Test 1: Notes 4

Front 1

What is Gravity?

Back 1

The mutually attractive force between massive objects.

Front 2

What are the four fundamental forces of nature?

Back 2

• Gravity
• Electromagnetic
• Strong Nuclear
• Weak Nuclear

Front 3

What is the Universal Law of Gravitation?

Who created it?

Back 3

• Creator: Isaac Newton
• What is it? The gravitation force between any two objects in proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distances between them.

Front 4

What is Orbit?

Back 4

The path taken by one object moving around another under the influence of their mutual gravitational or electric attraction.

Front 5

What is Free Fall?

Back 5

The motion of an object when the only force acting on it is gravity.

Front 6

What is uniform of circular motion?

Back 6

Motion in a circular path at a constant speed

Front 7

What is centripetal force?

Draw!

Back 7

A force directed toward the center of a curvature of an object's curved path.

Front 8

What is centrifugal force?

Draw!

Back 8

Force that acts outward on a body moving around a center, arises from bodies inertia.

Front 9

What is Circular Velocity?

Back 9

The orbital velocity needed to keep an object moving in a circular orbit.

Front 10

What is a Satellite?

Back 10

Object in orbit around a more massive body.

• Ex: A moon
  

Front 11

What is Bound Orbit?

Velocity?

Back 11

An orbit in which an object is gravitational bound to the body it is orbiting.

• Less than Escape Velocity

Front 12

What is Escape Velocity?

Back 12

The minimum velocity needed for an object to achieve a parabolic trajectory and leave the gravitational grasp of another mass.

Front 13

What is Unbound Orbit?

Velocity?

Back 13

An orbit in which an object is no longer gravitational bound to the body it was orbiting.

• Greater than Escape Velocity

Front 14

What is the center of mass?

Back 14

1. The weighted average location of all the mass in a system of objects.
   
2. In a binary star system, the point between two stars that is the focus of both their elliptical orbits.
   

Front 15

What is the Rouche limit?

Back 15

• When a satellite comes to close to a planet and is therefor sucked in by it's gravity and torn apart.
  
• Things that are too big, or too small will not be torn apart.
  

Front 16

What is a Tide?

Back 16

The rising and falling of the surface of large bodies of water due to varying gravitational forces exerted by the moon and the sun.

Front 17

What are Tidal Forces?

Back 17

A force caused by the changing in the strength of gravity across an object.

Front 18

What is a Tidal Bulge?

Back 18

Distortion of a body resulting from tidal stresses.

• Tidal bulging is why the moon's mantel is exposed.
  

Front 19

What are Lunar Tides?

Back 19

Caused by the differential gravitational pull of the moon.

Front 20

What are Solar Tides?

Back 20

Caused by the differential gravitational pull of the sun.

Front 21

What are Spring tides?

When do they occur?

Draw!!

Back 21

• What is it? A strong tide
• When: New or full moon, when lunar tides and solar tides reinforce each other.
  

Front 22

What are Neap Tides?

When do they occur?

Draw!!

Back 22

• What is it? A weak tide
• When: First or third quarter moon, sun and moon are at right angles to each other.