Terminology Found In Radiologists' Reports

Front 1

Accessory ossicles

Back 1

os trigonum, supranaviculare, tibiale externum, peroneum, intermetatarseum

Front 2

Accessory ossicles

Back 2

Old united fractures or supernumary bones.

'Well-defined osseous densities'.

Front 3

Painful accessory ossicle

Back 3

os styloideum

Front 4

Agenesis / hypogenesis

Back 4

Lack of growth or underdevelopment embryologically(of bones)

Can lead to instability or stress

Usually found in posterior arch, but could occur anywhere in spine

Front 5

Agenesis / hypoplasia

Back 5

Lack of growth or underdevelopment

Most often C1 and mid to lower C spine.

Complete or partial

Stable or unstable

Front 6

Sclerotic pedicles or anterior arch hypertrophy - signs of what?

Back 6

Signs of altered stress - the spine is unstable

Front 7

Bipartite / multipartite patella caused by...

Back 7

Patellar centres failing to unite

Superolateral corner most often

80% of cases are bilateral

Front 8

Bipartite sesamoids found where?

Back 8

1st MTP j - there is a 'lucent cleft'

(Lucent means radiographically less dense, i.e. not as white as bone)

Front 9

Calcification of iliolumbar ligaments

Back 9

Occasional

Calcification of ligaments between L5 TP and iliac crest

Unilateral or bilateral

Complete or partial

Front 10

Calcification of iliolumbar ligaments - other Ddx?

Back 10

L5 TP hypertrophy or severe rogering

Front 11

Carpal coalition - what is it?

Back 11

Failure of carpal bones to separate (but looks like they fused). Probably good for punching people in the face

Usually 2 bones in the wrist

Front 12

Carpal coalition - most common bones involved?

Back 12

Lunate and triquetrum

Can be in same carpal row (isolated finding)

Can be across carpal rows - (results from dysplasia)

Dysplasia means abnormality of development

Front 13

Cervical ribs

Back 13

'Overgrown' remnant costal processes that normally belong to cervical TPs

Normally assymptomatic but can cause TOS - cervicobrachial pain and pain radiating up back of neck due to nerve compression between cervical rib and scalenus anticus muscle - (where the hell is that pal)?

Front 14

Cervical ribs - which level most commonly affected?

Back 14

C7

May be large enough to articulate with first ribs! (Freakshow)!

Front 15

Congenital block vertebrae is...

Back 15

Failure of vertebrae to separate embryologically

Front 16

Congenital block vertebrae affects which part of vertebrae?

Back 16

Body, arch or both

Front 17

Congenital block vertebrae - 4 radiographic findings?

Back 17

1. Rudimentary disk, sometimes with calcification (no need to get offended)

2. Wasp-waist deformity (anterior concavity at mid-point of block)

3. Posterior element involvement (don't ask me pal)!

4. Height of block is the same as 2 normal vertebrae

Front 18

Congenital block vertebrae - How many vertebrae involved?

Back 18

Can be > 2

Sometimes small IVFs

Front 19

Congenital block vertebrae can predispose to...

Back 19

DJD

Front 20

What is DJD?

Back 20

Degenerative Joint Disease

Front 21

Fabella is...

Back 21

Sesamoid bone in lateral head of gastroc

Front 22

Facet tropism is...

Back 22

Assymetrically oriented facets, although both may be turned

Often L5/S1

Front 23

Fifth toe fusion is...

Back 23

Missing DIP in 5th toe, so only 2 phalanges

I once knew someone who couldn't bend his thumb so he had '1st digit fusion' I suppose. He was wierd.

Front 24

Hahn's fissures (of vertebral bodies) otherwise known as...

Back 24

Vascular grooves (yeah baby yeah), i.e. grooves where vessels run. I dunno, I guess.

Front 25

Hahn's fissures are visible in which radiographic view?

Back 25

Lateral view, as 2 parallel sclerotic lines with a lucency between them (where the vessels are I suppose)

Front 26

Hahn's fissures - when do you get them?

Back 26

Young children/infants, occasionally persist through to adulthood if you're still a child (Paul Hem)

Front 27

Hemivertebrae happens when...

Back 27

Part of a vertebral body does not form. Others around it become deformed in an attempt to accomodate for it

Front 28

Hemivertebrae - what types?

Back 28

Lateral hemi - chondrification centre fails to form
Ventral hemi - Posterior ossification centre fails to form
Dorsal hemi - Anterior centre fails to form

Front 29

Hemivertebrae can lead to what sort of deformity?

Back 29

Severe scoliosis - structural

Front 30

Structural scoliosis will not disappear during which ortho test?

Back 30

Supported Adams

Front 31

Hyperplastic transverse process - where do you get them?

Back 31

C7 - may get confused with cervical ribs, TPs stick out further than T1 TPs.

C4-6 - anterior tubercles of adjacent TPs grow towards each other and form accessory articulations

C1 - TPs enlarge and fuse with occiput - decreased ROM.

Front 32

Hyperplastic means...

Back 32

They grow too much

Front 33

Hypoplastic / absent patella

Back 33

Kneecap aint there, bummer - cartilaginous centres didn't ossify. Might be there but just small (like parts of DB's anatomy)

Front 34

Knife-clasp deformity

Back 34

Spina bifida occulta of S1 (what the hell's that)?

Front 35

Knife-clasp deformity - (Spina bifida occulta of S1)

Back 35

Failure of laminae of S1 to fuse leaving spinal cord exposed

S1 tubercle attaches to L5 SP making it longer. May hurt in extreme extension

Front 36

Nuchal bones

Back 36

Calcification in nuchal ligament posterior to cervical SPs

Assoc with DISH? (Diffuse Idiopathic skeletal Hypertrophy)

Front 37

Nuclear endplate impressions

Back 37

Indentation of endplates of vertebral bodies, usually inf.
Lx most common, then Cx
'Cupid's bow' on AP view

Front 38

Occipitalisation

Back 38

Occiput and C1 have not separated during development
C1 may be part of occiput and not visible
Can be ok or cause of dysplastic conditions