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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the factors that affect growth?
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1. Water availability &solute concentration
2.pH |
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What does it mean when a cell is living in a hypertonic environment?
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-there is more solutes outside of the cell
-water flows out of cell -plasmolysis occurs, Plasma Membrane shrivels & pulls away from cell wall (cell dies) |
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What does it mean when a cell is in an isotonic environment?
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-water flows evenly in & out of the cell
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What type of Environment do most microbes prefer? Isotonic or Hypertonic
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Isotonic
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Many microbes do live/grow in ___________ environmentsd witho0ut plasmolysis
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Hypertonic
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What are the adaptations to a hypertonic environment?
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1. Glycocalyx-protects cell from drying out
2.Cell Wall-usually less permeable than plasma membrane 3.Compatible solutes- Extra solutes (arent necessary for normal function)maintained in cytoplasm ti create and isotonic environment. |
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What is osmotolerant?
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Able to survive/grow in mildly hypertonic environment
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What is osmophilic?
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microbes require extremely hypertonic environment to survive.
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What is a halophile and how do they adapt to their environment?
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a microbe that is "salt loving"
adapt by having salts as integral components of plasma membrane, ribosomes, etc. |
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what is pH?
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a measure of hydrogen ions
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is low pH neutral, acidic, or akaline/basic?
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acidic
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is high pH neutral, acidic, or akaline/basic?
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alkaline/basic
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is middle pH neutral, acidic, or akaline/basic?
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neutral
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what do microbes require for metablic reactions
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H+ ions
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What happens when the cytoplasm becomes too acidic?
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hydrogen bonds are broken, DNA/proteins fall apart
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How do H+ ions travel in and out?
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by facilitated diffusion
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What happens in a basic environment?
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H+ ions leave the cell (no metabolism, cell dies)
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What happens to a cell in an acidic environment?
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H+ ions travel into cell
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