Terrorism

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disciplines produces

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political subjects

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the state =

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material & ideological , real & illusory

problem:

- building a theory of the state is hard

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foucauldian approach to power has 3 implications:

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1: power relations are anchored in relationships of force established through war

2: peace is virtually impossible

3: the last battle signifies the end of politics

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dean governmentality

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a type of governing agency or authority, the forms of knowledge , technique and other means employed

- an art requiring craft , imagination , fashioning , use of tactic skill , practical know how and intuition

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governmentality : rationality

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clear , systematic , and explicit forms of thinking

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governmentality : mentality

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collective bodies of knowledge , belief , opinion

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to analyze government is to

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trace

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to study government ( dean )

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1: characteristic forms of visibility , ways of seeing and perceiving

2: distincitive ways of thinking and questioning , relying on definitve vocabularies

3: specific ways of acting

4: characteristics ways of form subjects , selves , persons , actors or agents

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critical ontology

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study of the nature of exsisting , of ourselves and our present

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micro

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individual focus

- bottom up

- assuemes indiivduas are ill , answer to radicalism lies in their background

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macro

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foot causes

-top down ( social economic , political , cultural , religious and historical factors )

ie. poverty , ignorance , education

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middle range

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context of terrorism , relationships on the ground , evolution , motivation

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vertigans

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subjects are wide and numerous ( people , places , processes)

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sagemen

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your choice and analysis must be scientific

- fact vs belief

- successful terrorism scholarship is normative

- stop terrorism

- build a database

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vertigans

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sociology is severely restricted in terrorism studies

- calls for reflexive criticisms

- new knowledge comes from boundary pushing

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rational for terrorism : interactivity

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ease of access of information ( bomb building ; propaganda)

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rational for terrorism accessiblity

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more meeting places

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rational for terrorim : internet egalitarianism

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deconstructing gendered , social , biological limitations

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sustained imagery

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mattress live forever

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kruger and maleckova

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reducing poverty / improving education does not reduce/ combat global terrorism ; causation is not economic

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kruger and malechova critiical value

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challenging , as opposed to embracing , exciting scholarship

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chrensaw

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rational choice for terrorism

-conditions as motivatiors

- cost /benfit calculations

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chrensaw critical value

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terrorism as a rational choice has a study able logic

- theory is limited because it assumes that all terrorists from an organization benefit from successful attacks regardless of their role

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vertigans : complexity

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1: there are both practical and expressive rationale behind terrorism

2: overlap can serve as a barrier / limitation for itself

3: mis understanding , calculation and interpretation of terrorists and counter terroists activity between all parties involved contributes to a war of ideals

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foucalt

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governance , power - flows , power realtionships , power effects

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croft

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discourse analysis , cultural analyis s,

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sagemen

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hard data analyis , big data , positivism

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vertgians

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interdisciplinary , focuses on social complexity

- ex. relationships with people , places, processes

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gergory

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content analysis , genealogy ,

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grondin

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material - semiotic analyis , genealogy

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gregory

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response to scholarship on drones in the form content analysis

- argues drones are not designed to respond to threats ,but to prevent them from happening

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grondin

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says that scholarship on drones focuses mostly on the law and journalism

- says drones are not studied as objects of security

- says that drones create a network centric functioning that gets information and collabortatily killing from a distance

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materical semotic analyis

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study of material things / signs / images

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methodology conducted in form of genealogy

analyises drones from investigative journalism accounts of weaponry

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croft

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9/11 social contruction thorugh discourse

2n 9/11 : symbolically produced

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croft - discourse and crisis

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discourse is communication that constructs and reflects identity

- that creates crisis that is co procuded by popular culture

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croft and myth

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it creates a metanarrative of why 9/11 happened , takes the blame away from americans responsibility

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implications of foucaldian approach to power

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1: power relations come from people w/ their relations ( competition )

2: peace is essential and impossible

3: if we trace fluid political power , it dictates the pieces in society

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sovereign power

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ability to kill or to let someone live

ex. public demontrastions of killing people , maintaining order

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disciplinary power

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way to control people who are problematic and keep them away from society ex mentally ill , prionswers

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bio power

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abiity to manage a population , to look at a existence of species

- realization that there is a different way to manage bigger groups of people ;

- looking at people as biological subjects

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mentality

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collective conscioueness of how society thinks though something ,

- if you rationalize in a certain way that can relate to mentality

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co - production

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people come together to create something like a conspiracy

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assemblage theory

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when you have a bunch of people doing different things , sometimes their inteerts overlap to benefit each other

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whats the political benefit of a myth

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taking the blame away from american resomponsiblity

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desisive intervention by croft

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changing the way people are thinking (shift in descourse)

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collective intervention

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people becoming aware that belonging to a collective , describes the benefit of the collective in the individual , how you see yourself as an individual , also how to see yourself within an organization