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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tobacco was imported to Europe from ________. Early tobacco use included _________& ________. |
New World; snuff and smoked |
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There are two main different types of Nicotiana: |
Nicotiana tobacum and Nicotiana rustica. In Virginia, N. tobacum grew well and became the colony’s main product in the early 17th century. |
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Attempts at tobacco regulation began as early as |
1604 with King James of England. While he published antitobacco information, he also supported the growth of tobacco in Virginia. |
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In ________, New York made it illegal for women to smoke in public. |
1908 |
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In the ________, reports of health risks of smoking began to appear; a _______ issue of Readers’ Digest featured the article “Cancer by the Carton.” |
1930s and ‘40s 1952 |
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Filtered cigarettes were introduced as? |
safer alternatives to standard cigarettes, but marketed in ways that avoided any indication that original cigarettes were “unsafe.”So-called “safer” cigarettes were filtered and lower in tar, but no cigarette is considered safe. |
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The question of whether the FDA should be allowed to regulate tobacco is complicated by the fact that...... |
there are no claimed benefits of nicotine; however, the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (2009) authorized the FDA to regulate tobacco products in specific ways. |
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There are two different types of smokeless tobacco: |
loose-leaf and moist snuff. |
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Although chewing tobacco may not be as unhealthy as smoking, it still carried the serious risks of |
nicotine dependence, leukoplakia, dental problems, and an increased risk of cancer of the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus. |
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Infants of smokers are at increased risk for |
low birth weight and sudden infant death syndrome. |
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Nicotine is a liquid alkaloid that is |
colorless and volatile; tolerance and dependence develop quickly. |
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When smoked,____ percent of inhaled nicotine is absorbed. |
90 |
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A lethal dose of nicotine is ____, about half the amount in a cigar |
60 mg |
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Is nicotine typically absorbed fast enough to be lethal? |
No |
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Enzymes in the liver help with |
the deactivation of nicotine. |
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The elimination of deactivated nicotine is slowed by |
nicotine itself. |
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Nicotine mimics the effects of |
acetylcholine |
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Beginning smokers experience low-level nicotine poisoning, symptoms include |
nausea, dizziness, and feelings of illness. |
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With acute poisoning, the cause of death is |
suffocation from paralysis of the respiratory muscles. |
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What is the basis for a decrease in hunger after smoking? |
Damage to the taste buds and a slight increase in blood sugar |
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The 1988 Surgeon General’s report concluded that: |
1. Cigarettes and other forms of tobacco are addicting. 2. Nicotine is the drug in tobacco that causes the addiction. 3. The pharmacological and behavioral processes that determine tobacco addiction are similar to those that determine addiction to drugs such as heroin and cocaine. |
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What is recent research is focused on? |
The role of genetic differences in the development of nicotine dependence. |
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Why is quitting smoking so difficult? |
One reason might be the high number of hits a pack-a-day smoker gets—over 50,000 per year. Most smokers can quit for a few days, but 70 to 80 percent will be smoking again within six months. Nicotine replacement products, counseling, and the antidepressant bupropion can all help in smoking cessation. |
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Early Tobacco medical uses? |
Was promoted as a treatment for a wide range of ailments, from headaches to the common cold. |