Textbook Of Basic Nursing Chap 19

Front 1

The three types of neurons are

Back 1

sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons

Front 2

A small, cord-like structure that contains individual nerve fibers that carry impulses within the body.

Back 2

nerves

Front 3

carry info to the brain

Back 3

sensory or afferent nerves

Front 4

carry impulses from the brain to muscles

Back 4

motor or efferent

Front 5

cells that make up nervous tissue

Back 5

neuron

Front 6

are much more numerous than neurons.

Back 6

Neuroglia (glial cells)

Front 7

supporting structure of the neuron

Back 7

neurologlia

Front 8

form blood-brain barriers, CSF and the MS

Back 8

neurologlia

Front 9

obtain nutrients for neurons (glucose) and support and protect the CNS and PNS

Back 9

neurologlia

Front 10

A neuron is composed of three basic parts:

Back 10

one cell body and two processes (consisting of an axon and numerous dendrites).

Front 11

is an extension that carries impulses away from the neuron cell body.

Back 11

An axon

Front 12

may be as short or it may be long. It may be myelinated or it may be bare

Back 12

An axon

Front 13

contains the nucleus

Back 13

cell body

Front 14

are short, often highly branched extensions of the cell body.

Back 14

Dendrites

Front 15

receive impulses from the axons of other neurons and transmit these impulses toward the cell body

Back 15

Dendrites

Front 16

respond to chemical messages sent across the synapse

Back 16

Dendrites

Front 17

is the tiny space that separates neurons from each other

Back 17

synapse,

Front 18

only ______________ have neurotransmitters

Back 18

axons

Front 19

center of conscious thought and higher mental functioning

Back 19

cerebrum

Front 20

fills out the upper portion of the skull. is divided into 2 halves

Back 20

cerebrum

Front 21

spatial perception, pictures, art, musical ability

Back 21

right

Front 22

analytic and verbal skills and walking

Back 22

left

Front 23

left and right side of brain are connected by the

Back 23

corpus callosum

Front 24

a band of approx. 200 million neuron deep in the brain that connect the 2 sides so htey can share infomation.

Back 24

corpus callosum

Front 25

gray matter(nerve cell bodies) has grooves called convolutions with the crevices between the convolutions are called fissures or sulci

Back 25

cerebral cortex =outer part

Front 26

divided into 4 lobes named for the bones that lie underneath them

Back 26

cortex

Front 27

interprets sensations from skin and spatial ability

Back 27

parietal

Front 28

lies under the cortex and billions of synapeses and myelinated axons are there

Back 28

white matter

Front 29

is in the diencephal. relay station between skin receptors and cerbral cortex for all sensory impulses except smell and it basically integrates all sensations

Back 29

thalamus

Front 30

below the thalamus, is vital in the release of hormones from the pituitary gland and regulates the body temp, water balance, sleep, appetite, sexual urges, and emotions

Back 30

hypothalamus

Front 31

spatial perception, pictures, art, musical ability

Back 31

right

Front 32

analytic and verbal skills and walking

Back 32

left

Front 33

left and right side of brain are connected by the

Back 33

corpus callosum

Front 34

a band of approx. 200 million neuron deep in the brain that connect the 2 sides so htey can share infomation.

Back 34

corpus callosum

Front 35

gray matter(nerve cell bodies) has grooves called convolutions with the crevices between the convolutions are called fissures or sulci

Back 35

cerebral cortex =outer part

Front 36

divided into 4 lobes named for the bones that lie underneath them

Back 36

cortex

Front 37

interprets sensations from skin and spatial ability

Back 37

parietal

Front 38

lies under the cortex and billions of synapeses and myelinated axons are there

Back 38

white matter

Front 39

is in the diencephal. relay station between skin receptors and cerbral cortex for all sensory impulses except smell and it basically integrates all sensations

Back 39

thalamus

Front 40

below the thalamus, is vital in the release of hormones from the pituitary gland and regulates the body temp, water balance, sleep, appetite, sexual urges, and emotions

Back 40

hypothalamus

Front 41

located between the cerebrum and the inner brain and contains:

Back 41

Limbic system

hippocampus and
reticular formation

Front 42

functions in learning and long-term memory

Back 42

hippocampus

Front 43

governs wakefulness, and sleep

Back 43

reticular activating system RAS

Front 44

is affected by stimuli of the eye and ears which aids a person in awaking and maintiaining alertness

Back 44

RAS
reticular activating system

Front 45

2nd largest portion of the brain and assist a person in maintaining balance, movement, muscle tone and coordinaton and EQUILIBRIUM.

Back 45

cerebellum

Front 46

connects the cerebral hemispheres with the spinal cord and includes the midbrain, pons and medulla

Back 46

brain stem

Front 47

at the top of brain stem; aids with visual and auditory reflexes and maintaining balance

Back 47

midbrain

Front 48

means bridge and it carries messages between the cerebrum and the medulla and it has a resp. center which produces normal breathing pattern

Back 48

pons

Front 49

is located below the pons on the skull floor

Back 49

medulla

Front 50

controls many vital body funtion like the cardiac center, b, vasomotor center, and respiratory center

Back 50

medulla

Front 51

concerned with reflexes like coughing, sneezing, and swallowing

Back 51

medulla

Front 52

if a person has a severe injury to the occipital bone, they could die because of it's close proximity to the _______

Back 52

medulla

Front 53

CFS- lymph like fluid prduced by the ___________________

Back 53

choroid plexuses

Front 54

how much CFS per day

Back 54

800ml
but use about 150/200ml per day

Front 55

it is made up of the cranial nerves and spinal nerves and they are sensory, motor and mixed

Back 55

PNS

Front 56

dscribes the action of a rapid exchange of the Na and K ion across a cell membrane and the ions spread out like an electrical current

Back 56

action potential

Front 57

at the synaspse, __________________acy chemically to transfer an impulse from the axon of 1 neuron to the dendrite of another.

Back 57

neurotransmitters

Front 58

depolarization causes :

Back 58

the cell membrane to relax again,

Front 59

sensory neurons 3 classes:

Back 59

Exteroceptors
proprioceptors
interoceptors