Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
anisogamy
|
a situation when there is a large difference in gamete size
|
|
neocortex
|
high-order thinking
|
|
romantic love
|
fundamental human drive; focuses attention on one individual at a time
|
|
limbic brain
|
emotions
|
|
lust
|
craving for sexual gratification
|
|
brain stem
|
survival
|
|
attachment love
|
feeling of calm, peace, security, as for long-term mate
|
|
reptilian brain
|
brain stem
|
|
"natural upper" neurochemicals
|
dopamine, norepinephrine/epinephrine
|
|
mammalian brain
|
midbrain/limbic brain
|
|
thinking/reasoning brain
|
neocortex/frontal cortex
|
|
calm neurochemical
|
serotonin
|
|
neurochemicals that produce adrenalin
|
norepinephrine/epinephrine
|
|
neurochemical associated w/ addication
|
dopamine
|
|
caudate nucleus
|
reward system
|
|
calm neurochemical
|
serotonin
|
|
neurochemicals that produce adrenalin
|
norepinephrine/epinephrine
|
|
neurochemical associated w/ addication
|
dopamine
|
|
caudate nucleus
|
reward system
|
|
neurochemicals that produce adrenalin
|
norepinephrine/epinephrine
|
|
mother lode for dopamine making cells
|
VTA (ventral tegmental area)
|
|
site where memories are stored during attachment love
|
anterior cingulate gyrus
|
|
cuddle chemical/cuddling hormone
|
oxytocin
|
|
endocrine system uses
|
hormones and endocrine glands
|
|
reproductive hormones
|
hormones that affect the reproductive organs and bring about the secondary sex characteristics
|
|
hormones
|
chemical signals that have powerful effects on other glands and tissues because they stimulate their metabolism in a particular way
|
|
steroid hormones
|
soluble in plasma membrane, so they can cross the membranes and enter a cell
|
|
peptide hormones
|
not soluble in the plasma membrane, so they can't pass through
|
|
pheromones
|
chemical signals that act at a distance between individuals, particularly members of the opposite sex
|
|
hypothalamus
|
a region of the brain that has many effects on the body
|
|
posterior pituitary
|
stores antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin
|
|
positive feedback mechanism
|
controls the release of oxytocin from the posterior pituitary
|
|
anterior pituitary
|
secretes hormones, including growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL)
|
|
growth hormone (GH)
|
promotes cell division, protein synthesis, and bone growth
|
|
prolactin (PRL)
|
causes mammary glands in the breasts to develop and produce milk
|
|
thyroid gland
|
releases hormones that don't have a specific target organ, but stimulate most of the cells in the body to metabolize at a faster rate
|
|
andrenal cortex
|
secretes a small amount of male sex hormone and female sex hormone in both sexes
|
|
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
|
stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete gonadotropic hormones, which are follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)
|
|
gonadotropic hormones
|
stimulate gonads to produce gametes and sex hormones
|
|
gonads
|
testes in males and ovaries in females
|
|
androgens
|
male sex hormones (i.e. testosterone); produced in testes
|
|
estrogen and progesterone
|
female sex hormones; produced in ovaries
|
|
negative feedback system
|
maintains the level of sex hormones
|
|
SRY gene
|
one of the genes on the Y chromosome; the sex-determining region of the Y; presence or absence of this gene makes one male or female
|
|
pineal gland
|
located in brain; secretes melatonin
|
|
circadian rhythms
|
rhythms with a period of 24 hours
|
|
secondary sex characteristics
|
those differences between the sexes that usually allow us to tell males from females
|
|
anabolic steroids
|
synthetic forms of testosterone
|
|
male primary sex organs
|
testes
|
|
epididymis
|
stores sperm produced by testes
|
|
spermatogenesis
|
the production of sperm
|
|
androgens
|
cells that secrete male hormones
|
|
germ cells
|
involved in spermatogenesis
|
|
sustentacular (sertoli) cells
|
support, nourish, and regulate development of cells undergoing spermatogenesis
|
|
acrosome
|
found in sperm; stores enzymes that penetrate the egg
|
|
vasa deferentia
|
conduct and store sperm
|
|
seminal vesicles
|
contribute nutrients and fluid to semen
|
|
prostate gland
|
contributes basic fluid to semen
|
|
urethra
|
conducts sperm
|
|
bulbourethral glands
|
contribute mucosal fluid to sperm
|
|
penis
|
the male organ of sexual intercourse by which sperm are introduced into the female reproductive tract
|
|
circumcision
|
a surgical procedure in which the foreskin/prepuce of the penis is removed
|
|
uterine/fallopian tubes
|
conduct egg; location of fertilization
|
|
uterus/womb
|
houses developing fetus
|
|
cervix
|
contains opening to uterus
|
|
vagina
|
receives penis during sexual intercourse, serves as birth canal and as an exit for menstrual flow
|
|
endometrium
|
lining of the uterus; participates in formation of placenta
|
|
vulva
|
the external genital organs of the female, collectively
|
|
follicles
|
each contains an immature egg, called an oocyte
|
|
oogenesis
|
the production of an egg
|
|
ovulation
|
when the vesicular follicle bursts, releasing the secondary oocyte surrounded by a clear membrane and attached follicle cells
|
|
hymen
|
ring of tissue enclosing vaginal orifice
|
|
labia majora
|
2 large, hair-covered folds of skin that extend posteriorly from the mons pubis (a fatty prominence underlying pubic hair)
|
|
labia minora
|
2 small folds of skin lying just inside the labia majora
|
|
clitoris
|
an organ that is homologous to the penis
|
|
vestibule
|
cleft between the labia minora
|