The Autonomic Nervous System

Front 1

the motor division of the peripheral nervous system

Back 1

autonomic nervous system

Front 2

this controls cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, and glands

Back 2

autonomic nervous system

Front 3

what are the 2 divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Back 3

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Front 4

what does the somatic nervous system innervate?

Back 4

skeletal muscle

Front 5

what does the autonomic nervous system innervate?

Back 5

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands

Front 6

this division of the peripheral nervous system is a one-neruron system

Back 6

somatic nervous system

Front 7

this division of the peripheral nervous system is a two-neuron system

Back 7

autonomic nervous system

Front 8

efferent neuron sends its axon out through a cranial or spinal nerve and that axon goes all the way out to impact skeletal muscle

Back 8

one neuron system

Front 9

this neuron in a two neuron system has its cell body in the CNS and sends its axon out into the PNS

Back 9

preganglionic neuron

Front 10

this neuron in a two neuron system sends its axon out to the effect organ

Back 10

postganglionic neuron

Front 11

collection of neuronal cell bodies in the periphery

Back 11

ganglia

Front 12

where do the neurons of a two neuron system synapse?

Back 12

ganglion

Front 13

what neurotransmitter is released by the somatic nervous system? is it excitatory or inhibitory?

Back 13

acetylcholine; always excitatory

Front 14

the preganglionic fibers in the autonomic nervous system release what neurotransmitter onto the postganglionic neuron?

Back 14

acetylcholine

Front 15

what neurotransmitter do the postganglionic sympathetic fiber release? excitatory or inhibitory?

Back 15

norepinephrine; can be either

Front 16

what neurotransmitter do the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers release? excitatory or inhibitory?

Back 16

acetylcholine; can be either

Front 17

why do the sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers release different neurotransmitters?

Back 17

so the effector cell knows what division is giving out the signal

Front 18

where do some sympathetic presynaptic neurons head to?

Back 18

adrenal medulla

Front 19

the center portion of your adrenal glands

Back 19

adrenal medulla

Front 20

the cells in this organ develop from the same embryonic tissue that gives you sympathetic ganglia but they just never developed an axon

Back 20

adrenal medulla

Front 21

what hormones does the adrenal medulla release?

Back 21

epinephrine and noepinephrine

Front 22

the release of hormones when you are scared helps to increase what?

Back 22

the body's sympathetic response

Front 23

does it take longer to get rid of hormones or neurotransmitters from the blood stream?

Back 23

hormones

Front 24

what are the sites of origin of the parasympathetic fibers?

Back 24

brain and sacral spinal cord (S2-S4)

Front 25

what division of the peripheral nervous system is the craniosacral division?

Back 25

paraympathetic

Front 26

what division of the peripheral nervous system is the throacolumbar region?

Back 26

sympathetic

Front 27

what are the sites of origin of the sympathetic fibers?

Back 27

T1-L2

Front 28

this division has long preganglionic fibers and short postganglionic fibers

Back 28

parasympathetic

Front 29

this division has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers

Back 29

sympathetic

Front 30

collection of neuronal cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system

Back 30

ganglia

Front 31

this division's ganglia are in/near visceral organs

Back 31

parasympathetic

Front 32

this division's ganglia are close to the spinal cord or vertebral column

Back 32

sympathetic

Front 33

the rest and digest system

Back 33

parasympathetic

Front 34

its roles include helping with active digestion, elimination of urine and feces, constriction of pupils, lowering our heart rate to normal resting levels, reducing blood pressure and respiratory rates to normal levels

Back 34

parasympathetic

Front 35

where are the cell bodies of the parasympathetic presynaptic neurons located?

Back 35

in the brain stem (associated with CN III, VII, IX, and X) and the lateral gray better of the second through fourth segments of the sacral spinal cord

Front 36

is there enough grey matter within the lateral grey matter to make another horn?

Back 36

no

Front 37

presynaptic neurons send their axons out and synapse with postsynaptic neurons in _____________ _______________

Back 37

terminal ganglia

Front 38

if terminal ganglia of the parasympathetic division don't have a specific name they are called this

Back 38

intramural ganglia

Front 39

these ganglia synapse near or actually in the wall of the organ they are innervating

Back 39

intramural ganglia

Front 40

collection of neuronal cell bodies in the central nervous system

Back 40

nucleus

Front 41

where do cranial parasympathetic axons travel?

Back 41

in the brainstem associated with CN III, VII, IX, and X

Front 42

CNIII

Back 42

oculomotor nerve

Front 43

these innervate smooth muscle in the eyes and causes the pupils to constrict allowing less light in protecting the retina and causes the lens to bulge so you can focus on objects right in front of you

Back 43

CNIII

Front 44

CNVII

Back 44

facial nerves

Front 45

these innervate the nasal, lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual glands; all of these glands become excited and produce fluids

Back 45

facial nerves

Front 46

CNIX

Back 46

glossopharyngeal nerves

Front 47

these innervate the parotid glands (largest salivary glands) to stimulate it

Back 47

glossopharyngeal nerves

Front 48

CNX

Back 48

vagus nerve

Front 49

this nerve provides parasympathetic fibers to almost every organ in the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Back 49

vagus nerve

Front 50

ventral roots only contain what type of neurons

Back 50

motor (efferent)

Front 51

axons in segments S2-S4 of the preganglionic pre sympathetic neurons exit the spinal cord via what?

Back 51

ventral roots

Front 52

when the preganglionic parasympathetic neurons exit the ventral rami they form these?

Back 52

pelvic splanchnic nerves

Front 53

splanchnic refers to what?

Back 53

wondering

Front 54

these innervate the distal 1/2 of the large intestine, urinary bladders, and reproductive organs

Back 54

from S2-S4

Front 55

where are the cell bodies of sympathetic presynaptic neurons located?

Back 55

in the lateral horns of the gray matter of T1-L2

Front 56

all neurons found in the lateral horns are what?

Back 56

multipolar

Front 57

one axon coming off of the cell body and 2 or more dendrites

Back 57

multipolar

Front 58

in lateral horns what type of neurons are there?

Back 58

motor

Front 59

thoracolumbar outflow from the cord segments supplies what?

Back 59

visceral organs and all visceral structures in the superficial/somatic part of the body

Front 60

when sympathetic preganglionic fibers leave the spinal cord through a ventral root they pass into what?

Back 60

a spinal nerve

Front 61

what do sympathetic presynaptic neurons travel via to get into a paravertebral galgnion on the sympathetic trunk

Back 61

white ramus communicans

Front 62

what are the 2 types of rami communicantes

Back 62

white and grey

Front 63

these rami communicants are myelinated, contain preganglionic fibers, are only fond at the T1-L2 cord segments and are how our preganglionic sympathetic axons get on the sympathetic chain

Back 63

white

Front 64

these rami communicants are unmyelinated, contain postganglionic fibers, are found all along the spinal cord, and are how we get off of the sympathetic chain

Back 64

grey

Front 65

do typical visceral organs receive dual innervation?

Back 65

yes

Front 66

the cardiac muscles o the heart and smooth muscle of the digestive and urinary tract organs receive dominant innervation from what division?

Back 66

parasympathetic

Front 67

blood vessels are typically only innervated by this division

Back 67

sympathetic

Front 68

this division mediates body temperature

Back 68

sympathetic

Front 69

the adrenal medulla, sweat gland of skin, arrector pili muscles of the skin and the kidneys only recei

Back 69

sympathetic