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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Silicates |
the largest group of minerals which compose over 90% of the earth's crust |
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Bedrock |
The layer of solid rock below the soil |
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Precious stones |
the rarest most durable and most beautiful minerals |
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Minerals |
substances that are found naturally in the earth and have a crystalline structure |
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Evaporites |
Chemical sediments that result from the evaporation of water |
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limestonea w |
ell known chemical sedimentary rock |
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Humus |
a soil substance composed of decayed organism particles |
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Rocks that have a smooth, glasslike texture |
amorphous |
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What metal is more valuable than gold or silver |
platinum |
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concretions |
hard, round structures that form when minerals settle out of water and crystyalize around a sand grain or other mineral fragment |
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What mineral comes from beryl and is dark green in color? |
Emerald |
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Steel |
a metal mixture of iron and carbon |
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What is created from an alloy of copper and zinc |
Brass |
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long wall |
mining that uses a rotating drum that travels down a long track while grinding coal is |
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faces |
flat surfaces that characterize minerals |
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igneous rock |
a type of rock fromed when magma solidifies |
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sedimentary rock |
type of rock formed when deposits of sand and mineral fragments are cemented together |
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metamorphi rock |
type of rock formed when preexisting rocks are altered by heat or pressure |
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ore |
any mineral that contains a valuable metallic element |
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what branch of geology deals with the identification and classification of minerals |
mineraolgy |
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What common mineral is refined into aluminum? |
bauxite |
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what type of soil contains a mixture of sand, silt, clay and humus? |
loam |
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What is the name of the change of one type of rock into a new type of rock? |
Metamorphosis |
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pedology |
the study of soil |
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what is the hardest naturally occurring known substance |
diamond |
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When mineral remains glowing after being exposed to ultraviolet light and then placed in the dark, it exhibits what? |
phosphorescence |
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quartz |
the most common mineral in the earth's crust |
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What is the most common igneous rock? |
basalt |
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What igneous rock has a smooth, glasslike, texture; known as "Volcanic glass" |
obsidian |
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What is the most common sedimentary rock? |
shale |
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What rock consists of smooth pebbles embedded in hardened sand or clay? |
conglomerate rocks |
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What organic sedimentary rock is also called a fossil fuel? |
coal |
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Luster |
the way that light is reflected from the surface of a mineral crystal. |
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What is the name of layers of sedimentary rock? |
stratum |
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What is another name for a bar of refined gold? |
bullion
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What is an alloy of iron, carbon and nickel or chromium? |
stainless steel |
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What are geometric structures composed of atoms or molecules in an orderly arrangement? |
crystals |
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Streak test |
mineral test that leaves a line of powder on a plate |
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What are the upper layers of the ground stripped away by surface mining? |
overburdening |
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What is the name for a substance that is composed of only one type of aton? |
element |
