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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Beringia
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Land bridge created during the ice age over 1000 miles wide. Created 14000 years ago
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Population before Columbus
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1 - 26 million people
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Why Explore
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Colonization, reconquista, economic development, scientific and technological advances, spirit of adventure
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sugar growing areas
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Slaves grew sugar, began in 11th century, began in the levant, only for the wealthy, moved west to cyprus and then to sicily, large scale plantations, overseers were in charge
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Requermiento
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In 1492 Spain pushed the final moors south. when grenada falls they allow columbus to sail in order to thank god. Read a religious document in latin that said convert or be killed.
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adelantado
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government gave people permission to go to war and they received a portion of the wealth and land.
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Prince Henry
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The navigator, was part of the order of christ. dedicated wealth and fortune to spreading the gospel.
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Constantinople
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1453 (christian) fell to the ottoman empire. after that slaves were found in africa at first the were the slavs, because they were easter orthodox christians who did not follow the pope.
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scientific and technological advances
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printing press, compasses improved, hour glasses improved (speed), still could not measure longitude, caravel.
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caravel
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lateen rigging - triangular sail which was more efficient for lighter wind
Also required smaller crews and could carry more supplies |
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Spirit of Adventure
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Black Death (1348) killed 1 of 3 europeans which caused people to take more risks.
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map of mundi
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1350 jerusulem was center of the world and east was top. was a representation of christ to the world.
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Ptolomeic World Map
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1414 north is up and its not just atheological representation and it was more scientific
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Conquest of Tenochtitlan
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1519 general cortez
found the aztec empire and was welcomed in but then kicked out in 1520. 1521 he returns and destroys the city. |
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Fernando De Soto
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1539 lands in florida and travels all the way to the mississippi river and dies. 250 survivors sail down the miss. to cuba and return home. disease was spread. hunted indians with dogs and shit. failed conquest.
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The fall of the natives
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60 to 70 million people living in the americas in 1500. some people thought the europeans were gods. natives were not unified. does take them centuries to conquer.
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Small Pox
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disease was the key for europeans to conquer the americas. 1518-1525 it killed millions. some believe that it spread throughout the americas.
horrifying disease. 50% to 70% mortality rate. |
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why so deadly?
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Virgin soil epidemics - populations had never before been exposed and the europeans had built up immunity over time. small pox can only be caught once.
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Effects
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90% of population in americas were killed by disease. loss of military, culture, communities, faith. confused and demoralized and infrastructure begins to collapse.
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Black Legend
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belief that the spanish were cruel and tyrannical and that the british were trying to help the native americas. proved wrong in 1960.
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coronado
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1540 - 1542 was looking for wealth in the plains. 300 spanish-1000 indians-1500 horses. found pueblos and raped the women. destroys 13 villages. guide leads him northeast but finds nothing and kills him.
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St. Augustine
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1565 first european settlement founded.
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Spanish North America
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Searching for gold. convert indians and protect treasure fleet. enforced encomienda onto indians. forced marriages.
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