Test 1 Iv Therapy

Front 1

Infusion therapy

Back 1

is the delivery of medications in solution and fluids by parenteral (piercing of skin or mucous membranes) route through a wide variety of catheter types and locations using multiple procedures.

Front 2

isotonic
hypertonic
hypotonic

Back 2

Parenteral solutions within that normal range are ____________,
those fluids greater than 300 mOsm/L are ____________
and those fluids less than 270 mOsm/L are. _________

Front 3

Phlebitis

Back 3

is the inflammation of a vein caused by mechanical, chemical, or bacterial irritation

Front 4

Infiltration

Back 4

occurs when IV solution leaks into the tissues around the vein.

Front 5

Midline catheters

Back 5

can be anywhere from 3 to 8 inches long, 3 to 5 Fr, and double or single lumen. They are inserted through the veins of the upper arm. The median antecubital vein is used most often if insertion is done without the aid of ultrasound guidance. With ultrasound guidance, deeper veins can be accessed and the insertion site can be further above the antecubital fossa. The basilic vein is preferred over the cephalic vein because of its larger diameter and straighter path

Front 6

vesicant medications

Back 6

—drugs that cause severe tissue damage if they escape into the subcutaneous tissue (extravasation)

Front 7

In central IV therapy

Back 7

, the vascular access device (VAD) is placed in the central circulation, specifically within the superior vena cava (SVC) near its junction with the right atrium.

Front 8

peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)

Back 8

A is a long catheter inserted through a vein of the antecubital fossa (inner aspect of the bend of the arm) or the middle of the upper arm. Nurses who insert these CVADs require special training and certification.

Front 9

Nontunneled percutaneous central venous catheters (CVCs)

Back 9

are inserted by a physician through the subclavian vein in the upper chest or the internal jugular veins in the neck using sterile technique.

Front 10

Tunneled central venous catheters (VADs)

Back 10

that have a portion of the catheter lying in a sub- cutaneous tunnel, separating the points where the catheter enters the vein from where it exits the skin.

Front 11

Implanted ports

Back 11

are very different from other central vascular access devices (CVADs). They consist of a portal body, a dense septum over a reservoir, and a catheter. They can be single- or double-lumen and come in various sizes. A subcutaneous pocket is surgically created to house the port body. The catheter is inserted into the vein and attached to the portal body.

Front 12

turbidity

Back 12

(cloudiness)

Front 13

primary continuous administration set

Back 13

A is used to infuse the primary IV fluid by either a gravity infusion or an electronic infusion pump.

Front 14

short secondary administration set, also known as a piggyback set,

Back 14

A ? is attached to the primary set at a Y–injection site and is used to deliver intermittent medications.

Front 15

Intermittent administration-

Back 15

• If a secondary administration set is detached from the primary set, it should be considered an intermittent set and changed every 24 hours
• When the administration set is used for infusion of lipid solutions, change it every 24 hours.
• Change blood tubing within 4 hours
• tubing used to infuse propofol (Diprivan) every 6 to 12 hourr
• These fluids are thick and can clog the tubing.

Front 16

Syringe pumps

Back 16

use an electronic or battery-powered piston to push the plunger continuously at a selected milliliter-per-hour rate. The use of syringe pumps is limited to small-volume continuous or intermittent infusions and depends on the syringe size.

Front 17

Ambulatory pumps

Back 17

are generally used for home care patients and allow them to return to their usual activities while receiving infusion therapy. These pumps have a wide range of sizes, with some requiring a backpack, but they usually weigh less than 6 pounds.

Front 18

smart pumps

Back 18

(infusion pumps with dosage calculation software) have been promoted to reduce adverse drug events (ADEs).

Front 19

Subcutaneous therapy

Back 19

may be used in palliative care patients who cannot tolerate oral medications, when IM injections are too painful, or when vascular access is not available or is too difficult to obtain. Most often, this type of infusion is used in hospices for pain management.

Front 20

Hypodermoclysis

Back 20

involves the slow infusion of isotonic fluids into the patient's subcutaneous tissue.

Front 21

Intraosseous (IO) therapy

Back 21

allows access to the rich vascular network in the red marrow of bones. Although IO has previously been regarded as a pediatric procedure, it is now considered acceptable for use in adults. Victims of trauma, burns, cardiac arrest, diabetic ketoacidosis, and other life-threatening conditions benefit from this therapy because often clinicians cannot access these patients’ vascular systems for traditional IV therapy

Front 22

Intraperitoneal (IP) therapy

Back 22

is the administration of chemotherapy agents into the peritoneal cavity. IP therapy is used to treat intra-abdominal malignancies such as ovarian and gastrointestinal tumors that have moved into the peritoneum after surgery

Front 23

epidural space

Back 23

-between the dura mater and vertebrae The epidural space consists of fat, connective tissue, and blood vessels that protect the spinal cord. Medications infused into the epidural space must diffuse through the dura mater, and there is the possibility that some drug will be absorbed systemically.

Front 24

subarachnoid space

Back 24

. space between the arachnoid mater and pia mater

Front 25

Intrathecal medications

Back 25

are infused into the subarachnoid space closer to the spinal cord, allowing reduced doses.