Textbook Of Basic Nursing Chap 16

Front 1

What can hair tell us about someone?

Back 1

DNA, exposure to heavy metals, poisons and drugs, nutritional status

Front 2

baldness

Back 2

alopecia

Front 3

How fast does hair grow?

Back 3

1mm every 3 days

Front 4

Alopecia can occur from...........

Back 4

disease, high fever, emotional stress, surgery, pregnancy, starvation, chemo, radiation, or hereditary factors

Front 5

Hair is made up of.....

Back 5

keratinized cells

Front 6

O2 binds to ________ ______ and is carried by RBCs

Back 6

hemoglobin molecule

Front 7

pigment found in red blood cells

Back 7

hemoglobin

Front 8

functions of the skin

Back 8

Protection
thermoregulation
metabolism
sensation
communication

Front 9

3rd layer of skin

Back 9

hypodermis or subcutaneous

(not really a part of the skin)

Front 10

Germinating base layer is creating new cells thru ________ and pushing upward to replace those lost every day

Back 10

mitosis

Front 11

To completely replace from skin base to top layer takes between____________

Back 11

2-4 weeks

Front 12

What causes fingerprints?

Back 12

the dermis reaches up into the epidermis causing ripples

Front 13

Hairs primary function is _______

Back 13

protection

Front 14

hair can stand up due to ______

Back 14

arrector pili muscle

Front 15

squamous

Back 15

scaly

Front 16

The outer layer, __________________ provides a barrier against light, heat, bacteria, and chemicals

Back 16

the stratum corneum or horny layer,

Front 17

cells are rubbed off constantly through washing and friction. This process is called ________

Back 17

desquamation

Front 18

Damage through the base layer of the epidermis to the dermis (such as in a second- or third-degree burn) takes longer to heal because the damaged skin has lost its ______________________

Back 18

mitotic (reproductive) structures.

Front 19

___________ has no nerves or blood supply.

Back 19

The epidermis

Front 20

____________ is the layer beneath the dermis and on top of a layer of muscle

Back 20

The subcutaneous tissue (or hypodermis)

Front 21

A combination of three pigments produces normal coloration of the skin:

Back 21

melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin

Front 22

Melanin is a brown-black pigment produced by melanocytes, found mostly in the basal layer of the epidermis.

Back 22

basal layer of the epidermis.

Front 23

Wrinkles occur due to the

Back 23

loss of collagen and elastic fibers in the skin

Front 24

_________ is a skin condition in which the melanocytes stop making melanin, causing distinct, localized areas of white.

Back 24

Vitiligo

Front 25

Nails are tightly packed cells of the _____________of the epidermis

Back 25

stratum corneum

Front 26

The nail itself is made up of

Back 26

keratinized dead cells

Front 27

nails grow approximately

Back 27

approximately 1 millimeter per week

Front 28

A fingernail lost through trauma takes about _______________

Back 28

3 to 5 months to regrow

Front 29

a toenail takes about ______to completely regrow

Back 29

12 to 18 months

Front 30

_________________lie close to the hair follicles, into which they usually drain

Back 30

The sebaceous glands (oil glands)

Front 31

__________is the oily secretion of these glands; it travels to the surface of the skin through the hair follicles. it helps make the skin soft and the hair glossy. As a defense mechanism, it prevents drying of the skin, thereby protecting it from cracking.

Back 31

Sebum

Front 32

___________________are located in the dermis.

Back 32

The sudoriferous glands (sweat glands)

Front 33

One inch of skin contains approximately ________sweat glands

Back 33

3,000

Front 34

There are three types of glands:

Back 34

apocrine, eccrine, and mammary glands.

Front 35

Aging decreases the activities of the

Back 35

sebaceous glands

Front 36

are specialized glands found only in the skin of the external auditory meatus, a passage that leads into the ear.

Back 36

Ceruminal glands

Front 37

Cerumen

Back 37

(ear wax)

Front 38

__________is the oily secretion of these glands; it travels to the surface of the skin through the hair follicles. it helps make the skin soft and the hair glossy. As a defense mechanism, it prevents drying of the skin, thereby protecting it from cracking.

Back 38

Sebum

Front 39

___________________are located in the dermis.

Back 39

The sudoriferous glands (sweat glands)

Front 40

One inch of skin contains approximately ________sweat glands

Back 40

3,000

Front 41

There are three types of glands:

Back 41

apocrine, eccrine, and mammary glands.

Front 42

Aging decreases the activities of the

Back 42

sebaceous glands

Front 43

are specialized glands found only in the skin of the external auditory meatus, a passage that leads into the ear.

Back 43

Ceruminal glands

Front 44

Cerumen

Back 44

(ear wax)

Front 45

__________is the oily secretion of these glands; it travels to the surface of the skin through the hair follicles. it helps make the skin soft and the hair glossy. As a defense mechanism, it prevents drying of the skin, thereby protecting it from cracking.

Back 45

Sebum

Front 46

___________________are located in the dermis.

Back 46

The sudoriferous glands (sweat glands)

Front 47

One inch of skin contains approximately ________sweat glands

Back 47

3,000

Front 48

There are three types of glands:

Back 48

apocrine, eccrine, and mammary glands.

Front 49

Aging decreases the activities of the

Back 49

sebaceous glands

Front 50

are specialized glands found only in the skin of the external auditory meatus, a passage that leads into the ear.

Back 50

Ceruminal glands

Front 51

Cerumen

Back 51

(ear wax)

Front 52

sweat glands become active during puberty, secreting a milky sweat into the hair follicle. they are most numerous in the axillae, pubic region, areolae of the breasts, external ear canals, and eyelids.

Back 52

The apocrine sweat glands

Front 53

are distributed widely over the body, but are especially numerous on the upper lip, forehead, back, palms, and soles

Back 53

eccrine sweat glands

Front 54

located on the breast and secrete milk

Back 54

mammary

Front 55

The integumentary system is also responsible for maintaining the body's internal temperature through a process called

Back 55

thermoregulation.

Front 56

The body loses heat through four processes:

Back 56

radiation, convection, evaporation, and conduction

Front 57

The body conserves heat through

Back 57

shivering and “goose flesh.”

Front 58

The __________and________are also major factors in the thermoregulation of the body's internal temperature

Back 58

sweat glands and the lungs

Front 59

The body normally loses about ______________of water per day due to evaporation

Back 59

500 milliliters

Front 60

___________is the returning of water to the air through vapor

Back 60

Evaporation

Front 61

____________is the transfer of heat from one object to another by direct contact

Back 61

Conduction

Front 62

____________ is important for the growth and repair of bones because it facilitates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from the small intestine.

Back 62

Vitamin D

Front 63

The part of the skin that contains the structures of hair, glands, blood vessels, and nerves is the:

Back 63

Dermis

Front 64

The transfer of heat from a surface to a surrounding gas is known as:

Back 64

Convection

Front 65

Diaphoresis is associated with glands called

Back 65

Sudoriferous

Front 66

A pigment found in red blood cells is

Back 66

Hemoglobin

Front 67

The best place to test for skin turgor in an older adult would be:

Back 67

The arm