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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Uniformitarianism |
the processes seen today are the same as those of the past |
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Original horizontality |
sediments settle out by a fluid of gravity, causes sediments to accumulate horizontally - tilted sedimentary rocks must be deformed |
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Superposition |
younger strata on top, older strata on bottom |
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Lateral continuity |
strata often form laterally extensive horizontal sheets, subsequent erosion must be younger than the material that is faulted |
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Cross-cutting relations |
younger features cut across older features, faults, dikes, erosion must be younger than the material that is faulted |
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Baked contacts |
an igneous intrusion cooks the invaded country rock, the baked rock is older |
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Inclusions |
a rock fragment within another, inclusions are always older |
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Angular unconformity |
represents a huge time gap, mountains eroded completely away, renewed marine invasion, new sediments deposited on eroded surface
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Nonconformity |
igneous/metamorphic rocks capped by sedimentary rocks, rocks were exposed by erosion and sediments were deposited on eroded surface |
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Disconformity |
parallel strata bounding non-deposition due to an interruption in sedimentation (often hard to recognize) |
