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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kidney filtering capacity |
125 ml per minute is filtered out |
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Juxtaglomerular apparatus |
Chemoreceptors that respond to sodium chloride concentration that varies directly with filtration flow rate |
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Glomerular blood pressure |
55 mmhg is higher than a systemic capillary bed 18 mm |
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Mesangial cells |
Molecules that get stuck in filtration membrane are engulfed by this |
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Sympathetic nervous system |
Releases norepinephrine from the sympathetic nerve fibers and epinephrine is released from the adrenal medulla |
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Angiotensin 'll effects |
1. Vasoconstrictor 2. Stimulates reabsoption of sodium directly 3. Stimulates hyothalamus to release antidiuretic hormone 4. Decreasing peritubular capillary hydrostatic pressure 5. Glomerular Mesangial smooth muscle cell in the Glomerular to constrict |
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Filtration membrane three layers |
1. Fenestrated capillaries 2. Basement membrane 3. Podocytes and their foot processess creating filtration slits |
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Filtrate contains |
Water, ions, AA, glucose, nitrogenous waste |
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Renin |
1. Direct stimulation 2. Drop in systemic blood pressure below 80 mmhg 3. Stimulation of granular cells |
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Aldosterone |
Causes the principal cells of the collecting ducts and distal portion of the distal convoluted tubule to reabsorbed more sodium |
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ADH |
For placing the protein water channels, aquarorins into the collecting ducts allowing for water to be reabsorbed back into the body |
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Myogenic mechanism |
The vascular smooth muscle of the afferent arterial will contract when stretched, as occurs with an increase in blood pressure or blood volume |
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Extrinsic controls |
Starts when the MAP drops below 80 mmhg a more pathological condition |
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Intrinsic controls |
Regulates Glomerular filtration rate and protects the neutrons against increases in blood pressure throughout the day |
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Glomerular filtration rate |
Is 125 mL per minute and is dependent upon the net filtration pressure |
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Fluid compartments |
Body fluids constitute between 55 - 60% of the total body mass in males and females. |
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Intracellular fluid |
Is the fluid within the cells of the body this accounts for approximately 2/3 of the bodies fluid volume |
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Extracellular fluid |
The remaining 1/3 of body fluid and is outside the cells |
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Interstitial fluid |
Which is in the microscopic spaces between the tissue cells. Lymph, cerebral spinal fluid, honors of the eye, synovial fluid, serous fluid, GI secretions are all special interstitial fluid |
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Two barriers separating each fluid compartments |
1. The plasma membrane 2. Blood vessel wall |
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Electroytes |
Sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, hydrogen, and bicarbonate |
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What is a electrolyte |
Inorganic chemical compounds that disassociate into ions in wAter. They have much greater osmotic power than nonelectrolytes |
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Hypotonic hydration |
Occurs when fluid volume of the ECF increases or the dilute primarily sodium decreases |
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Dehydration |
Hypohydration occurs when water output exceeds intake over period of time |
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Metabolic alkalosis |
This occurs when there is increase in bicarbonate ion causing increase PH |
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Metabolic acidosis |
This occurs when bicarbonate ion decreses resulting in a decrease PH or increase hydrogen ion |
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Respiratory alkalosis |
This is a decrease in partial pressure of CO2 resulting in increasing PH |
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Respiratory acidosis |
This is increase partial pressure CO2 resulting in decreaing PH |
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Edema |
Is the atypical acculuation of fluid in the interstitial space this leading to tissue swelling and is caused by any even the causes fluid to lead the vascular system |
