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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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**EXPLAIN THE THE NATURE VS NURTURE DEBATE. GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF A CHARACTERISTIC AND HOW (THE DEGREE TO WHICH) IT IS INFLUENCED BY NATURE AND NURTURE.
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Nature is the genetics, what you were born with, Nurture is what you learn EX: Political Opinion is Nurture, because you were not born watching the debate and making a decision. |
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Effect of teratogens during pregnancy
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-Environmental factors, such as maternal stress, viruses or drugs, that can negatively impact fetal development
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Primary vs secondary sex characteristics in adolescence
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Primary is the inside (Hormones) Secondary is the outside (Breast) |
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aspects of Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory:
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Sensorimotor: babies learn about world through senses Preoperational: mentally represent not mentally operate Concrete operational:perform mental operations with concrete materials Formal Operational: |
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Assimilation and accommodation
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-The process of interpreting new information in terms of what we already know. -The process of adjusting a pre existing schema to comport with new information. |
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egocentrism
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-A young child’s difficulty perceiving things from another individual’s point of view, resulting in the assumption that everyone else sees, hears and feels exactly as they do
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Lev Vygotsky
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-Cognition develops through interaction with the social environment rather than the physical -Adults interacting with children can help them learn
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Schema as it relates to stranger anxiety
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-Anxiety born of an infant’s inability to assimilate people (strangers) into the caregiver schema, beginning at approximately at 8 months of age.
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attachment
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-Secure Attachment When infants play happily and readily explore new environments in the presence of their mother -Insecure Attachmentwhen infants demonstrate behavior marked by anxiety, avoidance, or a combination of both in regard to relationships |
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Parenting styles
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how caregivers impart beliefs and standards of behavior to their children
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Responsiveness
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refers to warmth, or to what extent parents respond to their children’s needs and wants
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Demandingness
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refers to the extent to which parents expect obedience and responsible behavior, regardless of how their children may feel about it
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Authoritarian
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-Authoritarian parents impose strict rules and expect absolute obedience
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Permissive
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Permissive parents often have few rules, or are lax in imposing them, and do not expect obedience
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Temperament
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personality characteristics that are made evident shortly after birth relating to emotional reactivity and intensity.
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Definition of Psychology
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The scientific study of individual behavior and influencing factors
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