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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are basic concepts of the environment? (3) |
No standard definition Not used consistently across Canada Word must be interpreted in the context its used |
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Define Pollution (2) |
Socially defined phenomenon Doesn’t exist until a person says it does |
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Describe ecosystem (3) |
Constantly changing complex of living things and their non-living environment Interacting as a functional unit Interconnectedness |
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Name three types of bio diversity: |
Ecological Species Genetic |
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What are the differences between polluters pay principle vs. precautionary principle |
If you create the pollution you should bare the consequence Vs. Use preventative action Shifts onus to those who are impacting the environment |
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What is the unsettled state of the law in regard to sperm donation? |
Varies from province to province No established law Danger of harm to child vs right of the father |
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What is the key word in regard to sperm donation? |
Consequence; courts want people to be held responsible. If you want to limit your liability do it by contract.
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Traditional Characteristics of a minority? |
- Subordinate -Traits -Self-Conscious -Membership -Marry |
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Characteristics of a Minority (modern)? |
Identifiable Lack of Power Different treatment Have group awareness |
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Discrimination (key points)- Stigmata |
Characteristic that you can be identified by. Diffferent than others. Eg. Mother tongue, colour, place of birth/nationality. |
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Discrimination (key points) Life Cycle |
Biological basis for discrimination. Eg. Gender, age, disability. |
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Discrimination (key points) Life Style |
Something you choose to have & can cause discrimination. Eg. Drug/alcohol addictions, unpopular political opinions, homelessness. |
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What are the concepts affecting minorities?Ethnocentrism
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Tendency to view others & culture from your own perspective.
Eg. We vs. they view/ us vs. them. |
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What are the concepts affecting minorities?Prejudice
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Prejudgment based on emotion without any actual knowledge & assumptions towards a group.
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What are the concepts affecting minorities?Stereotype
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Labeling a group to have the same tendencies & characteristics based on no knowledge/facts
Eg. All white girls drink Starbucks. |
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What are the concepts affecting minorities?Social Stratification
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Layered structuring of society that ranks people in terms of characteristics such as jobs, wealth, power, and social background
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What are the concepts affecting minorities?Stigmatization
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Dehumanizing a group based on their shared characteristics.
Eg. Hitler killing sick & elderly. |
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What are the concepts affecting minorities?Systemic Racism
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Way institutions operate so different races have different outcomes.
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What are the concepts affecting minorities?Multiculturalism
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Racial & cultural diversity is a powerful tool for making Canada stronger.
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What are forms of Racial Discrimination? Most Obvious |
Apartheid Policy or system of segregation or discrimination (race) Genocide Killing of large group of people |
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What are forms of Racial Discrimination? Subtle |
Where people are prevented from same rights |
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Describe Racism against the Law. |
Hatred prohibited if it’s directed based on colour, race, and religion. |
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Whats the Mythology of Canadian Racelessness
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Racial Distinctions
Racial Laws Barriers based on race |
How is Canada's system racist?
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Describe Criminal Behaviour of discrimination
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Harassment
Assault Damage to property |
Criminal code actions
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Rights equal? |
obligations One can’t be without the other
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Rights are ? |
Entitlements
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Types of Rights
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Legal Rights
Basis- law, defined as a rule Moral Rights Non-legal, people should but don’t need to respect Human Rights Non-enforceable, based on moral principles |
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Why are Right defeasible?
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Non absolute
Can be over-written, by other rights/considerations can be defeated |
Why are rights not always set in stone?
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What are the Importance of Rights?
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They create a presumption that you can do or refuse to do something.
State must prove there is a need to take your right. |
Presumption, state
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Key points of group rights? |
All members possess rights from being in the group.
Not universal because not everyone is a member of the same group. |
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Types of Group Rights?
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Special Rights
Rights held by the group itself |
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Member Rights vs. Group Rights
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Concerns of liberalism
Liberals reject rights of a group to power over an individual if those rights allow the group to gain a certain position. Minorities assume position of a majority Eg. Reserves |
Liberals
Reserves |
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You have freedom from discrimination in regards to these situations?
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Services
Accommodation Contracts Employment |
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What is Civil Disobedience? |
Public, non-violent act opposite to law for the purpose of change in law or policy |
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What is a Common Element of Civil Disobedience? |
An offence against authority committed for a higher cause. |
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Why is Civil Disobedience Unique?
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Good Motive
Different than terrorism |
How is it different from the law? 2
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Types of Civil Disobedience? |
Conscientious invasion People don’t want to be caught.
Conscientious refused People turn themselves in. |
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What is Characteristics of Civil Disobedience? |
Public
Non-violent |
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What are types of deliberate unlawfulness? |
Direct Indirect Conscientious Moral Dilemma |
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What is the Moral Dilemma Associated with Social Disobedience?
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Everybody has their own unique reason for disobeying the law.
If you allow people to disobey the laws they found offensive there would be chaos. |
What would happen if people didn't have to follow moral laws?
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What have Canadian laws been historically based on? |
Teaching of Jews and Christians |
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What are 3 examples of Community Morality?
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India and Pakistan (1947)
Rwanda (1994) Belgium |
Places
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What is the need for an established morality? |
Countries have been destroyed within more than abroad.
When you lose the community standard, you run the risk of breaking up at a national level. |
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What are the limits on enforcement of moral judgment? |
No country can come to an agreement on the enforcement of all of it’s moral principles.
Consequence- laws today are based on the moral attitudes of a majority. |
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What should be tolerated in a society? |
Every society needs it’s citizens to be intolerant, indignant, and disgusted by some activities and that disgust should be seen in the law. (Necrophilia, Bestiality) |
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What is Community Tolerance? |
Standard of community tolerance will determine when some laws will be prosecuted when in other communities they won’t be. |
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What is the Objective Harm Test?
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conduct at issue must cause actual harm Threaten to undermine a value which is in our constitution Undermining a value can take place in the following ways: Confronting the members of the public with conduct that interferes with their autonomy. Predisposes others to anti-social behaviours Causes physical or psychological harm to those involved in the conduct. |
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What is Black Letter Law? |
Consent cannot be given by: Someone who is intoxicated Unconscious Or someone who is incapable to give consent Consent is not to be freely given if: Threat to personal safety Threat to harm others. |
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What is the age of consent? |
Under the age of 18 cannot consent to anal sex Under the age of 18 cannot consent to person older than them 12 & 13 year olds may consent to sex with a 14 – 15 year old (limit of 2 years older than them) |
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