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149 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The rectus abdominal muscle is an example of a:
a. convergent b. parallel c. fusiform muscle d. pennate muscle |
b) parallel muscle
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Regeneration of nerve fibers will take place only if the cell body is intact & the fibers have:
a. nodes of Ranvier b. neurilemma c. a myelin sheath d. neurofibrils |
b) neurilemma
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Muscles that contract at the same time as the prime movers are called:
a. synergists b. fixators c. contractors d. antagonists |
a) synergists
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The covering of individual muscle fibers is the:
a. epimysium b. endomysium c. periosteum d. perimysium |
b) endomysium
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After it is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, the calcium combines with which protein?
a. Troponin b. Actin c. Myosin d. Tropomyosin |
a) Troponin
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The autonomic nervous system consists of the:
a. peripheral & afferent n.s. b. sympathetic & parasymphetic n.s. c. symphatic & efferent n.s. d.parasymphatic & somatic n.s |
b) sympathetic & parasympathetic nervous system
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The plasma membrane of a muscle fiber is called the:
a. sarcolemma b. myofibril c. sarcoplasm d. sarcomere |
c) sarcoplasm
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Muscles may be named according to:
a. function b. direction of fibers c. points of attachment d. all of the above |
d) all of the above
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The white matter of the Nervous System is made up of:
a. myelinated fibers b. nuclei c. unmyelinated fibers d. ganglia |
a) myelinated fibers
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Dendrites conduct impulses:
a. toward cell bodies b. away from cell bodies c. within cell bodies d. none of the above |
a) toward cell bodies
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A synapse consits of:
a. a synaptic knob b. a synaptic cleft c. the plasma membrane of a postsynaptic neuron d. all of the above |
d) all of the above
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The neurotransmitter(s) secreted at the motor end plates of sleletal muscles is/are:
a. dopamine b. norepinephrine c. acetylcholine d. could be any of the above |
c) acetylcholine
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Cross-bridges are also called:
a. myosin heads b. motor end plates c. synapes d. motor neuron |
a) myosin heads
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Fascicles are held together by a connective tissue layer called the:
a. endoneurium b. perineurium c. macroneurium d. epineurium |
b) peineurium
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Skeletal muscles constitute approx. ____ of our body weight:
a. 10% b. 25% c. 50% d. 75% |
c) 50%
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The first event to occur in muscle relaxation is:
a. tropomyosin returns to its original position b. myosin cross-bridges are prevented from binding to actin c. the sarcoplasmic reticulum begins activly pumping Ca+ back into sacs d. acetylcholine is released |
c. the carcoplasmic reticulum begins activly pumping Calcium back into sacs
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The cheif function of the T-tubules is to:
a. provide nutrients to the muscle fiber b. allow the fiber to contract c. allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cell d. allow for the generation of new muscle fibers |
c. allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cell
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Which of the following is not one of the main chemical classes of neurotransmitters?
a. triglycerides b. amines c. amino acids d. neuropeptides |
a. triglycerides
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Groups of skeletal muscle fibers are bound together by a connective tissue envelope called the:
a. endomysium b. perimysium c. epimysium d. aponeurosis |
b. perimysium
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A lack of this/these neurotransmitter(s) in the basal ganglia is/are associated with Parkinsons Disease
a. norepinephrine b. endorphins c. dopamine d. enkephalins |
c. dopamine
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True or False
Most muscles span a joint |
True
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True or False
A motor neuron plus the muscle fibers to which it attaches is called a motor unit |
True
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True or False
Muscle cells produce heat by the process of catabolism |
True
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True or False
Spinal nerves are considered part of the peripheral nervous system |
True
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True or False
The magnitude of the action potential peaks when the sodium channels close |
True
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True or False
Antagonist muscles oppose the movement of the agonist muscle |
True
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True or False
A triad consists of a T-tubule sandwiched between sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum |
True
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True or False
Groups of muscle cells held together by the perimysium are called fascia |
False
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True or False
Part of the function of the astrocyte is to help feed the neurons |
True
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True or False
Fascia is another term for epimysium |
False
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True or False
The microglia engulf & destroy microorganisms and cellular debris |
True
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True or False
Oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths around nerve fibers in the CNS |
True
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True or False
Actin, Troponin, & Tropomyosin are present on thick myofilament |
False
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True or False
The study of muscle activity is called myography |
True
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True or False
The difference in electrical charge between the inside & outside of a membrane is called the membrane potential |
True
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True or False
Agonists & prime mover are interchangeable terms |
True
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True or False
T-tubules are perpendicular to muscle fibers |
True
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True or False
Muscle can only have one origin attachment & one insertion attachment |
False
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True or False
For continued, efficient nutrient catabolism by muscle fibers, both glucose & oxygen are required |
True
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True or False
There is a time when a neuron will not send a nerve impulse no matter how strong the stimulus is |
True
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True or False
Unipolar neurons have no axons |
False
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True or False
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, & nerves |
True
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True or False
The afferent nervous system consists of all outgoing motor pathways |
False
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True or False
Most nerves in the human nervous system are mixed |
True
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True or False
A neurotransmitter can be excitatory or inhibitory, but not both |
False
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True or False
The muscles of facial expression are unique in that at least one of their points of attachment is to the deep layers of skin over the face or neck |
True
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True or False
A neuromuscular junction is a type of connection called a synapse |
True
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True or False
T-tubules are found in all types of muscle tissue |
False
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True or False
When a muscle contract, the bone moved is the bone of insertion |
True
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True or False
Skeletal muscle has a great ability to stretch |
True
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Which of the following is not true of simple cubodial epithelium?
a. it is one layer thick b. it is composed of cubodial shaped cells c. it is found in ducts or tubules of the kidney d. all of the above are true of simple cubodial epithelium |
d. all of the above are true of simple cubodial epithelium
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The type of tissue that contains cells called neurons is:
a. muscle b. epithelial c. connective d. nervous e. none of the above |
d. nervous
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A vetebral bone is an exaple of a(n):
a. long bone b. short bone c. flat bone d. irregular bone |
d. irregular bone
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Which of the following is not one of the primary fuctions performed by the bones?
a. mineral storage b. protection c. hormonal production d. hematopoiesis |
c. hormonal production
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Which of the following bones is not part of the face?
a. frontal b. zygomatic c. lacrimal d. maxilla |
a. frontal
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A fracture in the shaft of a bone is a break in the:
a. epiphysis b. periosteum c. diaphysis d. articular cartilage |
c. diaphysis
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A fontanel can best be described as a(n):
a. bone in the skull b. unossified area in an infant's skull c. articulation between two skull bones d. small opening |
b. unossified area in the infant's skull
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The cell layers of skin from the most superficial to the deepest are in this order, the stratum,:
a. corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, and basale b. basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum c. basale, granulosum, lucidum, spinosum, & cornemum d. corneum, granulosum, lucium, spinosum, & basale |
a. corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, & basale
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Going from superior to inferior, the sequence of the vetebral column is:
a. sacral, coccyx, thoracic, lumbar, & cervical b. coccyx, sacral, lumbar, thoracic, & cervical c. cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral, & coccyx d. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, & coccyx |
d. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, & coccyx
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Endosteum can be found:
a. lining the medullary cavity b. covering bones c. at articular surfaces d. lining in the epihysis |
a. lining the medullary cavity
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The term sinus, as it relates to bone markings, may be defined as a:
a. raised area or projection b. cavity within a bone c. tubelike opening or channel d. groove or elongated depression |
b. cavity within a bone
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The mature cells of bone are called:
a. fibroblasts b. osteoclasts c. osteocytes d. osteoblasts |
c. osteocytes
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The skeletal framework of the neck consists of:
a. lumbar vertebrae b. thoracic vertebrae c. sacral vertebrae d. cervical vertebrae |
d. cervical verebrae
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These cells of skin are filled with a tough, fibrous protein & account for most of the epidermal cells of the skin:
a. dermatocytes b. langerhans cells c. keratinocytes d. melanocytes |
c. keratinocytes
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Which of the following is not a function of the skin?
a. defense against disease organisms b. synthesis of vitamin E c. regulation of body temperture d. excretion of water & slats |
b. synthesis of vitamin E
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Cancellous bone is another term for a(n):
a. irregular bone b. spongy bone c. short bone d. compact bone |
b. spongy bone
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Length-wise running central canals are connect to eachother by transverse running:
a. Haversian canals b. Volkmann canals c. canaliculi d. transverse lucunae |
b. Volkmann canals
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The humerous is an example of:
a. long bone b. short bone c. flat bone d. irregular bone |
a. long bone
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The axial skeleton consists of:
a. 60 bones b. 68 bones c. 74 bones d. 80 bones |
d. 80 bones
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of the diaphysis?
a. provides a bulbous shape for the attachment of the muscle b. hollow c. composed of compact bone d. all of the above |
a. provides a bulbous shape for the attachement of the muscle
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The term used to describe the skin & the appendages is the:
a. epidermis b. dermis c. integumentary system d. integument |
c. integumentary system
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One of the characteristics of which type of epithelial tissue is that of being able to readily diffuse material through it, such as occurs in alveoli?
a. stratified columnar b. simple columnar c. stratified squamous d. simple squamous |
d. simple squamous
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The first step to heal a fracture is:
a. the formation of specialized callus b. the formation of a fracture hematoma c. proper alignment of the fracture d. the formation of a collar of normal bone covering the broken ends |
b. the formation of a fracture hematoma
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Blood is a member of which basic tissue type:
a. epithelial b. connective c. muscel d. nervous |
b. connective
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The area referred to as true skin is the:
a. stratum corneum b. subcutaneous layer c. dermis d. hypodermis |
c. dermis
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The type of gland that produces the waxy secretion in the external ear canal is:
a. eccrine b. apocrine c. sebaceous d. ceruminous |
d. ceruminous
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True or False
Bone-destroying cells are called osteoblasts |
False
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True or False
The terms Haversian system & osteon are interchangeable |
True
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True or False
The basic ingredient in the skin that determines skin color is melanin |
True
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True or False
There are 5 pairs of flase ribs |
True
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True or False
Haversian systems are only found in compact bone |
True
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True or False
The endosteum is a connective tissue membrane that lies in the medullary cavity |
False
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True or False
The shoulder girdle consists only of the scapula & clavicle |
True
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True or False
Myeloid tissue is another name for bone marrow |
True
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True or False
The stratum lucidum is superficial to the stratum basale |
True
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True or False
Surgical incisions that are made perpindicular to clevage lines tend to heal with less of a scar |
False
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True or False
Apocrine & eccrine glands are the 2 types of sebacous glands |
False
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True or False
Epithelial tissue connects to connective tissue by means of a basement membrane |
True
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True or False
The periosteum is a dense, white, fibrous membrane that covers bone except at joint surfaces |
True
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True or False
Loose connective tissue is also called areolar tissue |
True
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True or False
A primary function of the dermal-epidermal junction is to "glue" together the dermis & the epidermis |
True
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True or False
Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue |
True
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True or False
Fingernails are composed of heavily keratinized epidermal cells |
True
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True or False
The cells at the surface of the skin are dead |
True
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True or False
Skeletal muscle tissue is striated & voluntary |
True
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True or False
The two bones of the lower arm are the ulna & radius, & the two bones of the lower leg are the tibia & the fibula |
True
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True or False
Salivary glands are an example of ductless exocrine glands |
False
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True or False
The blunt, cartilaginous lower tip of the sternum is called the xiphoid process |
True
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True or False
Both cartilage & bone contain living cells & are vascular tissues |
False
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True or False
The movement of digested nutrients through the wall of the digestive tube into the body fluids and to cells for use is called absorption |
True
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True or False
The Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, & mitochondria are examples of organelles |
True
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True or False
The frontal plane divides the body into right and left sides |
False
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True or False
The dorsal cavity consists of the cranial & spinal cavities |
True
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True or False
The head, neck, arms, & legs make up the axial skeleton |
False
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True or False
Physiology deals with structure, whereas anatomy deals with function |
False
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True or False
Electrovalent & ionic bonds are the same |
True
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True or False
The chemical reaction of an acid & a base always results in water & salt |
True
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True or False
Electrolytes include acids, bases, & salts |
True
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True or False
Glycogen & starch are both examples of polysaccharides |
True
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True or False
Metabolism includes the processes of both anabolism & catabolism |
True
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True or False
The pH scale indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a solution |
True
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True or False
The outer portion of the cell membrane is hydrophobic, or water-loving |
False
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True or False
The functions of the nucleus are actually regulated by RNA |
False
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True or False
The cell's internal supporting framework is called the cytoskeleton |
True
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True or False
The plasma membrane can be described as a double layer of phospholipid molecules |
True
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True or False
Rough endoplasmic reticulum looks rough because there are mitochondria attached to it |
False
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True or False
The Golgi apparatus helps to prepare material for export from the cell |
True
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True or False
One of the main functions of the mitochondria is to supply the cell with ATP |
True
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True or False
For osmosis to occur, a selectivly permeable membrane must be present |
True
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True or False
Active transport processes that use protein carrier molecules, or pumps, do not use cellular energy but rely on concentration gradients |
False
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True or False
Glycolysis does not require oxygen, and is called anaerobic |
True
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True or False
In normal mitosis, two daughter cells are identical genetically to the parent cell |
True
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True or False
The three process that comprise cellular respiration are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, & the neutron transport system |
False
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True or False
Both the citric acid cycle and the electron transport system occur in the mitochondria |
True
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True or False
One explination of isotonic solutions is that they have the same potential osmotic pressure |
True
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True or False
An endomorph usually has a muscular physique |
False
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Withdrawing from a painful stimulus is an example of:
a. excretion b. growth c. responsiveness d. secretion |
c. responsiveness
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The reporductive system includes all of the follwing except:
a. testes b. ovaries c. ureter d. penis |
c. ureter
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The mediastinium contains all of the following except the:
a. trachea b. venae cavae c. right lung d. esophagus |
c. right lung
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The number of abdominal regions is:
a. three b. five c. seven d. nine |
d. nine
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Two major cavities of the human body are:
a. ventral/dorsal b. inferior/superior c. visceral/parietal d. axial/appendicular |
a. ventral/dorsal
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The plane that divides the individual into upper & lower parts is the:
a. sagittal plane b. frontal plane c. transverse plane d. superficial plane |
c. transverse plane
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Which of the following bonds are the weakest?
a. ionic bonds b. hydrogen bonds c. electrovalent bonds d. covalent bonds |
b. hydrogen bonds
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The element that is present in all proteins but not in carbohydrates is:
a. carbon b. hydrogen c. oxygen d. nitrogen |
d. nitrogen
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The type of lipoprotein associated with cholesterol and the production of atherosclerotic changes in blood vessels is:
a. HDL b. LDL c. VLDL |
b. LDL
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Proteins are composed of ___ commonly occuring amino acids:
a. 10 b. 18 c. 20 d. 22 |
c. 20
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The elements of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen make up which percentage of the human body?
a. 50% b. 69% c. 78% d. 96% |
d. 96%
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The element oxygen has an atomic number of 8, which means it contains:
a. 4 protons & 4 neutrons b. 8 protons c. 8 neutrons d. 4 protons & 4 electrons |
b. 8 protons
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Main cell structures include all of the following except:
a. organelles b. plasma membrane c. blood plasma d. cytoplasm |
c. blood plasma
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The major energy production site of the cell is the:
a. Golgi apparatus b. mitochondrion c. endoplasmic reticulum d. ribosome |
b. mitochondrion
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A specialized cell structure that propels the sperm is the:
a. flagellum b. cilium c. microvillus d. microtubule |
a. flagellum
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DNA is a major constituent of which organelle?
a. lysosome b. ribosome c. chromosome d. nucleus |
d. nucleus
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The presence of this substance in the cell membrane keeps it from breaking too easily:
a. cholesterol b. protein c. phospholipid d. glycoproteins |
a. cholesterol
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Diffusion requires:
a. a semipermeable membrane b. a concentration gradient c. ions d. none of the above |
b. a concentration gradient
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phagocytosis is an example of:
a. exocytosis b. endocytosis c. passive transport d. facilitated diffusion |
b. endocytosis
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The correct order of the phases of mitosis is:
a. anaphase, telophase, metaphase, prophase b. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase c. prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase d. anaphase, metaphase, prophase, telophase e. none of the above |
b. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
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Transcription can be best described as
a. degradiation of mRNA b. reading of mRNA codons by tRNA c. replication of DNA d. synthesis of mRNA |
d. synthesis of mRNA
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Twenty-three chromosomes per cell in humans is referred to as:
a. haploid b. diploid c. myoid d. dioid |
a. haploid
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The membranous organelle in the cytoplasm that is able to replicate itself is the:
a. Golgi apparatus b. mitochondrion c. lysosome d. ribosome |
b. mitochondrion
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