Test 5- Sleep And Rest

Front 1

Sleep provides for 3 things

Back 1

-restorative function
-protein synthesis
-regulated hormone balance

Front 2

_____ is very important in sleep and is thought to lessen the response to sensory stimulation; inhibits a little bit of neural activity.

Back 2

Serotonin

Front 3

As sleep is approaching, the ____ begins to secrete melatonin and the person feels less alert.

Back 3

pineal gland

Front 4

The _____ inhibits transmission and reaction of neurons which we need in order to prevent stimulation from occuring in our brain during RAS.

Back 4

GABA inhibitory neurotransmitter

Front 5

Whlie sleeping ____ is inhibited and ____ is secreted.

Back 5

cortisol
growth hormone

Front 6

NREM sleep occurs when activity in the ____ is inhibited. It constitutes ____% of sleep and consists of ___ stages.

Back 6

RAS
75-80
4

Front 7

Stage ___ of NREM is a very light sleep and lasts only a few minutes. The person feels drowsy and relaxed. Their eyes roll from side to side and HR and R drop slightly. The person can be readily awakened and may deny sleeping.

Back 7

1

Front 8

Durign stage ____ of NREM sleep it is a light sleep that only lasts about 10-15 minutes. Body processes continue to slow down and the eyes are generally still. HR, R, and T decrease. This is ____% of total sleep and requires more intense stimuli to arouse.

Back 8

2
44-55

Front 9

Stages 3 and 4 are also called ____ or ____ sleep. The HR and R drop 20-30% below waking hours. The person is difficult to arouse and skeletal muscles are very relaxed. Reflexes are diminished and snoring is likely to occur. Also, swallowing and saliva production are reduced.

Back 9

delta or deep sleep

Front 10

Stage _____ is essential for restoring energy and releasing important growth hormones int he body.

Back 10

3 and 4

Front 11

During NREM, BP, P and CO _____, peripheral blood vessels _____, skeletal muscles _____, and the BMR decreases ____%.

Back 11

decrease
dilate
relax
10-30

Front 12

_____ occurs about every 90 minutes and lasts 5-10 minutes. This is where most dreams happen and distinctive eye movements occur.

Back 12

REM

Front 13

During REM sleep, ____ are absent, gastric secretions _____, the ___ and ____ are often irregular and regions of the brain associated with learning, thinking, and organizing information are stimulated.

Back 13

deep tendon reflexes
increase
HR and R

Front 14

Newborns need __ hrs sleep.

Back 14

16-18

Front 15

3-6 month olds need ____ hrs of sleep per 24 hours.

Back 15

15

Front 16

Up to 1 year, children need _____ hours of sleep per 24 hours.

Back 16

14-15

Front 17

Toddlers (1-3 years) need ____ hours of sleep per day.

Back 17

13-14

Front 18

Preschool children (3-5yrs) need ____ hours of sleep per day.

Back 18

11-13

Front 19

School age children need ____ hours of sleep per day.

Back 19

10-11

Front 20

Adolescents need ____ hours of sleep per night.

Back 20

9-10

Front 21

Middle/Young adults need ____ hours of sleep per night. The number of arousals start to increase.

Back 21

6-9

Front 22

Older adults need ____ hours of sleep per night. Their Stage ____ sleep is decreased.

Back 22

6-9
4

Front 23

____ interfere with deep sleep and suppress REM.

Back 23

hypnotics

Front 24

____ can cause insomnia and nightmares.

Back 24

Beta-blockers

Front 25

_____ can suppress REM, cause frequent awakenings and drowsiness.

Back 25

Narcotics

Front 26

_____ interefere with REM.

Back 26

Tranquilizers

Front 27

____ suppress REM.

Back 27

Antidepressants

Front 28

Drugs that disrupt REM, delay onset of sleep or decrease sleep time are:

Back 28

-alcohol
-amphetamines
-antidepressants
-beta-blockers
-bronchodilators
-caffeine
-decongestants
-narcotics
-steroids

Front 29

Drugs that may cause excessive daytime sleepiness are:

Back 29

-antidepressants
-antihistamines
-beta-blockers
-narcotics

Front 30

____ is difficulty falling asleep, waking up frequently, or staying asleep.

Back 30

Insomnia

Front 31

Risk factors for Insomnia are:

Back 31

-older age
-female

Front 32

Signs and symptoms of insomnia are:

Back 32

-daytime sleepiness
-difficulty concentrating
-irritability

Front 33

____ is sufficient sleep at night but cannot stay awake during the day. It is usually caused by a medical disorder.

Back 33

Hypersomnia

Front 34

____ is an excitatory protein int he CNS that regulates sleep.

Back 34

Hypocretin

Front 35

_____ is caused by lack of hypocretin in the CNS that regulates sleep. These people have sleep attacks that are sudden and instant REM sleep.

Back 35

Narcolepsy

Front 36

Sleep attacks last ____ minutes.

Back 36

20-30

Front 37

During sleep attacks, a person with narcolepsy may have periods of _____ or loss of muscle tone and control.

Back 37

cataplexy

Front 38

Risk factors for narcolepsy are:

Back 38

-diabetes
-thyroid disorders
-autoimmune disorders
-genetics

Front 39

_____ are periods of frequent short breathing pauses during the night.

Back 39

Sleep apnea

Front 40

Signs and symptoms of sleep apnea are:

Back 40

snoring, frequent awakenings, difficulty falling asleep, morning headaches, memory and cognitive problems, irritability.

Front 41

CPAP stands for

Back 41

continuous positive airway pressure.

Front 42

____ are movements or behaviors that may interfere with of occur during sleep.

Back 42

Parasomnias

Front 43

_____ is sleep walking, it does not happen during REM but during slow wave sleep.

Back 43

Somnambulism

Front 44

____ happen with kids ages 3-6. They are partial awakenings. It is a slow wave sleep disorder.

Back 44

Sleep terrors

Front 45

_____ is bed wetting.

Back 45

Sleep enuresis

Front 46

____ is clenching and grinding the teeth during sleep. It occurs during stage 2 of NREM and is an extrinsic sleep disorder.

Back 46

Bruxism

Front 47

A polysomnography consists of

Back 47

EEG
EMG
EOG
EKG and pulse oximetry