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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is mesentery |
Layer of peritoneum that adhere visceral organs to the abd wall |
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What is the Greater Peritoneal Sac |
Entered thru incision on Ant Abd Wall |
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What is the Lesser Peritoneal Sac |
Lies posterior to the stomach, omentum, and liver |
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What is in the Supramesocolic Compartment |
Greater Omentum, Transverse Colon, Mesocolon |
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What divides the Supramesocolic Compartment? |
Falciform ligament R&L Subphrenic Recessess |
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What is in the Inframesocolic Compartment |
Mesentary of small intestine divide it into R and L R&L Paracolic Gutter |
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What are Peritoneal Ligaments |
Double layer of peritoneum that connects an organ with another organ or to abdominal wall Falciform Greater/Lesser Omentum Ligamentum Venosum |
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What is Omentum |
Double layered sheet or fold of peritoneum |
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What is the Lesser Omentum |
Connects the lesser curvature of stomach and proximal part of duodenum to the liver. |
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Where is the Lesser Omentum? |
Lies posterior to the left lobe of liver and is attached to liver in the fissue for the ligamentum venosum and to porta hepatis Hepatogastric ligament Hepatoduodenal ligament -contains portal vein, hep artery, common bile duct, nerves lymphatics |
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What is the Greater Omentum |
Fat laden peritoneal fold hangs down from greater curvature of stomach and connects it with the diaphragm, spleen, and transverse colon. |
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How is the Greater Omentum created? |
Fuses during fetal period, obliterating the inferior recess of omental bursa -Gastrocolic ligament -Gastrosplenic ligament -Gastrophrenic ligament |
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What is intraperitoneal |
Invaginating the peritoneal sac from behind and suspended/covered from the body wall by a double layer of peritoneum |
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What is retroperitoneal |
Posterior to peritoneal, located between it and the posterior abdominal wall. Typically only covered with parietal peritoneum on anterior surface |
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What are the intraperitoneal organs? |
Abdominal esophagus Stomach and proximal duodenum Jejunum and ileum Cecum and appendix Transverse Colon Sigmoid colon Liver and gallbladder Tail of pancreas Spleen |
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What are retroperitoneal organs? |
Doudenum Ascending colon Pancreas Kidney and suprarenal glands Abdominal aorta Inferior Vena Cava |
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What arteries supply the gut? |
Foregut - celiac artery Midgut - superior mesenteric artery Hindgut - inferior mesenteric artery |
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What are the branches of the celiac trunk? |
Left gastric artery -Stomach -Lower Esophagus Splenic artery -Pancreas -Spleen -(Stomach) Common Hepatic artery |
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Common hepatic branches |
Gastodoudenal artery -Stomach -Head of Pancreas -Duodenum Proper Hepatic Artery -Liver -Gallbladder -(Stomach) |
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Branches of the Superior Mesenteric Artery? |
Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal artery -Head of pancreas -Duodenum Intestinal branches -Jejunum -Ileum Middle Colic artery -Transverse colon Right Colic artery -Ascending colon Ileocolic artery -Terminal Ileum, cecum, and ascending colon -Appendicular artery -Appendix |
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What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery |
Left colic artery -Descending colon Sigmoid arteries -Sigmoid colon Superior Rectal Artery -Rectum and anal canal |
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What is the marginal artery? |
Anastomosis of Inf and Sup mesenteric arteries Runs parallel to the colon. |
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Describe venous drainage from the GI tract |
Abdominal GI tract and spleen drain into hepatic portal vein for transport to the liver. Can cause cancer from the Gi to metastasize to the liver |
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Describe the Hepatic portal vein |
Formed posterior to the neck of the pancreas by the splenic vein (Inf mesenteric vein) and superior mesenteric vein |
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What causes portal hypertension |
When tributaries of hepatic portal vein and tributaries of systemic venous sysem anastomose and become abnormally dilated if there is resistance to portal blood flow. |
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What anastomeses can cause portal hyper tension? |
Lower esophagus as esophageal varices Anal Canal as hemorrhoids Paraumbilical region as varicose veins |
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Describe sympathetic nervous innervation of abdominal organs |
Preganglionic nerve fibers that reach prevertebral ganglia though splanchnic nerves Postganglionic nerve fibers from cell bodies in prevertebral ganglia that follow arteries to organs |
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What are the Splanchnic Nerves |
Thoracic -Greater Splanchnic nerve (T5-9) -Lesser Splanchnic nerve (T10-11) -Least Splanchnic nerve (T12) |
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What are the prevertebral ganglia |
Celiac ganglia Superior mesenteric ganglion Inferior mesenteric ganglion Aorticorenal ganglia |
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What effects do the sympathetic autonomic input have on the blood vessels |
Vasoconstriction in the vessels of the viscera, reduced glandular secretion, and reduced peristalsis. |
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What is the parasympathetic innervation of the abdominal organs |
Vagus Nerve (CN10) - which innervates foregut and midgut derivatives Pelvic splanchnic nerves which innervates hindgut |
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How does the vagus nerve travel? |
Enters the abdomen through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm as ant and pos vagal trunks formed from the esophageal plexus. |
