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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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standard stance phase terms |
heel strike foot flat midstance heel off toe off |
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standard swing phase terms |
acceleration midswing deceleration |
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RLA terms |
initial contack loading response midstance terminal stance preswing |
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pelvic rotation |
rotation of pelvis opposite of thorax maintains balance and regulates speed 8 degrees(4 forward-4 backward) |
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degree of toe out |
average 7 degrees angle formed by line of progression and line from heel to second toe |
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COG during gait |
COG moves vertically and horizontally 2in equally pelvic lateral tilt up and down minimizes displacement of COG |
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stride length |
distance b/t R heel strike and the following R heel strike avg-26in-32in |
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step length |
the distance measured b/t R heel strike and L heel strike adult-13-16in |
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arm swing in gait |
helps maintain balance opposite UE and LE move simultaneously
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Base of support |
5-10cm distance measured b/t the midpoints of heel contact of the L foot and R foot during gait |
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cadence |
walking steps over period of time adult avg-110-120steps/min |
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peak activity for gastoc-soleus |
late stance phase: concentric raising of the heel during toe off |
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peak activity for Tibialis Anterior |
Just after heel strike: eccentric lowering of the foot into PF |
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peak activity for quads |
1st-single limb support durinng stance 2nd-just before toe off to initiate swing phase |
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peak activity for hamstrings |
last part of swing phase: deceleration of unsupported limb |
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ROM requirements for gait |
hip flexion-0-35 hip extension-0-10 knee flexion-0-60 knee extension-0 ankle DF-0-10 ankle PF-0-20 |
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Trendelenburg |
weak glut med causes pelvis to drop on and trunk sidebends to opposite side during gait the pt will sidebend to same side of weakness |
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vaulting gait |
uninvolved stance LE elevates at pelvis and PF allow the involved LE to swing and advance |
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crouch gait |
lumbar lordosis, anterior pelvic tilt, hip and knee flexion, ankle PF exaggerated arm swing |
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rocking horse gait |
glut max weakness hip tends to flex during stance without good stabilization by hip extensors: trunk shifts post. to compensate for opposite leg glut max weakness |
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quadriceps weakness gait |
inability to extend knee during stance opposite of rocking horse compensation w/ trunk fwd flexion and PF to hyperextend the knee |
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hamstrings weakness gait |
both stance and swing affected during swing: quads slap knee into hyperextension because hamstrings arent strong enough to slow down fwd swing of the LE during stance: genu recurvatum |
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foot slap gait |
weak DF: tibialis anterior foot slaps on the ground during heel strike: ankle is not able to support weight of body at heel strike |
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waddling gait |
shoulders behind hips little to no reciprocal pelvis or trunk rotation compensation of excessive lateral WS to advance LE ex-MD |
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Foot drop "steppage gait" |
results from inability to clear foot during swing b/c weak DF involves foot slap compensation involves excessive hip and knee flexion to advance LE |
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spastic gait |
stiff movement toes catch and drag, LE adducted, hip and knee joints slightly flexed (synergy) |
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scissor gait |
spastic hib ADD legs cross midline during gait |
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festinating gait |
starts slow, increases and may continue until pt grasps an object difficulty controlling acceleration and deceleration |
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parkinsonian gati |
shuffling gait flexed trunk w/ fwd COG, Flexed LE, decreased arm swing, decreased stride short rapid steps attempting to regain balance |
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equinus gait |
high steps b/c of excessive gastroc activity or LLD |
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Ataxic gait |
wide BOS, jerky, unsteady movements, staggering appearance drunken sailor
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circumduction gait |
circular motion in swing phase to advance the LE compensates for insufficient: hip flexion, knee flexion, or DF |
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Antalgic Gait |
painful gait shortened stance time to avoid WB on involved side |
