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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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allophone
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a specific sound which is one of the versions of a phoneme (like the different versions of /p/ used in "pit," "spin," and "tap")
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alphabet
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uses symbols to represent sounds, so that words may be represented by stringing together the symbols for each of the sounds of which they are composed
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alveolar ridge
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the ridge just behind the upper teeth in the front of the mouth. It is an important point of articulation for speakers of English.
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analogy
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in linguistics, the process by which a form (a word, a form of a word, etc.) is created by making it like some apparently similar form
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cuneiform
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the system of writing with wedge-shaped marks that was used to write several ancient languages in the area of Mesopotamia and Persia
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diphthong
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a vowel whose sound changes as it is pronounced, so that it is almost (but not quite) two sounds
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etymology
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the study of word origins or of the origin of a particular word; the study of the earlier forms from which a word seems to have developed
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Great Vowel Shift
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a set of systematic changes in English vowels that occurred after spelling began to be standardized
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hieroglyphics
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the writing system used for ancient Egyptian, which included some symbols that stood for words and some that stood for sounds
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historical linguistics
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the study of the way languages change (and have changed) over time
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homonym
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words that sound (or are spelled) the same but have different meanings
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ideograph
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abstract symbol in a writing system that uses individual symbols to stand for complete words or ideas
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minimal pair
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a pair of words that differ in only one phoneme. The fact that they are different words proves that the sounds by which they differ are members of different phonemes in the language.
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orthography
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either the system of standard spelling in a language or the entire system of standard writing (including spacing, punctuation, etc., as well as spelling)
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phoneme
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the smallest SIGNIFICANT unit of speech (or language; the smallest unit that makes a difference
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phonetics
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the study of speech sounds (not the sounds of a particular language)
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pictograph
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picture-based symbol in a writing system that uses individual symbols to stand for complete words or ideas
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redundancy
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extra information included in language (helps to prevent misunderstanding)
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syllabic
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having to do with syllables; names a writing system that uses one symbol for each syllable
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unvoiced
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describes a sound produced with no vibration of the vocal cords
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voiced
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describes a sound produced while the vocal cords are vibrating
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