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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Siddharta Gautama |
Prophesied to be great ruler or holy man at birth. Known today as "the Buddha." |
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What Buddha had to see to become holy man |
Sick person, old person, aescetic, and corpse |
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Buddhas journey into city |
At age 29, he wanted to leave the palace and see the city. His father tried to clean it up, but he saw the 4 things anyway, so he left the palace to discover why there was suffering. |
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Buddhas years of asceticism |
Went through 6 years of self denial |
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Buddhas paradox |
He could either die of starvation or continue to gain enlightenment by eating to stay alive but break his vow in doing so. |
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Bodhi Tree |
Fig tree that Buddha sat under until he gained enlightenment |
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How many incarnations did the buddha go through |
551 |
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Buddha's death |
Eating spoiled meat that he knew was spoiled but didn't want to refuse because of rudeness. He preached for 45 years before his death. |
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Buddhas successor |
He had none. His teachings were supposed to succeed him. |
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Enlightenment in Buddhism |
Anyone can achieve enlightenment and there is more than one way to do so. Very vaguely, be righteous. His last words were "seek out your own salvation" |
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Nature of God |
Don't involve God's in your life if they exist. They wont get you anywhere. |
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Goals in Buddhism |
1. Reach "Buddha status" by purification 2. Overcome misery of the world |
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Reincarnation in Buddhism |
A true belief but worthless to focus on. |
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Hell in Buddhism |
Only some believe in it, and it isn't a permanent residence |
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Theravada Buddhism |
means way of the elders. Much less attractive
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Mahayana Buddhism |
Means "the greater wheel". Way more popular and liberal. You can get out of the wheel without being ascetic
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Tibetan Buddhism
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Means thunderbolt. Strong emphasis on yoga. They have you focus on good things so your thoughts cant be bad.
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Extremism in Buddhism |
Any form of extremism is wrong. They should follow the eightfold middle path |
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All buddhists follow these guidelines |
no killing, stealing, immorality, lying, partaking of alchohol |
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Buddhist monks follow extra guidelines including: |
No eating between meals, no secular entertainment, no adorning of body, no high or wide beds, no accepting of money (being a monk is usually lifelong) |
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Buildings |
There are pieces of the Buddhas in churches |
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Worship Services |
Some meditation and some prayer |
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Symbols in Buddhism |
Lotus, mudras, statues, Mandalas, Mantras |
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Authority in Buddhism |
Study monks are the initiates who do grunt work. Meditation monks are teachers but they do also meditiate. |
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Dahli Lahma |
Cornerstone of Tibetan Buddhism. As soon as he dies, he is immediately reborn. |
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Women in Buddhism |
Terravada considers them distracting Mahayana considers them postive because of filial piety Tibetan considers them equal |
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Four noble truths of Buddhism |
Life is suffering/painful Suffering is caused by selfishness and desire Those things can be eliminated Eightfold middle path leads to extinction of suffering |
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Death |
After death a light appears 4 days later. If you go into it, you've reached nirvana |
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Skandha |
Buddhism. Body, perceptions, feelings, subconcious and reasoning. A temporary soul |
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Confucious |
His family was wealthy until his father died, then he lived in poverty. He was ugly and tall, and believed eductation was only important to make you a better person. "Confucian gentleman" |
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Six Arts of Confucionism |
Changes, Poetry, History, Rituals, Music, Spring and Autumn Annals (government) |
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Confucian soteriology |
propogating world peace by becoming a confucian gentleman |
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5 Cardinal Virtues of Confucianism |
Proper relationship, Sense of Duty, Proper social conduct, Wisdom and application, loyalty to your words (all are parts of a tree) |
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Hsiao |
Filial piety |
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Cheng Ming |
Linguistic ettiquete in confucianism |
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Shinto means |
"way of the gods"
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History of Shinto |
No creator, oldest religion in Japan (600 BC) |
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Parent Gods of Shinto |
Izinagi and Izinami |
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Child Gods of Shinto |
Amaterasu (Sun goddess) and Susano (water god) |
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Kami |
Deified powers of nature, ancestors, prominent people may be kami If they are happy, they will bless you, otherwise, they may curse you |
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Kamikaze |
"divine wind" |
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Texts of Shinto |
The record of ancient matters The chronicals of Japan (The religion is more of patriotism than a religion) |
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Worship in Shinto |
Purification of people and land People do ritual washings before conversing with kami Prayers are thought to the kami |
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Tori Gate |
"you are entering a place with kami" This shrine is holy |
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Holidays of Shinto |
Matsuri are festivals to please the kami |
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Women in Shinto |
Because Amaterasu is a main Goddess, women are very important |
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Bushido |
Warrior ethics (die for you country, duty before desire, honesty more important than preservation, politeness, reservation, honor, allegiance) |
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Islam means |
"the religion of peace" |
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Islam beginnings |
Arabian peninsula in 700 ad, though they believe it began with Adam |
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Mohammud |
Parents died when he was young, he's illiterate He's described as wise, happy, optimistic, and a great guy |
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Miracles at Mohammad's birth |
Light from his mothers womb Birds with stones stopped an invading army |
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"Night of Power" |
Gabriel comes to Mohammad and takes him on a tour to meet old prophets. |
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"Night of Journey and Ascension" |
Mohammad sees God |
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Nature of God in Islam |
Very Monotheistic (Allah means "The God") God isn't anthropomorphic He has 99 names to reveal His personality Has no needs and in control of everything |
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Islam means |
"surrender" or "submission to the will of god" |
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Soteriology in Islam |
purpose of life is to obey God's commandments, and the nature of heaven is unknowable. Nature of hell is lots of boiling water. |
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Quran |
"Recitation" Allah wrote it, not Mohammad. |
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5 Pillars of Islam |
Witness of the Faith, prayer, almsgiving, pilgramidge to mecca, fasting |
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Rites in Islam |
Motives are important. Birth, initiation, marriage, death |
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Ramadan |
Most important holiday in Islam, Celebrates Mohammads divine call. They fast all month and read the entire Quran during that time. There is feasting and gathering every night. |
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Symbols in Islam |
Crescent and star (dawning of a righteous era) Washing(refocuses mind and heart on God) Bowing to Mecca **Allah isn't anthropomorphic and, as such, is never depicted** |
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Dietary restrictions in islam |
Don't eat pork. Jews had kosher because they needed additional rules |
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Messengers vs prophets in islam |
Messengers reveal scripture Prophets teach about God |
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Jesus in Islam |
Last messenger before the apostasy. He did perform miracles, and didn't die, but was instead raised up unto God |
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Jinn |
In islam, they are bad fallen angels. Satan is one of them |
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Jihad |
Struggle or striving. Used today sometimes for terrorist acts; Quran condemns violence unless threatened. |
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Denominations of Islam |
Sunnies (Leaders are elected) Shiites (Leaders come through lineage) |
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Abu Bakr |
First Khalifa in Islam. Mohammads father in law |
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Immam |
Islam leadership position In Sunni they are prayer leaders and there are lots In Shiite, they are more exclusive and powerful |
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Sufi |
Not denomination of Islam A mystical sect. They they heaven is like nirvana |
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Sikhism means |
"one who is disciplined" |
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Guru Nanak |
Host of Dieties at his birth He tried to resolve conflicts in other religions Likes philosophy instead of playing as a child |
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Guru Nanak's vision |
Went underwater in a river for 3 days. His life's goals are commisioned |
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Missionary work in Sikhism |
They dont proselyte because they dont believe other religions will go to hell |
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Worship services in Sikhism |
Lots of hymn singing |
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Nature of God in Sikhism |
Gurus help us get back to God God is ultimate Guru He created all things He cares about us but is unknowable |
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Soteriology in Sikhism |
Overcome the natural man Die in all things of this world |
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The 3 S's in Sikhism |
Meditation (Simran) Service (Seva) Guidance by a teacher (Sangat) |
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Heaven in Sikhism |
More important to gain heavenly state while on earth, heaven itself isn't super important in religion |
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Scripture in Sikhism |
Guru Granth is 11th guru and has the spirit of the guru in it. |
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Guru Granth |
Read by opening randomly and reading from top left corner |
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Sacred Clothing in Sikhism |
Kesh (not cutting hair or beard) Kanga(comb that holds hair) Kachh (pants) Kara (metal bracelet) Kirpan (dagger) |
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Golden Temple |
In Sikhism, just like other churches. Above healing water |
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Symbols in Sikhism |
Guru Granth and 5 K's |
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Dietary restrictions in Sikhism |
No tobacco or alchohol |
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Khalsa |
Started with 5 people who were willing to die for their faith |
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Catholocism purpose |
Unify fractured churches |
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Protestantism purpose |
Internal Reform of Catholic churches |
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John Wycliff |
Thought righteous people should own a Bible |
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Nature of God |
1 God in 3 persons (trinity). Trinity is like an egg and incomprehensible |
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Holy Ghost |
Subordinate to the father only in orthodoxy Subordinate to father and son in catholic |
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Council of Nicea |
Trinity is created and people think it means psychological modalism which was decreed as heresy by catholics |
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"Of same substance" (christian) |
Means of same nature, not matter (they are divine) |
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Atonement |
Catholics: for everyone Orthodoxy: no official position Protestantism: only for christian professors |
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Scripture in Christianity |
Catholics and Orthodox use bible and apocrypha Protestants use mostly new testiment |
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Sacraments |
Baptism, confirmation, Eucharist, penance, unction, holy orders, matrimony (only first 4 are salvific) |
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Lords supper |
Catholic: Transubstantiation Orthodox: Strict Metousiosis (Transubstantiation) Protestant: Consubstantiation (power of God in emblems, but emblems dont change) |
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Chi Rho |
early symbol for Christianity |
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Symbol for Christianity |
Crucifix w/ dead Christ (Catholic) Crucifix w/ alive Christ (Orthodox) Cross without christ (Protestant) |
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Genuflection |
Going down on one knee and doing sign of cross |
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Authority in Christian |
Catholic: Apostolic succession through bishops Orthodox: Same line as Catholics until 1064 Protestant: Priesthood of all believers |
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Saints in Christianity |
Saints are intercessory in Catholic church Saints should be emulated in Orthodox |
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Judgement Day in Christian church |
Catholic and Orthodox: works allow us access to grace. We must be obedient. Protestant: Grace is everything all by itself |
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Pope |
Presiding authority in Catholic church |
