Test 6

Front 1

A condition of abnormal vital functions involving any structure, part or system of an organ

Back 1

Disease

Front 2

To transit a pathogen that may induce development of an infectious disease in another person.

Back 2

Infection

Front 3

The act of introducing disease, germs, or infectious material into an area or substance.

Back 3

Contamination

Front 4

Organisms that cause or induce disease in a host.

Back 4

Pathogenic Organisms

Front 5

Organisms that due to its own virulence is able to produce disease.

Back 5

True Pathogens

Front 6

An organism that exists as part of a normal flora

Back 6

Opportunist Pathogens

Front 7

The presence of macroscopic organisms on or in a host-environmental space.

Back 7

Infestation

Front 8

The ability or the genetic capacity for an organism to cause disease

Back 8

Pathogenisity

Front 9

The complete expression or fulfillment of an organisms capacity to cause disease

Back 9

Virulence

Front 10

To abate an organism that causes an infection or disease

Back 10

Attenuation

Front 11

Organisms that cause disease outside the host.

Back 11

Exogenous infections- measles, Diphteria, Tuberculosis, Syphilis

Front 12

Organisms that cause disease within the host

Back 12

Endogenous infection- actinomycosis

Front 13

Rapid onset...short duration

Back 13

Acute Infection

Front 14

Slow onset...long duration

Back 14

Chronic infections

Front 15

Infections that are readily transmitted from one host to another.

Back 15

Communicable infections

Front 16

Disease that occurs at a constanly low frequency in a community and are present at low levels all of the time.

Back 16

Endemic

Front 17

A disease that affects a large number of people in a community in a short time will appear with a high level of intensity for a short time.

Back 17

Epidemic

Front 18

World wide epidemic where persons all over the world become infected with the same disease.

Back 18

Pandemic

Front 19

A few persons get the disease at regular intervals.

Back 19

Sporadic

Front 20

Disease or infection not transmitted from one host to another.

Back 20

Non Communicable disease-Tetanus

Front 21

The first infection that host aquires after a state of health

Back 21

Primary Infections

Front 22

The second infections that the host aquires after the state of health.

Back 22

Secondary infection

Front 23

Infections caused by 2+ organisms

Back 23

Mixed Infections

Front 24

Remains confined to an area of infection where pathogens were introduces.

Back 24

Local Infection

Front 25

Moves and spreads through the body of the host during the course of infection.

Back 25

General infection

Front 26

An infection that localizes in one area of the body and then moves to another sight.

Back 26

Focal Infection- tooth Abscess

Front 27

the presence of bacteria in blood

Back 27

Bacteremia

Front 28

a more severe condition where bacteria are in blood for a longer period of time and are growing and reproducing.

Back 28

Septicimia

Front 29

A toxin or poison in the blood usually produced by bacteria.

Back 29

Toxemia

Front 30

The last infection that a host will have and is cause of death.

Back 30

Terminal infection

Front 31

Certain types of poisons are produced by bacteria.

Back 31

Toxins

Front 32

A toxin produced by microorganisms and excreted into its surrounding mediums

Back 32

Exotoxins

Front 33

Toxins released from the bacterial cell only when the cells die.

Back 33

Endotoxins

Front 34

A thick covering of the cell wall of bacteria which reduces or prevents phagocytosis of the bacteria

Back 34

Capsules

Front 35

A thick walled spore within a baterium

Back 35

Endospores

Front 36

Organism causing a disease is directly transmitted from one host to another in a short period of time.

Back 36

Direct Transmissions

Front 37

Involves the generation of droplet spray of contaminated respiratory mucous into the atmosphere

Back 37

Droplet infection

Front 38

Transmission in utero from mother to unborn fetus

Back 38

Congenital

Front 39

Disease indirectly passed from one host to another.

Back 39

Indirect Transmission

Front 40

Examples of direct transmissions

Back 40

Physical contact

Front 41

Indirect transmission

Back 41

Food, milk, water, soil, fomites, vectors

Front 42

Entry transmission examples

Back 42

Skin mucous membranes, respiratory tract, digestive tract, genito urinary tract

Front 43

Exit Transmission examples

Back 43

Feces, urine, semen, vag secretions, sputum, saliva, blood, pus lesions, tears

Front 44

Cardinal signs of inflammation

Back 44

1. local redness of skin

2. Increased local temp

3. local swelling

5. Sensation of pain

6. Loss of function

Front 45

Can be recognized by the immune system and spur the immune system to produce antibodies, which react specifically against antigens that stimulate their formation.

Back 45

Antigens

Front 46

Proteins that are produces by the immune system in response to an antigenic stimulous

Back 46

Antibodies

Front 47

Unchangable immunity, born with it

Back 47

Natural immunity

Front 48

Acquired through vaccination or immunization

Back 48

Aquired Immunity

Front 49

active having the disease and recovering from it

Back 49

Acquired natually- active

Front 50

Placental transfer of antibodies from colostrums,

Back 50

Aquired naturally- passive

Front 51

active vaccines, passive immune serums

Back 51

artificially aquired

Front 52

Coccus shaped cells that form clusters

+/-

Back 52

Staphylococcus- gram positve

Front 53

Coccus shaped cells that form chains

+/-

Back 53

Streptococcus- gram positive

Front 54

Coccus shaped cells that occur in pairs

Back 54

Streptococcus pneumoniae- gram positive

Front 55

coccus shaped cells that occur in pairs

Back 55

Niessieria- Gram negative