Teratogens And Torches (First Aid 2012)

Front 1

Clarithromycin

Back 1

Embryotoxic

Front 2

Sulfonamides

Back 2

Kernicterus

Front 3

Aminoglycosides

Back 3

Ototoxicity

Front 4

Fluoroquinolones

Back 4

Cartilage damage

Front 5

Metronidazole

Back 5

Mutagenesis

Front 6

Tetracyclines

Back 6

Discolored teeth
Inhibition of bone growth

Front 7

Ribavirin

Back 7

Teratogenic

Front 8

Griseofulvin

Back 8

Teratogenic

Front 9

Chloramphenicol

Back 9

'Gray baby'

Front 10

Toxoplasma (mode of transmission)

Back 10

Cat feces
Undercooked meat

Front 11

Toxoplasma (Maternal)

Back 11

Usually asymptomatic
Lymphadenopathy (rare)

Front 12

Toxoplasma (Neonatal)

Back 12

Classic triad:
1. chorioretinitis
2. hydrocephalus
3. intracranial calcifications

Front 13

Rubella (Mode of Transmission)

Back 13

Respiratory droplets

Front 14

Rubella (Maternal)

Back 14

Rash
Lymphadenopathy
Arthritis

Front 15

Rubella (Neonatal)

Back 15

Classic triad:
1. PDA (or pulmonary artery hypoplasia
2. Cataracts
3. Deafness +/- 'blueberry muffin' rash

Front 16

CMV (Mode of Transmission)

Back 16

Sexual contact
Organ transplants

Front 17

CMV (Maternal)

Back 17

Usually asymptomatic
Mononucleosis-like illness

Front 18

CMV (Neonatal)

Back 18

Hearing loss
Seizures
Petechial rash
'Blueberry muffin' rash

Front 19

HIV (Mode of Transmission)

Back 19

Sexual contact

Front 20

HIV (Maternal)

Back 20

Variable presentation depending on CD4+ count

Front 21

HIV (Neonatal)

Back 21

Recurrent infections
Chronic diarrhea

Front 22

HSV2 (Mode of Transmission)

Back 22

Skin
Mucous membrane contact

Front 23

HSV2 (Maternal)

Back 23

Usually asymptomatic
Herpetic (vesicular) lesions

Front 24

HSV2 (Neonatal)

Back 24

Temporal encephalitis
Herpetic (vesicular) lesions

Front 25

Syphilis (Mode of Transmission)

Back 25

Sexual contact

Front 26

Syphilis (Maternal)

Back 26

1 Chancre
2 Disseminated rash
3 Cardiac/neurologic disease

Front 27

Syphilis (Neonatal)

Back 27

Stillbirth (often)
Hydrops fetalis

If child survives:
Frontal bossing
Hutchinson teeth
Mulberry molars
Saddle nose
Short maxilla
Saber shins
CN VIII deafness

Front 28

ACE inhibitors

Back 28

Renal damage

Front 29

Alkylating agents

Back 29

Absence of digits
Multiple anomalies

Front 30

Carbamazepine

Back 30

Dysmorphic craniofacial features
Fingernail hypoplasia
IUGR

Neural tube defects
Developmental delay

Front 31

Phenytoin

Back 31

Fetal hydantoin syndrome:

Dysmorphic craniofacial features
Fingernail hypoplasia
IUGR

Microcephaly
Distal phalangeal hypoplasia
Cardiac defects
Mental retardation

Front 32

Diethylstilbestrol

Back 32

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma

Front 33

Folate antagonists

Back 33

Neural tube defects

Front 34

Lithium

Back 34

Malformation of great vessels
Ebstein's anomaly:

Atrialized right ventricle

Front 35

Thalidomide

Back 35

Limb defects ('flipper' limbs)

Front 36

Valproate

Back 36

Neural tube defects (from inhibition of maternal folate absorption)

Front 37

Warfarin

Back 37

Bone deformities
Fetal hemorrhage
Abortion
Ophthalmologic abnormalities

Front 38

Alcohol

Back 38

Birth defects (leading cause)
Mental retardation (leading cause)
Fetal alcohol syndrome

Front 39

Cocaine

Back 39

Abnormal fetal development
Fetal addiction
Placental abruption

Front 40

Smoking (nicotine, CO)

Back 40

Preterm labor
Placental problems
IUGR
ADHD

Front 41

Iodide

Back 41

LACK OR EXCESS causes:

Congenital goiter
Hypothyroidism

Front 42

Maternal diabetes

Back 42

Caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia)
Congenital heart defects
Neural tube defects

Front 43

Vitamin A

Back 43

EXCESS causes extremely high risk for:

Spontaneous abortions
Birth defects
cleft palate
cardiac abnormalities

Front 44

X-rays

Back 44

Microcephaly
Mental retardation

Front 45

Methotrexate

Back 45

Teratogen
Abortifacient

Front 46

Methimazole

Back 46

POSSIBLE teratogen