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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are four factors that affect increases in Base Metabolic Rate? (BMR)
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Lean body mass, Tall, young and male.
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What are the parameters of %IBW? (Ideal Body Weight)
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Underweight < 90% of IBW
Normal weight: 90-119% of IBW Overweight > 120% of IBW |
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What are the % body fat recommendations for men and women?
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Men is 8-18%
Women is 20-32% |
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How man kcals = 1 lb. of weight?
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3500 kcals = 1 lb
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Which body shape is most susceptible to health risks?
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Apple
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Name four health risks related to being underweight.
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Malnutrition
decreased immune function Infertility Osteoporosis |
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Name four health risks related to being overweight.
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Heart disease
Diabetes Cancer High BP |
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Explain characteristics of fat cells.
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Fat cells increase in size and number;
decrease in size but do not decrease in number. |
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What is a 25% factor in being overweight?
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Genetics
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What is Lipoprotein Lipase?
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An enzyme that promotes (increases) fat storage in fat cells and muscle cells.
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What is Leptin?
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A hormone produced by fat cells that suppresses the appetite and increases energy expenditure.
Controlled by ob gene. |
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Name a feature a fad diet would have and a hypothetical example.
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No long term plans. A diet solicited as making you lose 10 pounds in one month then says nothing else about what to do from there.
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Name three polysaccharide
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Starch, Glycogen and fiber
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Name three general benefits/functions of dietary fiber.
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Gastrointestinal health
Weight management Decreased risk for chronic diseases |
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Name three effects of excessive fiber intake.
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Displace/eliminate nutrients
Cause distenstion/discomfort or constipation Cause dehydration |
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What is the recommended amount of dietary intake per day.
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25-35 grams
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Identify major sources of dietary fiber.
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Cereals, whole grain, oat , bran 100% wheat products, fruits w/ skins/peels, legumes, soups etc.
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Explain the effects of insulin and glucagon on blood sugar.
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Insulin lowers blood glucose.
Glucagon raises blood glucose. |
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Explain the process of gluconeogenesis.
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Gluconeogenesis makes glucose from non-carbohydrate source which is protein. It produces 'new' glucose from amino acids.
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Name one difference between Type 1 & 2 diabetes.
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Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune diesease while type 2 is primarliy caused by obesity.
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What are trans fatty acids?
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Trans fatty acids are unsaturated to saturated and lower good cholesterol and increase bad.
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What is the source of trans fatty acid?
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Deep-fried foods and processed foods.
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Hydrogenation is associated with Trans fatty acids- What is it?
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An addition of H atoms to unsaturated fatty acids.
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Avacado is a fat food source for what?
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Monounsaturated Fat
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Olive oil is a fat food source for what?
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Monounsaturated Fat
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Margarine is a fat food source for what?
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Polyunsaturated Fat
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Pumpkin seeds are fat food sources for what?
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Polyunsaturated Fat
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Bacon is a fat food source for what?
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Saturated fat
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Butter is a fat food source for what?
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Saturated fat
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What is the function of Omega 3?
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Essential for normal brain growth, decreases inflammatory response, blood pressure and triglyceride levels.
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What is the function of Omega 6?
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Assists in immune response, blood clotting, blood pressure, muscle contraction and relaxation.
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What is the recommended percent of total calories from fat?
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Less than 30%
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Name one health effect of elevated lipids and explain.
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Cancer because fat is cancer promoting.
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Name the roles of proteins.
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Contribute to cell growth, repair and maintence
enzymes hormones maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. Assist in acid-base balance Transporters antibodies Serve as energy source most satiating nutrient |
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What are the recommendations of Protein RDA?
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.8g per kg of body weight
10-35% of total kcal intake. |
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Name the way complimentary proteins are attached.
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Dairy Products- Grains- Legumes- Nuts/Seeds.
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What is the reference protein?
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EGG
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Name one feature that differs between Kwashiorkor and Marasmus.
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Kwashiorkor patients have edema resulting in distention of the belly and Marasmus patients have anemia.
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Name the actions of soluble fiber.
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Slows gastrointestinal transit, holds moisture in stools, slows glucose absorption and lowers cholesterol.
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Name the action of insoluble fiber.
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Accelerate gastrointestinal transit and provides a feeling of fullness.
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