Test 5 Questions Assoc. With Test Bank

Front 1

polyuria-selected associated factors

Back 1

ingestion of fluids containing caffeine or alcohol
prescribed diuretic
presence of thirst, dehydration, and weight loss
history of diabetes,chronic nephritis

Front 2

oliguria, anuria

Back 2

decrease in fluid intake
signs of dehydration
presence of hypotension, shock or heart failure
history of kidney disease
signs of renal failure such as elevated blood ura nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine, edema and hypertension

Front 3

frequency or nocturia

Back 3

pregnancy
increase in fluid intake
uti

Front 4

urgency (urinary)

Back 4

presence of psychological stress
uti
irritation of the trigone and the ureathra

Front 5

dysuria

Back 5

urinary tract inflammation, infection or injury
hesitancy, hemturia, pyuria, and frequency,stricture of the ureathra

Front 6

enureseis

Back 6

family history of enuresis
difficult access to toilet facilities
home stresses

Front 7

incontinence

Back 7

bladder inflammation, cva, spinal cord injury or other disease
difficulties in independent toileting(mobility impairment)
leakage when coughing, laughing or sneezing
cognitive impairment

Front 8

rentention

Back 8

distended bladder on palpation and percussion
associated signs, pubic discomfort, restlessness, frequency and small urine volume, recent ansethesia, recent perineal sugery, presence of perineal swelling, medication prescribed, lack of privacy prostatic hypertrophy, history of indwelling catheter

Front 9

residual urine

Back 9

normally 50-100 ml

Front 10

manual pressure on the bladder

Back 10

crede's manuever

Front 11

bladder trianing

Back 11

requires the client to postpone voiding, larger volumes and longer interval between voiding. every 2 -3 hours. inhibit the urge to void sensation. deepbeather.

Front 12

normal urine

Back 12

1200-1500 mls
straw/amber
faint odor
no microbes
ph 4.5-8
sp. gravity 1.010-1.025
no glucose
no ketones no blood

Front 13

diagnostics

Back 13

bun 7-18
creatinin norms male 0.6-1.2
females 0.5-1.1

Front 14

diagnosing

Back 14

impaired urinary elimination
reflex urinary incontinence
stress urinary incontinence
totla urinary incontinence
urge urinary incontinence
urinary retention

Front 15

radiology prcedures

Back 15

kub-xray, kidney, ureters and bladders
ivp-intravenous pylography
retrograde pyelography contrast medium is injected directly in the kidney pelvis via urethra, bladder and ureters

Front 16

nerogenic bladder

Back 16

impaired neurologic function, does not percieve bladder fullness, unable to control urinary sphicters.
bladder may become flaccid
distended
spastic-with frequent involuntary urination

Front 17

drugs that work on autonomic nervous system that can cause retention

Back 17

antihistamine preparation
antidepressant and antipsychotic, antiparkinsonism drugs, beta blocker, opiods, diurectics

Front 18

common causes of urinary retention

Back 18

bladder over distended. prostatic hypertrophy, surgery, medications, history of indwelling catheter

Front 19

high risk for incontinence

Back 19

uti, surgery, trauma, sexually transmitted diseases, multiple vaginal births, muscoloskeletal disorder, endocrine disorder, neurological disorders

Front 20

physical assessment

Back 20

palpation and percussion of the bladder, examine the urethral meatus, swelling, discharge, inflammation, asess skin and presence of edema.
assess for skin irritation if incontinent, maceration, contact dermatits, eroded skin, candidiasis

Front 21

ketones

Back 21

normally not found in urine, product of fatty acids, evaluate ketoacidosis

Front 22

functional incontinence

Back 22

inability of ususally incontinent person to reach toilet in time

Front 23

over flow urinary incontinence

Back 23

involuntary loss of urine associated with over-distention of bladder

Front 24

reflex incontinence

Back 24

involuntary loss of urine at predictable intervals when a specific bladder volume is reached

Front 25

stress incontinence

Back 25

occurs when there is interabdominal pressure

Front 26

urge incontinence

Back 26

involuntary passage of occuring after a strong sense of urge to void

Front 27

individuals desire to learn and act on the learning

Back 27

compliance

Front 28

behaviorist theory nursing

Back 28

provide sufficient practice time, provide opportunities for to solve problems by trial and error
Select training strategies that avoid distractive information, praise the learner for correct behavior and provide positive feedback at intervals throughout the learning experience
provide role models of desired behavior

Front 29

behaviorist

Back 29

thorndike, pavlov, skinner and Bandura

Front 30

cognitive theorist

Back 30

Piaget, lewin and bloom

Front 31

cognitive learning theory

Back 31

enviroment conducive to learning
positive teacher learner relationship
multi sensory teaching
individual learning styles-adapted to developmental level
individual readiness-social, emotional

Front 32

blooms domains of learning

Back 32

cognitve (knowing comprehending and applying)-Problems: dementia-ability to understand
affective domain (feeling , emotions, attitudes, interest)
Problems: appalled, fear-ask them to share feelings.
Psychomoto domainte

Front 33

nursing cognitism

Back 33

provide a social emotional and physical enviroment conducive to learning.
encourage a positive teacher-learner relationship
select multisensory teaching stategies
recognize personal characteristics how cues are perceived
assess a person's developmental and readiness
select behavioral objectives and teaching strategies that encompass the cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains of learning

Front 34

objectives should be developed by the

Back 34

patient and the nurse

Front 35

the most effective teaching sessions ar

Back 35

15-30 minutes in length

Front 36

begin teaching hospital patient as

Back 36

soon as patient is able and ready

Front 37

guidelines for teaching

Back 37

environment is comfortable free of interuptions.
get patient up in chair is possible, use aids that stimulate all senses.
consider sensory deficits and adjust plan

Front 38

assesing teaching

Back 38

age, patients perceiption of their health problems and concerns, health beliefs and practices, cultural factors, economic, learning style and patients support system.

Front 39

transcultural learning

Back 39

materials in pts langauge, use visual aids, allow more time for questions, use humor very cautiously, do not use slang works. indentify cultural health practices/beliefs

Front 40

average adult in the U.S can't read above

Back 40

the 8th grade level

Front 41

examples of documentation

Back 41

patient demostrates wound cleansing and bandaging by ____________ date
caregiver turns pt. demonstating 30 degree lateral tilt position, explains reason for every two hour turning by discharge.
pt. performs sq insulin injection by _______ date

Front 42

developing teaching plan

Back 42

involve pt. in forming plan, identify pt.s priorities, rank pts. learning needs

Front 43

humanism theory nursing

Back 43

covey empathy in the nurse client relationship
ecourage learner to est. goals and promote self directed learning.
encourage acitve learning by serving as a facilitator, mentor or resource for the learner
use active learning strategies to assist the clients adoption of new behavior.
expose the learning to new relevant information and ask apropriate questions to encourage the learner to seek answers

Front 44

excitement phase

Back 44

both:flush, chest,nipple erection, muscle tension increases
male:erection,glans increase, few drops lubricant,
females: erection clitoris, labia increase size, inner 2/3 of vagina widens, breasts

Front 45

orgasmic

Back 45

resp. increase 40, involuntary spasms, contract anal sphicter, peak rate 180,

Front 46

resolution

Back 46

vasoconstriction, refractory period

Front 47

sex bp

Back 47

systolic 30-80 above normal, dystolic 20-50 above normal

Front 48

heart disease and sexual assessment

Back 48

axious, may restrict, fear m.i., need for education re. sexual activity

Front 49

diabetes millitus and sex

Back 49

men with long term e.d
women orgasmic disfunction, loss of vaginal lubrication, painful intercourse
vascular disease, increased yeast infection, maintain diet control

Front 50

chronic pain

Back 50

decrease sexual motivation, altered positions may be necessary, alternate ways to express sexual stimulation

Front 51

meds that effect sexuality

Back 51

cigarettes, alcohol, alpha blocker, antiaxiety agents, anticonvulsant, antidepressants, antihistamine, antihypertensive, lsd, antipsychotic, barbiturates, beta blockers, cardiotonic, cocaine, diuretic, marijuana, narcotics

Front 52

viagra

Back 52

sildenafil-lasts up to 4 hours

Front 53

levitra

Back 53

vardanfil lasts up to four hours

Front 54

cialis

Back 54

tadalafil lasts up to 36 hours

Front 55

priapism

Back 55

usually very painful, not associated with sexual desire, usually caused by underlying disease, or meds. sickle cell, leukemia, multiple myeloma, anti-depressants and penile injections

Front 56

grieving order

Back 56

not everyone goes through alll these stages.
it does not necessarily have to be experienced in a neat, sequential order

Front 57

G.L. Engel's

Back 57

shock and disbelief(refuses to accept loss), developing awareness(reality begans to set in, anger might transpire), restitution (conducts ritual of mourning), resoving the loss(attempts to deal with void), idealization( devoid undesirable features) and outcome

Front 58

sanders

Back 58

shock (confusion, unreality)
awareness of loss(resume activities, full significance of loss)
conservation/withdrawal(need to be alone, replinish energy, physical and emotional)
healing the turning point(learning to live more independently)
renewal (new self awareness)

Front 59

difference between grief and depression

Back 59

grief emotional rollercoaster, good days and bad days
depression-emptiness and dispair are constant

Front 60

who definition of death

Back 60

heart-lung death
or no response to external stimuli
flat encephlogram for 24 hours
no breathing no reflexes

Front 61

death developmental infant-5

Back 61

doesnt understand concept of death, inactivity as attribute of death, temporary departure, sleep

Front 62

death devel. 5-9

Back 62

understands death is final, believes own death can be avoided,

Front 63

9-12 death development

Back 63

understands death as an envitable end to llife. begins to understand own moratlity as expressed as interest in afterlife or fear of death

Front 64

12-18 death development

Back 64

fears a lingering death, fatasize that death can be defied through reckless behavior.

Front 65

death develpment 18-45

Back 65

religion and culture influence

Front 66

death develpment 65+

Back 66

fears prolonged illness, encounters death

Front 67

physiological needs of a dying person
airway clearance

Back 67

fowler's position-conscious client
throat suction
lateral position
nasal oxygen for hypoxic clients
anticholinergic medication

Front 68

physilogical needs of a dying person
air-hunger

Back 68

open windows
morophine may be indicated

Front 69

physiological needs of a dying person
bathing/hygien

Back 69

frequent baths and linen changes if diaphoretic
mouth care as needed for dry mouth
liberal use of moisturizing creams for dry skin
moisture barrier skin preps for unconscious clients

Front 70

physiological needs of a dying person
nausea

Back 70

antimetics or small amount of alchoholic beverages
to stimulate appetite
encourage liquid food as tolerated

Front 71

physiological needs of a dying person
urinary bowel

Back 71

skin care, bed pan, urinal, call light, absorbent pads, catheritzation

Front 72

physiological needs of a dying person
sensory/perceptual changes

Back 72

find preference light or dark room, hearing is not diminished speak clearly, touch is diminished but client will feel pressure, implement pain management protocol if indicated

Front 73

autopsy discourage in

Back 73

eastern orthodox religions,m muslims, jehovah witness, orthodox jews

Front 74

organ donors prohibited by

Back 74

jehovahs witness, muslims

Front 75

buddhists organ donation

Back 75

an act of mercy

Front 76

crematin discouraged in

Back 76

mormon, eastern orthodox, islamic, roman catholic

Front 77

prolongation of life discourage in

Back 77

christian science, jewish with irriversible brain damage, buddhist

Front 78

assessing end of life care spouse/partner/so

Back 78

have you ever been close to someone who was dying before
what have you been told about what may happen?
Do you have questions?
how would you like to say goodbye?
how are you taking care of yourself during these times?
whom can you turn to for help?
Is there anyone you would like us to contact now or when the death occurs?

Front 79

signs of approaching death

Back 79

less interest in eating or drinking
urinary output may decrease in amount and frequency
patient will sleep more and begin to detach
mental confusion may become apparent
vision and hearing may become impaired
secretions may collect in the back of the throat and rattle or gurgle
breathing may become irregular with periods of apnea
o2 to the brain decreases, the may become restless
pt. may feel hot one moment and cold the next
loss of bladder and bowel control may occur around the time of death
as people approach death, may report seeing gardens or libraries, family or friends.

Front 80

advanced directives

Back 80

aspect of care they wish to recieve if they become unable to make or communicate their preference. nurses need to assess if the family has an accurate understanding of life sustaining measures.
they can always change their mind.

Front 81

autopsy

Back 81

examinatin of the body. performed only in certain cases. consent. spouse, children, parents or siblings

Front 82

cert.of death

Back 82

performed by pcp, a coroner, or nurse.by law must be made out when person dies

Front 83

inquest

Back 83

legal inquiry into cause or manner of death. if it is a result of an accident for exmple, inquest is held to determine any blame. conducted under the jurisdiction of the coronor or medical examiner.

Front 84

organ donation

Back 84

ppl 18 years or older may make a figt of all or any part of their own bodies for eduction, research, advancement of medical,"", science, therapy or transplant. nurse may be witness.

Front 85

constipation s/s

Back 85

abdominal pains, cramp, distention, nausea, vomiting, decreased apetite and headache.

Front 86

causes of constipation

Back 86

poor diet, imaginary constipation, insufficient activity or immobility, poor bowel habits, laxative or enema abuse, travel, hormonal (thyroid) disturbances, hemorrhoikds, disease, loss of body salts, mechanical (stool hardening)compression, nerve damage, medications

Front 87

constipation planning

Back 87

maintain or restore normal bowel elimination pattern, regain soft form stool consistancy, identify usual patterns of bowel elimination, identify factors that alter bowel function, walk for at least 20 minutes.

Front 88

constipation intervention

Back 88

teach pt. what the normal frequency of bowel elimination would be for them.
assist pt, indetermining what dietary and lifestyle improvement may lessen chances for constipation

Front 89

occult blood in urine

Back 89

infection, trauma, kidney disease, stones, tumors eroding the urinary tract or bladder

Front 90

wbcs in urine

Back 90

can be a contaminate of the urine sample
kidney disease or an infection of urinary system.

Front 91

assessment urine

Back 91

normal voiding pattern, frequency, appearance of urine, presence of urinary diversion, factors influencing elimination patern.

Front 92

measuring urinary output normal rate

Back 92

60cc or 1500 cc /day
uo <30 may indicate low blood volume or kidney malfunction