Quiz 8, 9 & 10 Questions

Front 1

Which of the following is located within the subarachnoid space

Back 1

Cerebrospinal fluid

Front 2

There are four main areas of the brain: the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem and;

Back 2

Cerebellum

Front 3

What is the fatty insulating material that surrounds the axons

Back 3

Myelin sheath

Front 4

This structure is part of the Diencephalon; it regulates the anterior pituitary gland, water balance, appetite, body temperature and autonomic nervous system

Back 4

Hypothalamus

Front 5

The astrocytes

Back 5

Support and protect the neurons and help form the blood brain barrier

Front 6

Parkinson’s disease

Back 6

Is caused by a deficiency of dopamine within a basal ganglia

Front 7

The mid brain, pons and the Medulla oblongata are referred to as

Back 7

Brainstem

Front 8

The frontal, temporal, occipital and the parietal lobes form the

Back 8

Cerebrum

Front 9

Which of the following is the middle layer of the meninges and looks like a spiderweb

Back 9

Arachnoid matter

Front 10

The neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine (ACh) are stored within the

Back 10

Axon terminals

Front 11

Which branching structures carry information toward the cell body of a neuron

Back 11

Dendrites

Front 12

Injury to the occipital lobe is most likely to cause

Back 12

Loss of vision

Front 13

What is the name of the space between the axon of one neuron and a dendrite of a second neuron

Back 13

Synapse

Front 14

Endorphins are

Back 14

Natural morphine like substances that can reduce anxiety and induce a sense of well-being

Front 15

Excessive opioids (narcotics) depress the medulla oblongata and therefore cause

Back 15

Respiratory depression

Front 16

A person is admitted to the ER following an auto accident he has suffered a transsection of the spinal-cord at C3 which statement is true

Back 16

He is ventilator dependent all sensory and motor activity below C3 is lost

Front 17

The corpus callosum

Back 17

Connect the right and left hemispheres

Front 18

A person has experienced a stroke affecting the left hemisphere which of the following is probable

Back 18

Hemiplegia

Front 19

Which of the following is the type of nervous tissue that conducts a nerve impulse

Back 19

Neuron

Front 20

The surface of the cerebrum is folded into elevations that resembles speed bumps the speed bumps are called

Back 20

Convolutions or Gyri

Front 21

In an adult and increase intracranial pressure may

Back 21

Downward displacement of the brainstem, cause sudden respiratory arrest and death, cause herniation of that Medulla oblongata through the foramen magnum.

All of the above are true.

Front 22

Which of the following is a consequence of a block cerebral aqueduct with in the fetal brain

Back 22

Hydrocephalus

Front 23

The phases of the action potential (nerve impulse) are

Back 23

Depolarisation and repolarisation

Front 24

The pituitary gland sits beneath the

Back 24

Hypothalamus

Front 25

Which structure plays a key role in personality development and emotional and behavioural expression and carries out the executive functions

Back 25

The frontal lobe

Front 26

What is the name of the motor speech area located in the frontal lobe

Back 26

Bocas area

Front 27

Myelination of the axon

Back 27

Increases the speed of the nerve impulse along the axon

Front 28

The Choroid plexus

Back 28

Is the site with cerebrospinal fluid is formed

Front 29

The dermatome is most related to which of the following

Back 29

Spinal nerve distribution

Front 30

At which structure a spinal nerves group and sorted

Back 30

A plexus

Front 31

A spinal-cord injury at the level of a C2 causes

Back 31

Quadriplegia and an inability to breathe

Front 32

Identify the disorder: clusters of vessels develope along the cranial or spinal dermatomes; herpes zoster; post-herpetic neuralgia.

Back 32

Shingles

Front 33

And intramuscular injection into the buttocks is given in the upper outer quadrant in an attempt to avoid injuring which nerve

Back 33

Sciatic nerve

Front 34

If this reflex is not working a person is in danger of choking on food

Back 34

Gag reflex

Front 35

What is the 10th cranial nerve that can also be known as the wandering nerve

Back 35

Vagus

Front 36

The gag reflex is mediated by which nerve

Back 36

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Front 37

If the phrenic nerve we are cut or severed the patient would not be able to

Back 37

Breathe

Front 38

To achieve spinal anaesthesia and anaesthetic drug is injected into the

Back 38

Subarachnoid space

Front 39

A lumbar puncture is done by inserting a needle into the

Back 39

Subarachnoid space

Front 40

What nerve tract carries sensory information towards the brain

Back 40

Spinothalamic

Front 41

The baroreceptor reflex controls

Back 41

BP

Front 42

An antibiotic induced ototoxicity damages which nerve

Back 42

Vestibulocochlear nerve

Front 43

Which neurotransmitter is secretes by cholinergic fibre

Back 43

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Front 44

A beta1-adrenergic agonist

Back 44

Increases heart rate.

Front 45

An anticholinergeric or antimuscarinic effect

Back 45

Is characterised by an increased heart rate and urination retention.

Front 46

A vagolytic effect

Back 46

Increases heart rate

Front 47

Muscarinic receptors are

Back 47

Activated by ACh

Front 48

Which of the following is a descriptive of a panic attack

Back 48

Fight or flight

Front 49

Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes relaxation of the breathing passages (bronchodilation). Which of the following drug classifications achieves this effect

Back 49

Beta2- adrenergic agonist

Front 50

An adrenergic fibre is one that

Back 50

Secretes NE as it’s transmitter

Front 51

Beta adrenergic blockade

Back 51

Decreases heart rate but also causes bronchoconstriction.

Front 52

A preoperative patient received an antimuscarinic drug (atrophine). Which drug-related postoperative consequence is this patient most likely to experience.

Back 52

Difficult urination.

Front 53

The coloured part of the eye that contains the instrinsic eye muscles, including the circular muscle and the radial muscles, is known as the...

Back 53

Iris

Front 54

An increase of intraocular pressure is most likely to cause

Back 54

Damage to the retina, leading to blindness

Front 55

Which of the following is the best example of referred pain

Back 55

A person with a history of gallbladder disease eats a high-fat meal. She complains of mid-epigastric pain and pain beneath her right scapular

Front 56

Which of the following structures secretes tears

Back 56

Lacrimal gland

Front 57

Which of the following equipment is used to elicit the photopupilary reflex

Back 57

Penlight

Front 58

A cataract is a

Back 58

Cloudy lens.

Front 59

Which layer of the eyeball supplies blood to the retina

Back 59

Choroid

Front 60

Which cerebral lobe is concerned primarily with vision?

Back 60

Occipital

Front 61

Tactile receptors are

Back 61

Activated by touch and pressure

Front 62

Bone conduction deafness is

Back 62

Most related to the middle ear

Front 63

Which of the following is defined as the involuntary rhythmic oscillating movements of the eyes

Back 63

Nystagmus

Front 64

What is the name of the tube that connects the pharynx and middle ear

Back 64

Eustachian

Front 65

Which of the following is most related to the sense of hearing

Back 65

Organ of corti

Front 66

The optic nerve

Back 66

Receives sensory info from the retina

Front 67

Olfaction refers to the sense of

Back 67

Smell

Front 68

Which cerebral lobe is concerned primarily with hearing

Back 68

Temporal

Front 69

The malleus, incus and stapes are called the...

Back 69

Ossicles

Front 70

Vertigo

Back 70

Is apt to stimulate the emetic centre

Front 71

Cerumen collects in the

Back 71

Outter ear

Front 72

Which of the following best describes pupillary dilation

Back 72

Mydriasis

Front 73

Which structure separates the outter ear from the middle ear

Back 73

Tympanic membrane

Front 74

The gustatory sensation is most related to the

Back 74

Taste buds

Front 75

Diminished drainage of aqueous humor through the canal of schlemm

Back 75

Elevated intraocular pressure causing glaucoma

Front 76

A cataract is a

Back 76

Cloudy lens

Front 77

In which condition is the eyelid not completely raised, thereby making the person appear sleepy

Back 77

Ptosis of the lid

Front 78

Rods and cones are

Back 78

Visual receptors

Front 79

The conjunctiva

Back 79

Is a mucous membrane

Front 80

Myopia, farsightedness and astigmatism are

Back 80

Errors of refraction

Front 81

The semicircular canals are concerned with

Back 81

Balance

Front 82

What is the location of the semicircular canals and cochlear

Back 82

Inner ear

Front 83

A nociceptor detects

Back 83

Pain

Front 84

Calcitonin and parathyroid horomone

Back 84

Control plasma levels of calcium

Front 85

Which of the following is a function of parathyroid horomone

Back 85

It increases plasma levels of calcium

Front 86

A deficiency of ADH is most likely to

Back 86

Induce polyuria

Front 87

Which gland secretes TSH, ACTH and growth hormone

Back 87

Anterior pituitary gland

Front 88

This adrenal cortical mineralocorticoid helps regulate salt and water balance

Back 88

Aldosterone

Front 89

Which gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biological rhythms

Back 89

Pineal gland

Front 90

Cushing syndrome

Back 90

May be caused by steroid (prednisone) therapy.

Front 91

The secretion of cortisol by the adrenal gland suppressed further secretion of ACTH by the interior pituitary gland. What is the interaction called

Back 91

Negative feedback control

Front 92

Ketosis and acidosis are

Back 92

Indicative of a rapid and incomplete metabolism of fatty acids

Front 93

Estrogen, progesterone and testosterone.

Back 93

Are secreted by the gonads.

Front 94

An excessive growth of hair in locations where hair growth in women is normally minimal is known as

Back 94

Hirsutism

Front 95

Catecholamines

Back 95

Include epinephrine (Adrenalin) and norepinephrine

Front 96

Ketoacidosis is most related to

Back 96

Excess fatty acid catabolism

Front 97

Which of the following is true of both prolactin and oxytocin. Both?

Back 97

Are concerned with lactation

Front 98

Steroids

Back 98

Include the glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and androgens.

Front 99

Insulin and glucagon

Back 99

Are secreted by the pancreas and are concerned with the regulation of blood glucose

Front 100

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin

Back 100

High plasma levels of glucose

Front 101

T3 and tea for calcitonin are

Back 101

Secreted by the thyroid gland

Front 102

Obesity

Back 102

All of the above are true

Front 103

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin

Back 103

Are secreted by the neurohyphsis

Front 104

Glucagon

Back 104

Is secreted in response to a decrease in blood glucose

Front 105

Epinephrine (adrenaline) increases blood glucose by

Back 105

Stimulating the hepatic conversation of glycogen into glucose

Front 106

Which is the following is most likely to cause the secretion of Calcitonin

Back 106

Elevated plasma calcium level

Front 107

The adrenal Medulla

Back 107

Is part of the flight or fight response

Front 108

Cretinism my myxedema and Graves’ disease are all

Back 108

Disorders of thyroid gland function

Front 109

T3 and T4

Back 109

Regulate the basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Front 110

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

Back 110

Is called a goiter

Front 111

Oxytocin

Back 111

Is a neurohypophyseal hormone that stimulates the uterine muscle to contract there by assisting in labour

Front 112

Secretion of this gland is described as sympathomimetic

Back 112

Adrina Medulla.

Front 113

A deficiency of insulin causes

Back 113

Hyperglycaemia

Front 114

Growth hormone

Back 114

All of the above are true

Front 115

Abrupt sudden withdrawal of prednisone (cortisol) is most likely to cause

Back 115

Acute adrenal insufficiency