Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Occipital artery |
In the superficial fascia at the base of the skull |
|
Greater occipital nerve |
In the superficial fascia at the base of the skull. Pierces the trapezius muscle inferolateral to the external occipital protuberance. Although the nerve arises medially to the artery, it often crosses over the artery along it's path to the skin. |
|
Accessory Nerve (Cranial Nerve XI) |
Provides motor innervation to the trapezius. |
|
Trapezius Muscle |
Medial Att: Superior Nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, Spinous process of C7- T12 Lateral Att: 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion, & spine of scapula Actions: Rotates & elevates superior part of scapula, Retracts middle part of scapula, depresses inferior part of scapula Innervations: Motor spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) Blood Supply: Transverse cervical artery |
|
Latissimus dorsi muscle |
Medial Att: Spinous process T7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrum, iliac crest, ribs 10-12 Lateral Att: floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus Actions: extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus Innervations: Thoracodorsal nerve (middle subscapular nerve) Blood supply: Thoracodorsal artery |
|
Rhomboid Major muscle |
Medial Att: Spinous process T2-T5 Lateral Att: medial border of scapula below spine Actions: Retracts & rotates the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity inferiorly Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve Blood supply: dorsal scapular artery |
|
Rhomboid minor muscle |
Medial Att: ligamentum nuchae, Spinous process C7-T1 Lateral Att: medial border of scapula at spine Action: Retracts & rotates the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity inferiorly Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve Blood supply: ?? |
|
Levator scapulae |
Medial Att: transverse process C1-C4 Lateral Att: superior angle of scapula Actions: elevates & rotates the scapula to tilt the glenoid cavity inferiorly Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve Blood supply: ?? |
|
Triangle of auscultation |
Latissimus dorsi, trapezius, & rhomboid Major muscles |
|
Lumbar triangle |
Latissimus dorsi muscle, external oblique muscle, & iliac crest |
|
Serratus posterior superior |
Medial Att: Spinous process C7-T3 Lateral Att: superior borders of ribs 2-5, lateral to their angles Action: Elevates ribs 2-5 Innervation: Anterior (ventral) Rami of T2-T5 |
|
Serratus posterior inferior |
Medial Att: Spinous process of T11-L2 Lateral Att: inferior borders of ribs 9-12, lateral to their angles Action: depresses ribs 9-12 Innervation: Anterior (ventral) Rami of T9-T12 |
|
Splenius capitis |
Inferior Att: ligamentum nuchae, Spinous process C7-T4 Superior Att: mastoid process, lateral 1/3 of superior nuchal line Actions: Unilateral- laterally flexes & rotates head or neck to same side Bilateral- extends head & neck Innervation: Posterior rami of middle cervical nerves |
|
Splenius cervicis |
Inferior Att: Spinous process of T3-T6 Superior Att: transverse process of C1-C3. Actions: unilateral- laterally rotates & flexes head or neck to same side. Bilateral- extends head and neck. Innervation: posterior Rami of middle cervical nerves |
|
Erector Spinae: spinalis muscle |
Inferior Att: median sacral crest, posterior surface sacrum, Spinous process of lumbar & lower thoracic, & medial part of iliac crest. Superior Att: Spinous process of thoracic & cervical vertebrae. Actions: Unilateral- laterally flexes vertebral column to same side. Bilateral- extends vertebral column and stabilizes vertebral column. Innervation: posterior Rami of lower cervical nerves
|
|
Erector Spinae: longissimus muscle |
Inferior Att: median sacral crest, posterior surface sacrum, SP lumbar vertebrae & lower thoracic vertebrae, medial part of iliac crest. Superior Att: between tubercles and angles of ribs and transverse process of thoracic & cervical vertebrae. Actions: Unilateral- laterally flexes vertebral column to same side. Bilateral- extends vertebral column and head, stabilizes vertebral column. Innervation: posterior Rami of lower cervical nerves |
|
Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis muscle |
Inferior Att: median sacral crest, posterior surface sacrum, SP of lumbar vertebrae & lower thoracic vertebrae, medial part of iliac crest. Superior Att: angles of lower ribs and transverse process of Cervical vertebrae. Actions: Unilateral- laterally flexes vertebral column to same side. Bilateral- extends vertebral column and head, stabilizes vertebral column. Innervation: posterior Rami of lower cervical nerves |
|
Semispinalis capitis |
Inferior Att: Transverse process of C7-T6/T7, articular process of C4-C6. Superior Att: between superior & inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone medially. Actions: Unilateral- extends & laterally rotates the head to opposite side. Bilateral- extends head. Innervation: posterior Rami of spinal nerves
|
|
Semispinalis cervicis |
Inferior Att: transverse process of T1-T5/T6. Superior Att: Spinous process of C2-C5. Actions: Unilateral- extends & laterally rotates neck to opposite side. Bilateral- extends neck. Innervation: posterior Rami of spinal nerves |
|
Multifidus |
Inferior Att: sacrum, ilium, transverse process of T1-L5, & articular process of C4-C7. Superior Att: Spinous process L5- C2. Actions: extends & rotates vertebral column to opposite side. Innervation: posterior Rami of spinal nerves |
|
Rectus capitis posterior major |
Medial Att: Spinous process of C2(axis). Lateral Att: lateral inferior nuchal line of occipital bone. Actions: extends head & rotates face to same side. Innervation: posterior ramus C1 |
|
Rectus capitis posterior minor |
Lateral Att: posterior tubercle of C1(atlas). Medial Att: medial inferior nuchal line of occipital bone. Actions: extends head. Innervation: Posterior ramus C1 |
|
Obliquus capitis superior |
Medial Att: transverse process of C1(atlas) (inferior attachment) Lateral Att: between lateral aspect of superior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone (superior attachment). Actions: extends head. Innervation: posterior ramus C1 |
|
Obliquus capitis inferior |
Medial Att: Spinous process C2(axis). Lateral Att: transverse process C1(atlas). Actions: rotates face to same side. Innervation: posterior ramus C1 |
|
Dura Mater |
External meningeal layer. |
|
Arachnoid mater |
Thin delicate membrane against the deep surface of the dura Mater. Separated from pia mater by the subarachnoid space. |
|
Subarachnoid space |
Contains cerebrospinal fluid |
|
Pia mater |
Vascular membrane that firmly adheres to the surface of the spinal cord. |
|
Denticulate ligaments |
On each side of the spinal cord. Sheet of pia mater that extends laterally from the cord toward the arachnoid & dura mater. Each ligament has 21 teeth, each attached to the inner surface of the dura mater, which anchors the spinal cord laterally. |
|
Conus medullaris |
Inferior to the lumbar enlargement, marks the end of the spinal cord between L1 & L2 |
|
|
Cauda equina |
Collection of anterior & posterior nerve roots surrounding the conus medullaris and extends inferiorly. |
