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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A Eukaryotic cell formed by a fertilization event between two gametes |
Zygote |
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A mature haploid male or female germ cell that is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote |
Gamete |
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How many divisions does Mitosis go through |
1 division |
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How many divisions does Meiosis go through |
2 divisions |
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How many sets of chromosomes do Diploid cells have |
2n |
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How many sets of chromosomes do haploid cells have |
1n |
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What is the definition of Meiosis I |
The separation of homologous chromosomes |
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What is the definition of Meiosis II |
Sister chromatids are separated |
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A picture of all chromosomes in a cell. The complete set of chromosomes in a cell |
Karyotype |
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A pair of cells that pair up during Meiosis. They contain the same genes but may have different alleles |
Homologous Chromosomes |
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Crossing over during Meiosis Independent assortment of genes Random Fertilization |
What produces diversity |
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The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that result in recombinant chromosomes |
Crossing over |
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When random genes from homologous chromosomes combine during meiosis to produce genetically unique gametes |
Independent assortment |
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When a random variety of gametes from both parents produce a variety of unique offspring |
Sexual reproduction produce a variety of offspring |
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Easy to grow, develop quickly, produce many offspring. Self or cross pollination is easy to perform |
Reasons why Mendel chose pea plants to study |
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True breeding plants
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The P generation |
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Hybrid Offspring |
F1 Generation |
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When F1 generation pollinate themselves |
F2 generation |
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These types of Chromosomes have the same alleles |
Homozygous Chromosomes |
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These types of Chromosomes have different alleles |
Heterozygous Chromosomes |
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PP |
Example of Homozygous Chromosome (Letters) |
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Pp |
Example of Heterozygous Chromosome (Letters) |
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The trait that you can see (Purple, white) |
Phenotype |
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The gene that represents the trait you can see. You cannot see it |
Genotype |
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A section of DNA that controls a certain character |
Gene |
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The specific trait of a gene |
Allele |
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The segregation of an allele on one Chromosome will not affect the segregation of an allele on another Chromosome |
The law of independent assortment of Alleles |
