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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lithosphere |
Thin layer of soil and rocks that covers the surface of the Earth |
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Hydrosphere |
All of the water found on Earth |
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Atmosphere |
Thin layer of gases that surrounds the Earth |
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Biosphere |
All of the areas on Earth where life exists |
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Decomposers |
Organisms such as bacteria and fungi, that break down dead plant and animal matter |
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Ecosystem |
All of the living things that live in a specific area and the non-living things that make up their environment; can be large or small |
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Micro-organisms |
Tiny organisms that live in the biosphere |
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Species |
A group of organisms that look alike and can reproduce together |
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Nutrition |
Process of getting food |
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Respiration |
Process that produces energy from food |
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Excretion |
Removal of waste substances from the body |
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Photosynthesis |
The process in which plants use the Sun to make their own food |
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Adaptation |
Characteristic that helps a living thing survive in its environment |
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The Systems of the Earth |
* Lithosphere - the thin layer of social and rocks covering the Earth * Hydrosphere - All of the water found on Earth in rivers, lakes and oceans and in the air in the form of water vapour * Atmosphere - Thin layer of gases that surrounds Earth. It consists mainly of nitrogen, oxygen and a small amount of carbon dioxide * Biosphere - All of the areas on Earth where life exists |
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Biosphere |
Contains: * The parts of the lithosphere, the hydrosphere and the atmosphere that support life * All living organisms on Earth * Dead organic matter A system where all the Earth's living and non-living things interact with each other |
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Decomposers |
E.g. fungi and bacteria Feed on organic matter and help break it down |
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Ecosystems |
All the living things in a particular space, interacting with each other and with their non-living environment |
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Micro-orgarnisms |
Tiny organisms like bacteria that help cycle nutrients through the environment so that they can be reused |
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The Seven Life Processes |
Movement - Animals move from place to place to find food and shelter or to avoid danger. Plants do not move although. They can grow towards the light and the petals of a flower can open and close in response to light Respiration - Living things break down food to produce energy Sensitivity - Living things detect changes or stimuli in the environment and react to them. E.g. you may sneeze to remove dust and germs that enter your nose
Nutrition - Plants make their own food and animals eat plants or other animals Excretion - Waste substances are removed from the body Reproduction - Living things produce new individuals with the same characteristics as the parents Growth - All living things increase in size as they grow into adults |
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Energy |
Allows living organisms tonmove and grow Ultimate source - Sun Plants store energy from photosynthesis as starch Animals get energy from eating plants |
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Gases |
Carbon dioxide and oxygen are found in the atmosphere Most organisms need oxygen for respiration During respiration, oxygen is taken in by plants and animals and is used to break down food to release energy Plants need oxygen and carbon dioxide to make food during photosynthesis |
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Water |
In blood carries food and chemicals around your body Gets rid of waste Helps keep you cool Plants need water to grow, transport food and carry out chemicals reactions Plants need for photosynthesis |
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Soil |
Plants get nutrients from soil Earthworms,ants, beetles, bacteria and fungi live in soil Animals living in the soil help improve the quality of the soil |
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Favourable Temperatures |
Earth's stable temperatures sustain life Every species on Earth grows best in a particular range of temperatures |
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Adaptations to the Environment |
Animals and plants that are well adapted are more likely to get enough food and reproduce Their adaptations are passed on to their young |
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Fish |
Have find that help them move quickly Hills to get oxygen in the water |
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Seaweed |
Holdfast that keeps them attached to rocks Long and flexible stems are not broken by waves Leaves (fronds) help up to the light allowing them to photosynthesise |
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Gemsbok |
Can survive weeks without drinking water Get enough water from the plants they eat Feed early in the morning when water content is higher than during the rest of the day Blood cooled by being passed through a network of blood vessels in their noses Long horns to protect themselves from predators |
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Camelthorn Tree |
Long roots that reach deep underground Small leaves to reduce water loss Long thorns protect the leaves from being eaten by herbivores Seeds have a thick coat so that they aren't digested in the stomach, instead seed coats are softened and passed with animal droppings and are spread away from parent plant |
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Social Weavers |
Seldom drink water Each flock builds large communal nests that keeps them Coolin the day and warm at night Nest protects birds from high daytime temperatures |
