Test #5

Front 1

FR2, FR3, FR4, and FR5 are the schedules for ___________.

Back 1

maintenance

Front 2

A theory that assumes that species-typical consummatory responses involve a particular type of reinforcer is _____________.

Back 2

Primary

Front 3

In the chain of behaviors, FR5 turns into __________.

Back 3

Sd6

Front 4

The critical feature in interval schedules is the ________ of when you make the response.

Back 4

timing

Front 5

____________ are the most salient aspect of shaping human behavior.

Back 5

Schedules of reinforcement

Front 6

Sd1- _______ -Sr1~{leads to} _________.

Back 6

P1, Sd2

Front 7

One way to ensure that the performer doesn't suffer ratio strain is to ________ the schedule of reinforcement out.

Back 7

lean

Front 8

If you get so mad you want to hurt someone else, this is an example of __________.

Back 8

schedule induced aggression

Front 9

_____ is a schedule of used for shaping.

Back 9

FR1

Front 10

__________ are the schedules for stabilization.

Back 10

Variables

Front 11

In the Premack Principle, a _________ frequency behavior is made contingent upon a ___________ frequency behavior.

Back 11

?

Front 12

What schedules of reinforcement are you on when you place a call _________.

Back 12

FR10

Front 13

The stimulus that indicates that the performance will now be reinforced is the ________ stimulus.

Back 13

discriminative

Front 14

In the chain of behaviors, the _______ follows the performance.

Back 14

Sr

Front 15

When the behavior is no longer reinforced it is called ___________.

Back 15

extinction

Front 16

________ _________ are schedules that require a fixed number of behaviors for a single reinforcer.

Back 16

Fixed ratio

Front 17

If a student takes an course in which four exams determine his/her grade and the dates of those exams are listed on a syllabus at the beginning of the semester the student's study habits, if charted on a graph, will most likely be a _________.

Back 17

fixed interval scallop

Front 18

Both fixed ratio and fixed interval have a post reinforcement pause, but it is more notable in __________.

Back 18

fixed ratio

Front 19

The amount of time between responses is the ____________.

Back 19

interresponse time

Front 20

_____________ is reduced sensitivity of the choice behavior to the relative rates of reinforcement.

Back 20

Undermatching

Front 21

The instrumental response occurs in the presence of __________, and results in the delivery of _____________.

Back 21

distinctive stimuli, reinforcer outcome

Front 22

Modern two-process theory assumes that there are two distinct types of learning, _________ and ____________.

Back 22

Pavlonian and instrumental conditioning

Front 23

With response deprivation even a _________-probability response can be used to reinforce a ________-probability response.

Back 23

low, high

Front 24

The instrumental response occurs in the presence of __________, and results in the delivery of _____________.

Back 24

distinctive stimuli, reinforcer outcome

Front 25

Classically conditioned stimuli elicit not only _______ states, but also _______ responses.

Back 25

emotional, overt

Front 26

A law of behavior, _____________, states that the relative rate of responding on an alternative matched the relative rate of reinforcement on that alternative.

Back 26

the matching law

Front 27

________require that the organism respond at a particular rate to get reinforced.

Back 27

Response-rate schedules

Front 28

The subject that shows mostly short IRTs will be responding at a _________ rate.

Back 28

high

Front 29

The interval between one response and the next is called the ___________.

Back 29

interresponse time IRT

Front 30

________ and _________ maintain steady rates of responding.

Back 30

VR, VI

Front 31

The bliss point provides the _________ for the instrumental behavior.

Back 31

motivation

Front 32

__________ is the spice of life.

Back 32

Variety

Front 33

The term _________ refers to making something better.

Back 33

melioration

Front 34

The longer the reinforcer is delayed, the __________ its value.

Back 34

smaller

Front 35

A _______ schedule favors short IRTs, and ___________ schedules favor long IRTs.

Back 35

ratio, interval

Front 36

A __________ is when the shaper requires one performance in the given amount of time or he/she will withold the reinforcer.

Back 36

limited hold

Front 37

A __________ schedule allows for continuous measurement of choice because the organism is free to change back and forth between the response alternatives at any time.

Back 37

concurrent

Front 38

A mechanic who can't tell you how long it will take to fix your car has imposed a __________ schedule on you.

Back 38

VI

Front 39

A subject that favors mostly _________ IRTs will be responding at a low rate.

Back 39

long

Front 40

Different schedules of reinforcement allow for ________________.

Back 40

schedule induced behavior

Front 41

If you are scheduled to see a show at 7pm, and at 7:10pm you begin to chant, "we want show, we want show!" This is an example of ____________.

Back 41

schedule induced behavior

Front 42

Interval schedules are most closely associated with ________, while ratio schedules are most often associated with __________.

Back 42

sense of time, counting and spatial memory

Front 43

The __________ can be identified by the relative frequency of occurrence of all the responses of an organism in an unconstrained situation.

Back 43

behavioral bliss point

Front 44

The __________ theory attributes reinforcement to species typical behavior.

Back 44

consummatory response

Front 45

Three events must be considered in an analysis of instrumental conditioning: 1)_________, 2)___________, 3)____________.

Back 45

the stimulus context, the intrumental response, and the response outcome.`

Front 46

When comparing a variable ratio schehdule, to a fixed ration schedule, a variable ration schedule has a ________ sloping line, more behavior, and more _________ behavior.

Back 46

steeper, consistent

Front 47

_________ and _________ schedules produce high rates of responding just before the delivery of the next reinforcer.

Back 47

FI, FR

Front 48

_________ is when the relative rate of responding is more sensitive to relative rate of reinforcement than what is predicted by perfect matching.

Back 48

Overmatching

Front 49

___________ assume that organisms always chose whichever response alternative is most likely to be reinforced at the time.

Back 49

Molecular theories of maximizing

Front 50

____________ assume that organisms distribute their responses among various alternatives in order to maximize the amount of reinforcement they earn over the long run.

Back 50

Molar theories of maximization