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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hormones of Adrenal Cortex
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Mineralcorticoid-Aldosterone
Glucocorticoids-Cortisol |
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Hypofunction of Adrenal Cortex
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Addison disease
Adrenocortical Insufficiency Autoimmune Hypotensive, weakness and fatigue, pigmentation of skin (addison’s tan) Hyponatremia Hyperkalemia Hypoglycemia N/V Diarrhea |
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Hyperfunction of Adrenal Cortex
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Cushing disease
Excessive Glucocorticoid Production Altered fat metabolism leads to “buffalo hump,” “moon face” Muscle weakness Thin extremities Osteoporosis Diabetes mellitus Hirsutism Mild acne Menstrual irregularities Gastric ulcers Striae |
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Hormones of Adrenal Medulla
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Norepinephrine
Causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels, inhibition of the GI tract, increased cardiac activity and dilation of pupils Epinephrine Causes greater cardiac stimulation and metabolic effects, vasoconstriction is less in skeletal muscles, |
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Exces production of catecholemines
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Pheochromocytoma
Hypertension, headache, hyperhidrosis, hypermetabolism, & hyperglycemia |
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Hypothyroidism
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weakness, fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, hair coarse and brittle, loss of lateral one-third of eyebrows, constipation, mental dullness, lethargy, impaired memory, bradycardia, hypoventilation, decreased GI motility, weight gain, nonpitting edema (myxedema)
(severe called myxedema) Congenital – lead to mental retardation, and impaired growth – cretinism Acquired – thyroidectomy, radiation, iodine deficiency, autoimmue disorder (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) |
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Hyperthyroidism
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Graves Disease
Tachycardia, nervousness, irritability, restlessness, hyperthermia, weight loss, heat intolerance, sweating, exophthalmos |
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Diabetes Melitis
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Hyperglycemia
Glucose does NOT cross over muscle and fat membranes like most molecules it needs insulin |
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Normal Insulin Metabolism
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Glucose does NOT cross over muscle and fat membranes like most molecules it needs insulin
Produced by the B cells in the islets of Langherans of the pancreas insulin secretion increases and moves glucose from the blood into the muscle, liver, and fat cells. normal glucose=70 to 120 |
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis
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Hyperglycemia
Dehydration and electrolyte loss Metabolic Acidosis Blood sugar > 250 mg/dL (300 to 800) pH <7.3 Ketonemia – ketones in blood Ketouria – ketones in urine Severe depletion of Na, K, chlorides Kussmaul’s respirations = rapid, deep breathing associated with dyspnea |
