral

Back 10

occurring on both sides

Front 11

bleb

Back 11

an abnormal air-filled sac in emphysematous lung tissue

Front 12

bronchoscopy

Back 12

examination of the bronchi through a bronchoscope

Front 13

brushings

Back 13

to obtain cell samples using a brush

Front 14

carina

Back 14

a ridgelike structure where the trachea divides into the left and right main stem bronchi

Front 15

cavitary lesions

Back 15

abnormal tissue areas containing cavities

Front 16

cerebral edema

Back 16

excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain substance that causes swelling

Front 17

Code Blue

Back 17

medical jargon meaning a patient's heartbeat and/or respirations have ceased, calling for immediate resuscitation procedures (CPR)

Front 18

congestion

Back 18

swelling of blood vessels due to engorgement with blood

Front 19

cords

Back 19

referring to the vocal cords

Front 20

cortical atrophy

Back 20

death of cells in the cerebral cortex

Front 21

Coumadin

Back 21

trade name for warfarin sodium, an anticoagulant drug

Front 22

CT

Back 22

abbreviation for computed tomography

Front 23

CT scan

Back 23

a procedure in which x-ray images are analyzed and combined by a computer to yield views representing thin slices of the part examined

Front 24

dialysis catheter

Back 24

tubular instrument inserted into a major vein in order to filter the blood of impurities

Front 25

dilatation

Back 25

the condition of being stretched (dilated) beyond normal dimensions

Front 26

echocardiogram

Back 26

an image produced by recording an echo obtained from beams of ultrasonic waves directed through the chest wall and bouncing back from the heart

Front 27

effusion

Back 27

the escape of fluid into a body part or tissue

Front 28

ejection fraction

Back 28

the proportion of the volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole that is ejected during systole

Front 29

EKG leads

Back 29

conductors connected to an electrocardiograph (EKG) machine

Front 30

embolectomy

Back 30

surgical removal of a blood clot (embolus) from a blood vessel

Front 31

endobronchial

Back 31

within the bronchi

Front 32

epiglottis

Back 32

the lidlike cartilaginous structure that folds back over the opening of the windpipe during swallowing, which prevents food from entering the lungs

Front 33

fungemia

Back 33

the presence of a fungal growth in the blood stream

Front 34

gastrotomy tube

Back 34

tube inserted through a surgical opening into the stomach, through which nutrition and medication are supplied to the patient

Front 35

glottis

Back 35

the opening between the vocal cords and the larynx

Front 36

Hemoccult

Back 36

trade name for a test to discover occult (hidden) blood in the stool

Front 37

hemodialysis

Back 37

the removal of waste substances from the blood by means of hemodialyzer

Front 38

hemoptysis

Back 38

the spitting up of blood or blood-strained sputum

Front 39

hepatosplenomegaly

Back 39

enlargement of the liver and spleen

Front 40

high-flow oxygen

Back 40

oxygen administered to a patient via the highest setting on the oxygen machine

Front 41

hilar

Back 41

pertaining to the depression, notch, or opening where the vessels and nerves enter an organ

Front 42

HPI

Back 42

abbreviation for history of present illness

Front 43

hydrocephalus

Back 43

an increase in the volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the cerebrum

Front 44

hypokinesia

Back 44

abnormally decreased motor function or activity

Front 45

hypoxemic

Back 45

pertaining to deficient oxygenation of the blood

Front 46

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Back 46

hardening of the pulmonary (lung) structures of either unknown or spontaneous origin

Front 47

infiltrate

Back 47

(v) to penetrate small openings of a tissue or substance; (n) when present on chest x-ray it indicates pneumonia

Front 48

INR

Back 48

international normalized ratio

Front 49

intraoperatively

Back 49

during an operative procedure (surgery)

Front 50

intravenous

Back 50

within or through a vein

Front 51

intravenous contrast

Back 51

material inserted into a vein that allows differences in tissues to be dilineated

Front 52

intubated

Back 52

the condition of having a tube inserted into a body canal or hollow organ

Front 53

intubation

Back 53

the insertion of a tube into a body canal or hollow organ

Front 54

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Back 54

one etiologic agent of acute bacterial pneumonia (microbiology genus and species name)

Front 55

lesion

Back 55

a traumatic break in tissue or a pathologic loss of function of a part of the body

Front 56

low-flow oxygen

Back 56

oxygen administered to a patient via the lowest setting on the oxygen machine

Front 57

lymphadenopathy

Back 57

disease of the lymph nodes

Front 58

malaise

Back 58

a vague feeling of bodily discomfort

Front 59

mechanical ventilation

Back 59

ventilation (breathing) supported or provided by a machine

Front 60

mediastinal

Back 60

pertaining to the membranous partition separating the lungs or the two pleural sacs

Front 61

MVA

Back 61

abbreviation for motor vehicle accident

Front 62

myocardial infarction

Back 62

gross necrosis of the myocardium due to lack of blood supply to the area (heart attack)

Front 63

nephrologist

Back 63

a specialist in the study of the kidney

Front 64

open-lung biopsy

Back 64

taking a small sample of apparently diseased tissue in surgery while the lungs are exposed (as opposed to a brush biopsy or a procedure with the lungs not exposed)

Front 65

palpitation(s)

Back 65

rapid or irregular heartbeat(s)

Front 66

parenchymal

Back 66

pertaining to the essential elements of an organ, i.e., the functional elements of an organ

Front 67

pleural

Back 67

pertaining to the serous membrane that covers the lungs and lining of the thoracic cavity

Front 68

prothrombin time

Back 68

a test for coagulation factors of the blood

Front 69

pseudocords

Back 69

false cords (long, rounded structures)

Front 70

pulmonary

Back 70

pertaining to the lungs

Front 71

pulmonary vascular congestion

Back 71

engorgement of pulmonary vessels occurring in cardiac disease, infections, and certain bodily injuries

Front 72

rhonchus (pl. rhonchi)

Back 72

a continuous dry rattling sound in the throat or bronchial tube due to some type of obstruction

Front 73

S1, S2, S3, S4

Back 73

first, second, third, and fourth heart sounds; may be heard while listening to the heart via stethoscope; S1 and S2 are normal sounds, S3 and S4 are not normally heard

Front 74

septicemia

Back 74

toxins in the blood, also called blood poisoning

Front 75

sputum

Back 75

material coughed up from the lower respiratory tract

Front 76

subarachnoid hemorrhages

Back 76

hemorrhage (bursting forth of blood) at or between the arachnoid and pia mater of the brain

Front 77

supraventricular cardiac arrhythmias

Back 77

irregularity in the rhythm of the heart starting from a focus above the ventricles

Front 78

Swan-Ganz catheter

Back 78

a catheter with a balloon at the tip for measuring pulmonary arterial pressures, trade name

Front 79

thorax

Back 79

chest

Front 80

thrombosis

Back 80

formation or presence of a thrombus or blood clot

Front 81

trachea

Back 81

windpipe

Front 82

tracheostomy

Back 82

surgical opening into the trachea

Front 83

tuberculosis

Back 83

an infectious disease of the lung

Front 84

ventricles

Back 84

lower chambers of the heart

Front 85

Versed

Back 85

trade name for a nonbarbiturate drug given intravenously to produce sedation and amnesia

Front 86

WNL

Back 86

abbreviation for within normal limits

Front 87

Xylocaine

Back 87

trade name for lidocaine, a topical anesthetic drug