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138 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A pt should be tested for TB prior to taking this med
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Etanercept: reactivates dormant TB
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side effect of long term use of phenytoin
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osteomalacia
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Meds assoc with toxic epidermal necrosis
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NSAIDS
Antibiotics(ampicillin) Anticonvulsants (carbamazepine) |
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Generic name of Allegra
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Fexofenedine
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nocturnal hypoglycemia, which stimulates counter-regulatory hormone release resulting in
rebound hyperglycemia. |
Somogyi effect
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generic name of cimetidine
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tagamet
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Generic name of Famotidine
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Pepcid
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Generic name of Ranitidine
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Zantac
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side effect of bleomycin
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pulmonary fibrosis
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occular finding in >ICP
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papilledema
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Occular findings seen in central retinal artery
occlusion. |
Cherry red fovea
Boxcar segmentation of retinal veins |
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Occular finding in chronic hypertension
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AV nicking
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first diagnostic study to eval cervical dysplasia
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colposcopy-directed study
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AKA Von Recklinhausen disease
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Neurofibromatosis type I
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Neurofibromatosis type 2 is AKA?
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bilateral acoustic neurofibromatosis
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Eosinophilia, allergic granulomatosis, angiitis
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Churg-Strauss syndrome
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Hemangiomas and Port-wine stains on the face
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Sturge-Webber syndrome
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injury to this nerve causes winging of the scapula
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Long thoracic nerve: ennervates the serratus anterior muscle
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vector that transmits malaria
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Anopheles mosquito
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difinitive treatment for primary enuresis
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DDAVP(desmopressin)
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artery injured with posterior knee dislocations
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popliteal: always do angiography to check for patency, even if pedal pulses are present
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How do you treat vWD disease
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DDAVP
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Autism w/out the language impairment
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Asperger's
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> PTT, normal PT, normal bleeding time
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Hemophilia
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Drugs that cause thrombocytopenia
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Heparin
Sulfonamides Valproate |
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Pentad of TTP
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Hemolytic anemia
Thrombocytopenia Renal failure Fever Neuro Dz |
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thrombocytopenia often in kids and caused by E.coli
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HUS
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S/Sx of HUS
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Hemolytic anemia
Thrombocytopenia Acute Renal failure Bloody diarrhea Seizures |
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hypersegmented neutrophils
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Pernicious anemia
B12 deficiency |
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Multinucleated giant cells
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Herpes
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Lab results in pernicious anemia
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> serum methylmalonic acid
> homocystine levels Folic acid def has normal methylmalonic acid levels but > homocystine levels |
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#1 cause of iron def worldwide
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hookworm
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AutoAb to presynaptic calcium channels seen with small cell Ca
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Lambert-Eaton
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This osteoporosis drug increases the incidence of hot flashes when used in a perimenopausal female
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Evista (Raloxifene)
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Tx of bacterial meningitis 2nd to N.meningitidis
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PCN + Chloramphenicol
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Tx of bacterial meningitis 2nd to Listeria (common in elderly)
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Ceftriaxone + Ampicillin
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urinalysis finding most consistent with early diabetic nephropathy
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microalbumenuria
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Acanthosis nigricans is associated with which patients?
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patients who have hyperinsulinemia.
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leukemia is associated with an enlarged spleen and pancytopenia
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Hairy Cell leukemia
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The most common presentation of cystic fibrosis in the neonate
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meconium ileus
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What is a "double bubble" sign
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pathonogmonic for duodenal atresia: two large gas collections, one in the stomach the other one in the duodenum
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what congenital condition is assoc with duodenal atresia?
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Down Syndrome
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MCC of GI bleed and bruising in a neonate?
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Vit K deficiency
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MCC of massive lower GI bleeding in adults.
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DiverticulOSIS
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Test of choice to look for mesenteric venous thrombosis
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CT or MRI
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Are pseudopolyps common in UC or Crohn's
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UC
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Tests for ACL
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Anterior drawer
Lachman's |
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Test for Medial meniscus injury
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McMurray's
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Most common knee ligament injured
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MCL
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This knee injury presents with a pop in the knee
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ACL
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Bug that causes cysticercosis
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T.solium
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MCC of acquired epilepsy
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neurocysticercosis
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pituitary ACTH excess
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cushing's disease
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Purines from ingested nucleic acids are converted to?
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Uric acid: contributes to gout
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likely cause of spontaneous upper extremity fracture with minimal force in elderly person
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lytic lesion from metastatic lung or breast CA
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Test sensitive and specific for CREST syndrome (Scleroderma)
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Anticentromere antibodies
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Name drugs assoc with drug induced SLE
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Procainamide
Hydralazine INH |
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What lab finding is highly specific for drug induced SLE
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Antihistone antibodies
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What are Anti-Jo-1 antibodies?
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Marker of dermatomyositis with significant muscle involvement
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Antibodies against the Fc fragment of IgG are associated with?
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rheumatoid arthritis
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What are some complications of pregnancy in a pt with SLE?
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spontaneous abortion
fetal death prematurity |
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The most common ankle sprains are lateral; which ligaments are likely to get injured?
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Anterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular Posterior talofibular |
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an "itch that rashes"
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Eczema
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erythematous rash found along the major skin folds, common in diabetics
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Erythrasma
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skin fluoresces coral-red under wood's lamp
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Erythrasma
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Deficiency of vitamin A can cause?
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Night blidness
Alopecia |
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spoon-shaped fingernails
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koilonychia
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multiple brown, warty papules and nodules with a "stuck on" appearance
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Seborrheic Keratosis
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bug assoc with scalded skin syndrome
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Staph aureus
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pruritic, round, "coin-shaped" plaques with erythema, scales, and crusts
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Numnular eczema
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Acrochordons are AKA
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skin tags
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In which valve abnormality are BB's and afterload reducers contraindicated?
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Aortic stenosis: periph vasculature is maximally constricted to maintain BP, so administration of such agents would cause pt to go into shock
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In which valve abnormality can you hear a Graham Steel murmor?
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Pulmonary regurgitation
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the most common cardiac manifestation of lupus.
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Libman-Sacks endocarditis
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Name the 5 P's of lichen planus
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Pruritic
Planar Purple Polygonal Papules |
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MCC of osteomyelitis in sickle cell patients
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salmonella
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Name the Centor criteria
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Fever
Exudates Lymphadenopathy Absence of cough |
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MCC's of large bowel obstruction
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1. Neoplasm
2. Diverticulitis 3. Volvulus |
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MCC's of small bowel obstruction
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1. Adhesions
2. Hernias |
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What is the Well's criteria used for?
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Probability of PE
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Low sodium in a euvolemic or fluid overload pt
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SIADH (too much ADH)
Hyponatremia results from dilution |
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deficiency of antidiuretic hormone
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Diabetes insipidus
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superficial swelling in an infant that does not extend across the suture line
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cephalohematoma
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swelling of the cranium that does extend across suture lines and increases in size after birth
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subgaleal hemorrhage
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exanthema subitum is AKA?
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roseola infantum caused by HHV-6
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MCC of large bowel obstruction
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adenocarcinoma
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Drug used to blunt the side effects of Niacin (flushing)
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ASA or NSAIDS
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What's the incubation period for hepatitis B?
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3 to 180 days
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What drug can be given to treat Bell's Palsy?
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Prednisone for 1 week
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abdominal pain, arthritis, and nonthrombocytopenic purpura in a child is indicative of?
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Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
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What electrolyte imbalance can cause paralytic ileus post-operatively?
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Hypokalemia
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Sporadic episodes of vertigo with some degree of sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus
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Menniere's Dz
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Name some side effects of HIV drugs
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Nevirapine -hepatotoxicity Abacavir- rash and fever
Indinavir- kidney stones Lamivudine- rash and peripheral neuropathy Zidovudine- anemia, neutropenia, nausea, malaise, headache, insomnia, and myopathy Nelfinavir- diarrhea |
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MC presentation of cryptococcal meningitis
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Fever and headache
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MC presentation of primary biliary cirrhosis
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Asymptomatic middle-aged woman with elevated cholestatic liver enzymes
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What is the characteristic prodrome of atypical pneumonia?
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Headache and sore throat
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Bowing of the legs is pathologic after what age?
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After 2 years
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describe a complex partial seizure
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preceded by sensory aura followed by impairment but not loss of consciousness along with involuntary motor activity
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Which type of colon polyp has a high risk of malignant degeneration?
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Villous adenomas
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Test to confirm myesthenia gravis
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Tensilon test (cholinesterase inhibiting drug)
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Combining SSRI's with which drugs can cause serotonin syndrome?
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MAOI's
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What is the dobutamine stress test used for?
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to access the myocardial perfusion and function
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What are cardiac electrophysiology studies used for?
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to evaluate the excitability of the myocardium to reproduce V-tach.
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Test to confirm myesthenia gravis
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Tensilon test (cholinesterase inhibiting drug)
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MC tumor assoc with an undescended testicle?
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seminoma
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what is the normal intraocular pressure?
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< 21 mm Hg
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pelvic pain, adnexal mass, and a history of menstrual irregularities is suggestive of?
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ovarian cyst
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Best initial drug treatment for symptomatic CHF patient
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ACE and Loop diuretic
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What is the treatment for Reye's syndrome?
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Supportive: fluid maintenance and hyperventilation
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How long does it take for SSRI's to be therapeutic?
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2-6 weeks
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MC site of an acute arterial occlusion due to embolic disease?
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Femoral arteries
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What is considered the primary therapy for patients with pulmonary thromboembolism
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Thrombolytics- TPA
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Tx for a pt with gout who overproduces uric acid
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allopurinol- inhibits production of uric acid.
(24 hr uric excretion test > 800mg) |
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What structures are damaged in a penile fracture?
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rupture of the corpus cavernosum when the tunica albuginea is torn
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Which drugs can cause orthostatic hypotension?
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Antihypertensive
Alpha 1 blockers TCA's Phenothiazides Benzo's DO NOT cause |
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MCC of hypopituitarism when there is no known cause?
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hemochromatosis
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bioprosthetic valves should be used in pt's older than?
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65 yrs
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how do you treat thyroid storm?
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propranolol-PTU-iodine
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Forced flexion and circumduction describes what knee maneuver?
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McMurrays Test
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Injury here causes an absent knee jerk reflex
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L3-L4
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MCC's of cardiac tamponade?
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Pericarditis
Malignant effusion Uremia Trauma |
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How do you treat pertussis?
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Macrolides (erythromycin)
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anterior knee pain increased by flexion load (stair climbing) and positive theater sign (pain after seated for a long time)
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patellofemoral syndrome
Tx: strengthen quadriceps |
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What is anagen effluvium?
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hair loss involving the entire scalp caused by drugs or chemotherapy.
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What is the earliest sign of chronic kidney disease
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proteinuria
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What is the "renal dose dopamine." This dose can be used to facilitate diuresis in heart failure
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Low dose: 1-2 mcg/dl
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Name the Jones criteria
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major:
polyarthritis carditis erythema marginatum subcutaneous nodules Sydenham chorea minor: fever arthralgia previous RF or RHD ESR or CRP prolonged P-R interval |
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What is the topical treatment of choice for rosacea
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Metronidazole
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How do you treat Kaposi's sarcoma that is in a limited area of the skin?
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intralesional vinblastine
doxorubicin and alpha interferon: used for extensive or aggressive skin disease |
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MC organism that causes sore throat and fever in a child
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Adenovirus
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Drug of choice for legionella in an immunocompromised pt
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levoflaxacin
Erythromycin for immunocompetent pts |
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MCC of subarachnoid hemorrhage
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rupture aneurysm
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Syndrome in infants in which a vascular tumor leads to decreased platelets
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Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome
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Diabetic drug that can cause acute renal failure following the administration of radiocontrast agent
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Metformin
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unilateral vision loss that resolves over 10 to 20 minutes and is caused by an embolic source
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Amaurosis fugax
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T/F: Opium containing drugs can cause constipation
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TRUE
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What is Blumberg sign?
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Rebound tenderness
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rupture or avulsion of the insertion of the extensor tendon of the DIP is also known as?
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Mallet finger
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