Test 4- Bowel Elimination Lab

Front 1

When taking a stool specimen, the nurse should...

Back 1

-wear gloves
-clarify tests ordered and collection technique required
-provide clean, dry container
-instruct pt to void first and not to place toilet paper in specimen
-take to lab immediately
-label all specimens prior to delivery

Front 2

When getting a stool specimen, have the patient use a _____ and then the nurse can transfer to a specimen cup.

Back 2

urine hat

Front 3

Stool cultures should be taken to the lab immediately because they may be testing for _____.

Back 3

parasites/ova

Front 4

If stool is liquid, _____mL are needed for the specimen.

Back 4

15-30

Front 5

A stool specimen for occult blood is also known as a _____ test.

Back 5

hemoccult/Guaiac

Front 6

Occult blood is _____ and can sometimes only be seen by a microscope.

Back 6

hidden

Front 7

When doing a stool specimen for occult blood the specimen should be taken from

Back 7

different areas of the stool.

Front 8

During stool occult blood testing, the slide will turn ____ if blood is present.

Back 8

blue

Front 9

A False positive occult blood test can result from the patient eating

Back 9

-red meat
-raw vegetables or fruits (radishes, turnips, horseradish, and melons)
-certain meds that irritate the gastric mucosa and cause bleeding (aspirin, NSAIDS, steroids, iron preparations, and anticoagulants

Front 10

A False negative occult blood test can result from the patient taking _____.

Back 10

250mg per day of vitamin C from all sources.

Front 11

The pathway of feces thru the intestines is...

Back 11

ascending colon--> transverse colon--> descending colon--> sigmoid colon--> rectum--> anus

Front 12

_____ is a mass or collection of hardened feces in the folds of the rectum.

Back 12

Fecal impaction

Front 13

The first way to attempt removal of fecal impaction is

Back 13

break up and removal via digital removal.

Front 14

Prior to digital removal of a fecal impaction the _____ of the patient and history of previous _______ should be assessed.

Back 14

heart rate
cardiac disease/dysrhythmias

Front 15

Supplies used for digital removal of a fecal impaction include:

Back 15

-gloves
-lubricant
-bed pan
-wash cloth/towel
-soap and water

Front 16

During fecal impaction removal the _____ may be stimulated causing decreased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, dysrhythmia, etc...

Back 16

vagus nerve

Front 17

An enema bag needs to be hung ______ higher than the rectum. You can lower the bag to administer the enema more slowly if the patient is not tolerating it well.

Back 17

18-24 inches

Front 18

Enemas must be _____.

Back 18

Dr. ordered

Front 19

An ______ is instillation of fluid into the rectum and lower intestine to stimulate defecation.

Back 19

enema

Front 20

A _____ enema is used to clean out the bowel in prep for surgery/scope or because of constipation.

Back 20

cleansing

Front 21

3 types of enemas include:

Back 21

-cleansing
-retention
-return-flow

Front 22

With retention enemas, you want the patient to retain the enema for about ____ minutes in order for them to get the full effect.

Back 22

30

Front 23

3 types of cleansing enemas are:

Back 23

-soap suds
-tap water
-saline

Front 24

A _____ enema consists of 3mL of soap mixed in 1L water.

Back 24

soap suds

Front 25

A _____ enema should be given cautiously because it is a hypotonic solution and fluid can shift.

Back 25

tap water

Front 26

A ______ enema should be given in small volumes- no more than 100/120mL.

Back 26

saline

Front 27

2 types of enemas to be used with caution because of the possible fluid shift are...

Back 27

tap water and saline

Front 28

5 types of retention enemas are:

Back 28

-oil retention
-carminative
-antihelminthics
-medicated
-nutritive

Front 29

A _____ enema is used to soften /lubricate stool to enable it to pass.

Back 29

oil retention

Front 30

A _____ enema helps expel gas when there is abdominal/gaseous distention.

Back 30

carminative

Front 31

A ______ enema is used to eliminate parasites.

Back 31

antihelmintics

Front 32

_____ enemas provide medicines into the bowel.

Back 32

Medicated

Front 33

_____ is a medicated enema that kills bacteria in the bowel system before bowel surgery.

Back 33

Neomycin

Front 34

_____ is a medicated enema that eliminated potassium in the bowel.

Back 34

Kayexalate

Front 35

A _____ enema puts water and nutrients into the mucosa of the LI to be absorbed.

Back 35

nutritive

Front 36

MGW (magnesium, glycerin, and water) is an example of a ______ enema.

Back 36

carminative

Front 37

Harris flush is a _____ enema.

Back 37

return flow

Front 38

A _____ enema relieves gaseous extension without patient having to retain it.

Back 38

return flow

Front 39

With a _____ enema the nurse should allow the bag to flow in and then lower it to allow flow out. Do this 5 or 6 times until relief is achieved.

Back 39

return flow

Front 40

When administering an enema the patient should be placed on their ____ because this is how the anatomy goes.

Back 40

left side

Front 41

Before administering an enema, the solution should be at _____.

Back 41

room temp

Front 42

For low enemas, the patient stays

Back 42

on their left side

Front 43

For a high enema, the patient moves from ____ to ____.

Back 43

left side to right side

Front 44

If enema tubing does not go easy, it may be necessary to _____.

Back 44

insert water

Front 45

Lubricate the tip and gently insert the enema tube into the rectum _____ inches for an adult, _____ inches for a child and ____ inches for an infant.

Back 45

3-4 inches

2-3 inches

1-1.5 inches

Front 46

For a high cleansing enema, the solution is usually held ____ inches above the rectum.

Back 46

12-18 inches

Front 47

Encourage the client to retain cleansing enemas for at least ____ minutes and retention enemas for at least ____ minutes.

Back 47

cleansing 5-10 minutes

retention 30 minutes

Front 48

Before administering enema, assist client to...

Back 48

bedside commode, toilet or bedpan.

Front 49

After bowel evacuation, the nurse should...

Back 49

cleanse client's perineal area and document results.

Front 50

After administering the enema, tell the patient not to...

Back 50

flush what comes out so you can observe and document effectiveness.

Front 51

After giving a patient an enema be sure to tell the patient it may be a couple of days for...

Back 51

stool to form again and before they need to go; don't give additional enemas.