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168 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-ectomy |
Cutting out or off |
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-Lysis |
Removal or destruction of |
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-Oma |
Tumor |
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-Ostomy |
To furnish with an outlet |
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-Otomy |
Cutting into |
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-Plasty |
Revision, molding, or repair of tissue |
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-Pexy |
Fixation, anchoring in place |
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Anesthesia |
The loss of sensory perception |
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Atelectasis |
Collapsed alveoli |
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Autologous |
Related to self |
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Capnography |
Measurement of inhaled and exhaled carbon dioxide |
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Dehiscence |
Wound separation |
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Description of Palliative |
Performed to relieve symptoms of a disease process, but does not cure |
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Perioperative |
Care of a patient before, during and after surgery |
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Pneumonia |
Inflammation and consolidation in the lungs |
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Prosthesis |
Artificial body part |
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Robotics |
Design of computerized, mechanical instruments |
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Stasis |
Slowing of flow |
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Thrombophlebitis |
Blood clot and inflammation of a vessel |
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Anaphylaxis |
Severe, allergic reaction |
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Atelectasis |
Collapse of alveoli in the lungs |
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Dehiscence |
Disruption or separation of some or all of the layers of the surgical wound |
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Embolus |
A thrombus or clot that travels and lodges elsewhere in the body |
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Evisceration |
When a wound completely separates and the contents of the abdominal cavity protrude through the incision |
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Hematoma |
Blood-filled swelling |
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Malignant hyperthermia (MH) |
A life-threatening complication of general anesthetic agents |
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Paralytic ileus |
Failure of forward movement of bowel contents |
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Pneumonia |
Inflammation and accumulation of exudate in the lungs |
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Purulence |
Pus |
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Seroma |
Serum-filled swelling |
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Thrombophlebitis |
Clot and inflammation in a blood vessel |
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Thrombosis |
Blood clot |
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Aquired immunity |
Develops throughout life |
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Agent |
Any substance capable of producing an effect, whether physical, chemical or biological |
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Communicable infection |
Can be passed from one person to another directly, through touch, or indirectly, by using a contaminated glass |
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Disease |
One possible outcome of an infection |
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Expanded precautions |
Incorporate standard precaution techniques with additional protective actions specific to the organism and location involved |
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Exudate |
Discharge |
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Hand hygiene |
The primary intervention any health care provider can use to control the spread of infection |
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Health care-associated infection (HAI) |
Occurs when a patient is cared for in any kind of health care setting and acquires an infection |
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Host |
An organism in which another, usually parasitic organism, is nourished and harbored |
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Immunity |
The body's ability to 've unaffected by a particular disease or condition |
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Infection |
The presence and growth of pathogenic microorganisms, in a susceptible host, to the extent that tissue damage occurs |
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Inflammation |
An immediate, localized, protective response of the body to any kinds of injury or damage to it's cells or tissues |
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Innate immunity |
Born with/natural |
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Macrophages |
Monocytes that have left the bloodstream ans have migrated into the tissue |
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Multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) |
Caused by inadequate dosages or delays in administration leading to genetic mutation of a pathogen |
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Normal flora |
Microorganisms that normally exist in the body and provide natural immunity against certain infections |
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Pathogen |
Any microorganism capable of producing disease |
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Personal protective equipment (PPE) |
The use of some type of barrier to protect a person from exposure to blood-borne pathogens, body fluids, or other potentially infectious material |
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Personal protective equipment (PPE) |
The use of some type of barrier to protect a person from exposure to blood-borne pathogens, body fluids, or other potentially infectious material |
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Phagocytosis |
A form of innate immunity which is the body's first line of defense at the cellular level |
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Sepsis symptoms |
Include tachycardia, increased cardiac output, tachypnea, fever and elevated WBC count |
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Shedding |
To lose by natural process |
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Standard Precautions |
Designed to prevent the transmission of microorganisms from one patient to another, as well as to protect the health care worker from unnecessary exposure to infection |
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Susceptible |
Lacking resistance |
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Vectors examples |
Mosquitos, fleas, ticks, and flies. Can transmit pathogens through their bites or stings |
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Acute pain |
Of recent onset, lasting less than 6 months |
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Adjuvant |
Medications such as NSAIDs, tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and corticosteroids relieve neuropathic pain |
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Buccal mucosa |
Mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth |
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Chronic pain |
Lasting months or years |
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Endorphins |
Endogenous morphine |
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Epidural |
Space near the base of the spine |
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Intractable pain |
Pain not relieved by normal measures |
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Modulation |
Occurs when neurons in the brain send signals back down the spinal cord unreleased of neurotransmitters |
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Neuropathic pain |
Associated with a dysfunction of the nervous system that involves an abnormality in the processing of sensations |
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Nociceptive pain |
Associated with pain stimuli from either somatic or visceral structures |
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Pain threshold |
The point at which pain is perceived |
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Pain tolerance |
The length of time or the intensity of pain a person with endure before outwardly responding to it |
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Perception |
Occurs when impulses reach the brain and the pain is recognized |
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Phantom pain |
The pain felt in a limb after amputation |
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Placebos |
Substances prescribed that contain no medication |
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Referred pain |
Pain felt in a different part of the body from where it actually originates |
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Transduction |
Begins when tissue damage causes the release of substances that stimulate the nociceptors and initiate the sensation of pain |
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Transmission |
Involves movement if the pain sensation to the spinal cord |
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Mastication |
Chewing |
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Chyme |
Mixture produced from mucus, hydrochloric acid, intrinsic factor, pepsinogen, and gastric to break down food further for absorption |
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Absorption |
The transfer of nutrients from the intestine into the blood |
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Peristalsis |
Wavelike motions of involuntary muscles within the walls of the organs |
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Metabolism |
The sum of Manu physical and chemical processes of the absorbed nutrients |
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Anabolism |
Synthesis of substances needed to build, maintain and repair body tissues |
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Catabolism |
The breakdown of larger molecules into smaller molecules so that energy is available |
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Adhesions |
Bands of scar tissue that bind two anatomical surfaces together that are normally separate |
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Pancreatitis |
Inflammation of the pancreas |
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Ascites |
Fluid in the abdominal cavity |
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Anorexia |
Absence of appetite |
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Flatus |
Gas |
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Bariatric |
Surgery to reduce gastric capacity |
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Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) |
Limits the stomach size, and duodenum and part of the jejunum are bypassed |
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Dumping syndrome |
A group of symptoms caused by too-rapid passage of food through the upper GI tract |
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Stomatitis |
A generalized inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth |
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Dysphagia |
Difficulty in swallowing |
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Dyspepsia |
Heartburn |
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Helicobacter pylori |
A species of gram-negative, microeconomic bacteria that causes gastritis and pylori ulcers |
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Hematemesis |
The vomiting of bright red blood, which indicates an active bleed or blood that has been sitting with gastric juices looks like coffee grounds |
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Melena |
Black, tarry stools with digested blood |
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Vagotomy |
The interruption of inpulses carried by the vagus nerve |
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Anastomosis |
The joining if two hollow organs by suturing the open ends together so that they become one continuous tube |
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Achlorhydria |
Absence if hydrochloric acid |
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Hernia |
Rupture |
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Herniorrhaphy |
A surgical repair of a hernia |
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Hernioplasty |
The repair of a hernia |
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Mucorrhea |
Mucus in the stool |
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Diverticulum |
A small, blind pouch resulting from a protrusion of the mucous membranes if a hollow organ through weakened areas of the organs muscular wall |
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Diverticulosis |
When diverticula are present |
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Diverticulitis |
Occurs when diverticula become inflamed or infected |
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Volvulus |
Twisting of the bowel |
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Intussusception |
Telescoping of one part of the bowel into another |
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Paralytic ileus |
Failure of forward movement of bowel contents |
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Lysed |
Broken apart |
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Peritonitis |
Inflammation of the peritoneum |
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Steatorrhea |
Passage of stool that is bulky, frothy, and foul smelling and usually floats in the toilet |
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Anastomosis |
Attachment of one to the other |
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Hemicolectomy |
Removal of part of the colon |
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Colostomy |
A surgically created opening in the abdomen |
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Colectomy |
The removal of the diseased portion of the colon |
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Ileostomy |
Performed to drain fecal material from the ileum |
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Hemorrhoids |
Varicosities of the veins of the rectum |
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Scleropathy |
Injection of a solution that causes the vessel to dry up and disintegrate |
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Cryotherapy |
Freezing |
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Photocoagulation |
Burning |
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Hemorrhoidectomy |
Using a laser |
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Pilonidal |
Having a nest of hair |
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Cholelithiasis |
Presence of gallstones within the gallbladder or in the biliary tract |
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Choledocholithiasis |
When stones lodge in the common bile duct |
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Cholecystitis |
An inflammation of the gallbladder and is associated with gallstones in 90%-95% of occurrences |
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Jaundice |
Yellow tint to skin ans sclera |
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Biliary colic |
Upper right quadrant pain |
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Cholecystectomy |
Gallbladder removal |
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Hepatitis |
An inflammation of the liver |
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Encephalopathy |
Degeneration or disease of the brain |
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Prodromal stage |
Infected but asymptomatic |
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Ascites |
Abnormal accumulation of serious fluid within the peritoneal cavity |
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Cirrhosis |
A progressive, chronic disease of the liver |
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Palmar erythema |
Redness of the palms that blanches with pressure |
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Caput medusa |
Bluish varicose veins |
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Pruritis |
Itching |
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Spider angiomas |
A form of telangiecyasis with a central elevated red dot the size of a pinhead from which small blood vessels radiate |
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Icterus |
Bile pigmentation of the tissues, membranes, and secretions |
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Paracentesis |
The surgical puncture of a cavity to aspirate fluid |
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Esophageal varices |
Dilated, distorted, engorged blood veins |
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Hematemesis |
Vomiting of bright red blood |
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Asterixis |
Flapping tremors |
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Fetor hepaticus |
Breath with a sweet, fecal odor |
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Pseudocyst |
A sac-like structure that forms on or around the pancreas |
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Ligaments |
Join the bones of a joint together |
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Tendons |
Connective tissues that provide joint movement |
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Cartilage |
A type of connective tissue in which fibers and cells are embedded in a semisolid gel material |
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Ossification |
Replacement of cartilage by more solid bony tissue |
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Crepitation |
Grating sound |
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Orthopedic |
Refers to the function and structure of the musculoskeletal system |
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Kyphosis |
A rounded upper back |
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Contractures |
Shortening of skeletal muscle tissue causing deformity |
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Ankylosis |
Permanent fixation of a joint |
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Isometric exercises |
Involve generating tension between two opposing sets of muscles |
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Sprain |
Partial or complete tearing of the ligaments that hold various bones together to form a joint |
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Dislocation |
The stretching and tearing of ligaments around a joint with complete displacement of a bone |
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Subluxation |
A partial dislocation |
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Fracture |
A break or interruption in the continuity of a bone |
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Osteoporosis |
Metabolic bone disorder that causes a decrease in bone mass |
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Osteomyelitis |
A bacterial infection of the bone |
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Nonunion |
Failure to heal |
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Compartment syndrome |
A restriction of blood flow that occurs in one or more muscle compartments of the extremities |
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Bivalved |
Split through all layers of the material |
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Fasciotomy |
Linear incision in the fascia down the extremity |
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Orthoses |
Casts, braves or splints |
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Arthroplasty |
Joint replacement |
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Osteopenia |
Low bone mass |
