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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Paulo Fiere |
Most noted economic reconstructionist who wrote The Padagogy of the Oppressed in effort to educate his countrymen of Brazil and identify and correct problems keeping them in poverty |
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John Goodad 1970s study |
2% of school time is spent in social activities 2-5% in behavior management 20% in routines 74% in instructions The emotional tone of the classroom is flat |
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Turning Point: Educating adolescents in the 21st century |
Report that focused on educational reform needs 3rd wave 3rd wave1 out if 4 adolescents are at risk 1 out if 4 adolescents are at risk and are in serious Jeopardy |
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3 waves of reform |
1. 1982 to present - raise the standards 2. 1986 - Restructure the school 3. 1988 - Comprehensive services |
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1982 to present- raise standards |
Goal: Raise educational quality by requiring more courses and more testing of students and teachers States were to assume leadership in improving existing practice |
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1986- Restructure the school |
Local decision making Creating am really professionally trained, empowered and well-balanced crop of teachers Shifting decision making to the individual school Focused toward studying subjects in greater depth |
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1988- Comprehensive services |
Full service schools |
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Open enrollment |
1988 Minnesota eliminated the requirements that students should attend zoned schools |
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Magnet school |
Idea- draw draw diverse students to schools outside their neighborhood Education program designed around a specific subject /theme |
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Vouchers |
Milton Friedman proposed parents be given a voucher to take to the school of their choice |
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1971 Lemon v Kurtzman (Lemon Test) |
Funds cannot be held to religious doctrine, they must have secular purpose Funds must not primarily advanced or prohibit religion |
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Charter school |
A tax-supported public school that has a legal permission from local or state board to operate for a full fixed period of time with the right to renew if the school is successful Yes Prep |
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EMO's |
Educational Maintenance Organization Manage schools for profit |
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Objective referenced test |
Used to measure a whole group performance |
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Norm referenced test |
Can only measure the relative performance of individuals within a group |
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2/3 Rule |
2/3 of class time is taken up with talk 2/3 of that time is the teacher doing the talking |
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Philip Jackson |
Life in the classrooms 1968 Study the environment by checking and rechecking with other classrooms Compare schools to prisons, mental institutions, and factories |
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Talcott Parson |
Believed educational and career paths were determined very early within tracking |
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Tracking |
Pros: easy to teach similar groups of students Cons: lower class students do not get into high track and groups, the lower track students have fewer learning opportunities |
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Raphaela Best Findings |
1st grade - they rely on their teacher for emotional safety & rule understanding 2nd - girls are still sucking up to the teachers and boys are starting to break away 3rd- boys challenge teachers authority 4th- girls begin to form best friends relationships and break away from teachers There is more cross-race than across-sex communication during the elementary years |
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Single parent families |
Approximately 13 million (more than 1 in 5) children live in single-parent families |
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Latchkey children |
Kids that have their home key around their neck Usually left home alone for 2 hours per day while parents work |
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Allocated time |
Time teacher schedules for a subject |
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Engaged time |
Part of the allocated time in which the students are actively engaged with academic subject matter |
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Academic learning time |
Engaged time with a high success rate |
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Classroom rules |
Rules should be few in numbers, fair and reasonable, and appropriate for student maturation |
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The Pedagogical Cycle |
1. Structure - teacher provides information, direction, amd introduces topic 2. Question - the teacher asks the question 3. Reespond - the student answer the question 4. React- teacher reacts to the response and gives feedback. Teachers initiate 85% of these cycles |
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Bloom Taxonomy |
Level 1- (remembering) yes or no question Level 2- (understanding)1 word answer Level 3- (applying) use of a direction to solve a problem Level 4- (analyzing) use of 3 kinds of cognitive process Level 5- (evaluating) Do you agree, explain type of questions Level 6- (creating) use creative thinking |
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Wait time |
Try to wait 3 to 5 seconds after asking a question More waiting time increases participation of students and better thinking |
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Teacher reaction |
Praise- excellent, good job (used 11%of the time) Acceptance- okay (used 50% of the time) Remediation- try again (used one-third of the time) Criticism- this is a terrible paper (rarely used) |
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Direct teaching |
Teacher presentation of new material followed by directed practice and feedback |
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Cooperative learning |
Works best when the group shares a goal, divides labor, and shares material |
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Mastery learning |
Committed to the credo that all students can learn given the right tools and opportunity to work at their own pace |
