Textiles Ch. 3 Quiz

Front 1

Abrasion Resistance

Back 1

how a fiber resists damage from rubbing or surface contact

Front 2

Absorbancy (moisture regain)

Back 2

% of moisture a fiber will absorb from the air

Front 3

Aging Resistance

Back 3

the resistance to deleterious changes over time

Front 4

Allergenic potential

Back 4

ability to cause physical reactions

Front 5

Amorphous

Back 5

a random or disorganized arrangement of molecular chains in a fiber

Front 6

Chemical Reactivity

Back 6

Describes the affect of chemicals

Front 7

Cohesiveness

Back 7

the abilityof fibers to cling together during spinning

Front 8

Compressibility

Back 8

resistance to crushing

Front 9

Cover

Back 9

the ability to conceal or protect

Front 10

Creep

Back 10

delayed or gradual recovery from elongation or strain

Front 11

Compression Resiliancy

Back 11

ability of fabric to return to its original thickness after compression

Front 12

Crystalline

Back 12

molecular chains that are parallel to each other in a fiber

Front 13

Degree of polymerization

Back 13

# of small molecules connected to form a polymer

Front 14

Denier

Back 14

yarn or fiber size in weight in grams for 9000 meters of fiber or yarn

Front 15

Denier per filament (dpf)

Back 15

describes fiber size. Calculated by dividing yarn size in denier by the # of filaments

Front 16

Density

Back 16

weight in grams per cubic centimeter

Front 17

Specific gravity

Back 17

ratio of fiber mass to an equal volume of water at 4 degrees C

Front 18

Dimensional Stability

Back 18

ability to retain size and shape through use and care

Front 19

Drape

Back 19

how a fabric falls over a 3-D form

Front 20

Dyeability

Back 20

how a fiber is receptive to coloration by dyes

Front 21

Drawing

Back 21

fiber- finishing step where manufactured fiber is elongated after spinning

Front 22

Fabric crimp

Back 22

bends caused by distortion of yarns in a fabric

Front 23

Fiber crimp

Back 23

refers to waves, bends, twists,etc. along the length of a fiber

Front 24

Filament Fiber

Back 24

fibers that are extremely long

Front 25

Filament tow

Back 25

large bundles of fibers in filament length that are crimped before being cut

Front 26

Elasticity

Back 26

how a material returns to its original shape after being stressed

Front 27

Elastic Recovery

Back 27

degree to which fibers will recover from strain

Front 28

Electrical Conductivity

Back 28

ablity to transfer electric charges

Front 29

Elongation

Back 29

ability to be streched or lenghtened

Front 30

Feltability

Back 30

the ability of fibers to mat together

Front 31

Flexibility

Back 31

ability to bend repeatedly wihtout breaking

Front 32

Hand

Back 32

how a fiber feels

Front 33

Heat conductivity

Back 33

ability to transfer heat through a fabric

Front 34

Heat retention

Back 34

ability to retain heat or insulate

Front 35

Heat sensitivity

Back 35

ability to shrink, soften, or melt when exposed to heat

Front 36

Hydrophobic

Back 36

fibers not attracted to water

Front 37

Hydrophillic/ Hydroscopic

Back 37

fibers attracted to water

Front 38

Loft (compression resiliancy)

Back 38

abiliy to spring back to original thickness after being compressed

Front 39

Luster

Back 39

light refelected from a surface of fabric

Front 40

Mildew Resistance

Back 40

resistance to the growth of mold, mildew, or fungus

Front 41

Modulus

Back 41

resistance to stress/strain put on fiber

Front 42

Moth resistance

Back 42

resistance to insect damage

Front 43

Oleophilic

Back 43

fibers attracted to oil

Front 44

Pilling

Back 44

formation of balls of fiber on the fabric surface

Front 45

Resiliency

Back 45

ability to return to original shape after deformations

Front 46

Stiffness (rigidity)

Back 46

resistance to bending or creasing

Front 47

Strength

Back 47

ability to resist stress

Front 48

tensile strength

Back 48

resistance (pounds per square inch)

Front 49

Tenacity

Back 49

resistance (grams per denier)

Front 50

Sunlight Resistance

Back 50

ability to withstand sunlight damage

Front 51

Texture

Back 51

nature of the fiber or fabric surface

Front 52

Translucence

Back 52

ability to let light pass through the structure

Front 53

Wicking

Back 53

ability of fiber to transfer moisture along its surface

Front 54

Generic Group

Back 54

fibers with similar chemical composition

Front 55

Hydrogen bonds

Back 55

attractions between positive hydrogen atoms and negative oxygen or nitrogen molecules

Front 56

Manufactured fiber

Back 56

made from chemical compounds in a manufacturing facility

Front 57

Orientation

Back 57

the alignment of fiber's polymers with its longitudinal axis

Front 58

Natural Fiber

Back 58

grown or developed in nature

Front 59

Polymer

Back 59

large molecule made by connecting small molucules together

Front 60

Polymerization

Back 60

the process of connecting many small molecules to create a polymer

Front 61

Shrinkage resistance

Back 61

ability to regain its original imensions during cleaning

Front 62

Staple Fiber

Back 62

any fiber cut to a short length

Front 63

Stiffness

Back 63

the resistance to the bending or creasing of a fabric

Front 64

Stretching

Back 64

pulling a fiber so that molecular chains form crystals to enhance the fiber

Front 65

Tex

Back 65

yarn- numbering system

Front 66

Van der Waals Forces

Back 66

weak attractive forces between adjacent molecules and increase in strength