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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What kind of courts are created by Congress under Article III
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constitutional courts
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Which amendment deals with lawsuits filed against states in federal courts
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11th Amendment
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What word refers to the right of a court to hear and decide a case?
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jurisdiction
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What professional interest group has the most influence on the President regarding his choice of a federal judge
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American Bar Association
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How many justices currently serve on the Supreme Court?
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nine
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What case asserted for the Supreme Court the right of judicial review?
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Marbury v. Madison
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Who was the chief justice who ruled in the Marbury v. Madison case?
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John Marshall
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What term describes a statement of an individuals citizen's legal privileges
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bill of rights
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Which amendment states that a person will not be forced to testify against himself in court?
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5th amendment
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Which amendment reserves the powers not delegated to the national government by the Constitution for the states and the people?
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10th amendment
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Assembled to examine evidence to determine whether there is sufficient evidence against the accused to try a case
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grand jury
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assembled to hear a case in court and issue a verdict
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trial jury
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material presented as proof at a trial
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evidence
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the most important tool of the Supreme Court
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[find this]
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the ability to decide whether or not to hear a case
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discretionary review
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states that evidence obtained illegally is not admissible in court
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Exclusionary Rule
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a lawyer's written argument
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brief
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the chief decision maker of the federal judiciary
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[find this]
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the idea that the Supreme Court should go beyond the Constitution to change societal behavior
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judicial activism
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a request that a higher court review the case records and verdict of the lower court
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appeal
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past decisions involving similar cases
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precedent
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the idea that the Supreme Court should interpret and apply the Constitution as it stands written as it was understood by its Framers
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judicial restraint
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the chief decision makers of the federal judiciary
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judges
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an official examination of available evidence in a court of law
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trial
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the most active of the federal judiciary courts
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U.S. District Courts
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the right of the Supreme Court to declare a law, or an action based on that law, unconstitutional
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judicial review
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a petition for the Supreme Court to hear a case
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writ of certiorari
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briefs filed by individuals who are not parties in a particular case but still have an interest in the case's outcome
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amicus curiae
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not a type of judicial opinion issued byt he Supreme Court
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appellate opinion
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Under which chief justice did the Supreme Court adopt the philosophy of judical activism?
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Earl Warren
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What case regarding abortion illustrated radical judicial activism?
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Roe v. Wade
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What all was part of the historical background for the Bill of Rights?
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Mass. Body of Liberties
Virginia Declaration of Rights English Bill of Rights |
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What is guaranteed by the First Amendment?
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Freedom of assembly
Freedom of the press Freedom of speech Freedom of religion |
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to destroy a person's reputation by false writing
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libel
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What law restricts the sale of handguns by requiring a waiting period for the purchase of a handgun
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Volstead Law
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Which amendment states the right to a speedy & public trial?
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6th amendment
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Which amendment abolished slavery?
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13th amendment
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the right of a court to review the ruling of a lower court
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appellate jurisdiction
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the highest court in the land
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Supreme Court
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serves to remind the justices on the Supreme Court that difference of opinion do not make harmony of purpose impossible
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the conference handshake
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the final stage of the Supreme Court's decision-making process
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Opinion Day
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the armed citizenry
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militia
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guarantees the right to keep and bear arms
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Amendment 2
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a special military court where the members of the armed forces are tried
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court-martial
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a written statement issued by a judge which gives a law officer the legal right to search for a particular thing in a specific place
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warrant
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prohibits excessive punishments
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Amendment 8
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prohibits the quartering of soldiers in private homes
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Amendment 3
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guarantees trial by jury in civil cases
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Amendment 7
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the source of federal civil rights legislation
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Amendment 14
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a crime so serious that it is punishable by death
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capital crime
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Which amendment prohibited alcoholic beverages
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Amendment 18
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Which amendment granted women the right to vote
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Amendment 19
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What act established the structure of the federal court system and became the 1st bill ever introduced in the Senate
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Judiciary Act of 1789
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What word refers to past decisions involving similar cases?
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precedents
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on official examination of available evidence in a court of law
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trial
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a jury that actually hears a case in court and decides upon a verdict
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trial jury
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What are the two clauses found in the First Amendment that protect freedom of religion
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establishment clause
free exercise clause |
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the test which has been used by the Supreme Court in establishment clause cases, resulting in increased confusion in rulings on religion
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Lemon Test
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to destroy a person's reputation by verbal lies
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slander
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