Temporal Region And Muscles Of Mastication

Front 1

What is the portion of zygomatic bone between the condylar and coronoid processes of the mandible?

Back 1

Articular tubercle

Front 2

What are the contents of the temporal fossa

Back 2

Temporalis muscle
2. temporalis vessels and nerves
3. Zygomaticotemporal nerve (GA, V2)

Front 3

What are the contents of the infratemporal fossa?

Back 3

1. Sphenomandibular ligament
2. Medial and Lateral pterygoid muscles
3. Mandibular nerve V3
4. Facial nerve
5. CN9
6. Maxillary artery
7. Pterygoid venous plexus

Front 4

What are the 3 main ligaments of the TMJ?

Back 4

1. Temporomandibular ligament
2. Sphenomandibular ligament
3. Stylomandibular

Front 5

The weight of the mandible is primary supported by what two structures?

Back 5

1. Temporalis m
2. sphenomandibular L

Front 6

What prevents posterior dislocation of the TMJ?

Back 6

The temporomandibular ligament and postglenoid tubercle.

Front 7

The TMJ is separated into two compartments by an articular disc, each with its own synovial membrane. What do these compartments individually permit?

Back 7

1. superior permits anteroposterior translation
2. inferior permits hingelike motion

Front 8

Lateral excursion of the mandible at the TMJ is a combination of what movements?

Back 8

Unilateral protrusion and some depression

Front 9

Initial depressio nof the jaw to separate the teeth occurs in what TMJ compartment?

Back 9

Inferior compartment

Front 10

Depression of the jaw widely involves what movements of the condylar process on the TMJ?

Back 10

Anterior translation onto the articular eminence in the superior TMJ compartment.

Front 11

For all but minimal elevation and depression, what motions must occur?

Back 11

Some protrusion (on depression) and retrusion (on elevation)

Front 12

What two muscles of the jaw assist in retrusion?

Back 12

Temporalis (also elevates) and Anterior belly of digastric (also depresses). Masseter, medial and lateral pterygoids, protrude.

Front 13

Bilateral contraction of the masseter has what actions?

Back 13

Elvation and protrusion of mandible

Front 14

Bilateral contraction of the temporalis muscle has what actions?

Back 14

Elevation and retrusion

Front 15

Bilateral contraction of the medial pterygoid has what actions?

Back 15

elevation and protrusion

Front 16

What are the two heads of the medial pterygoid?

Back 16

Deep and superficial. Superficial is more anterior

Front 17

What are the two heads of the lateral pterygoid m?

Back 17

Superior and inferior.

Front 18

Bilateral contraction of the lateral pterygoid m causes what action?

Back 18

protrusion and slight depression of mandible

Front 19

What assists in depression of mandible?

Back 19

Gravity! Lateral pterygoid (inferior head), anterior belly of digastric

Front 20

What is bruxism?

Back 20

Unconscious grinding, gnashing, or clenching your teeth.
From the greek “brugmos” = gnashing of the teeth

Front 21

What nerve suspends the the otic and submandibular ganglia?

Back 21

Mandibular nerve V3

Front 22

What muscles does the mandibular nerve (V3) innervate?

Back 22

Muscles of mastication, mylohyoid m and anterior belly of digastric.

Front 23

What are 3 important named branches of the mandibular nerve that you should know?

Back 23

1. Auriculotemporal nerve
2. Lingual n
3. Inferior alveolar n > mental nerve
4. Meningeal branch
5. buccal n

Front 24

The meningeal branch of V3 provides GA nerve fibers to what?

Back 24

Dura of the middle cranial fossa

Front 25

The buccal nerve nerve provides GA sensory where?

Back 25

Skin of cheek and oral mucosa

Front 26

Where does the auriculotemporal nerve provide GA fibers?

Back 26

Skin of the temple, external ear, parotid gland and TMJ

Front 27

The lingual nerve provides GA sensory to what structures?

Back 27

Anterior 2/3 of tongue, floor of the mouth and lingual gums

Front 28

To what structures does the inferior alveolar/mental nerve provide GA fibers?

Back 28

Lower teeth, buccal gums, mucosa, skin of lower lip and chin

Front 29

The GE branch to the medial pterygoid gives off a branch that enters the middle ear to supply what muscle?

Back 29

Tensor tympani muscle.

Front 30

The GE fibers to mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric branches from what nerve?

Back 30

V3; specifically inferior alveolar according to Netters

Front 31

What nerve carries most of the GA sensory and proprioception from the TMJ?

Back 31

Auriculotemporal N. It also carries GA from parotid gland and partid sheath.

Front 32

The auriculotemporal nerve carries hitchhiking postganglionic parasympathetic fibers of what nerve to where?

Back 32

Glossopharyngeal IX to the parotid gland from the otic ganglion

Front 33

What is the path of the auriculotemporal nerve after branching from V3?

Back 33

Passes behind the TMJ and out and over to the EAM.

Front 34

Describe Frey's syndrome?

Back 34

Disorder of the auriculotemporal nerve causing gustatory sweating and flushing/redness along the auriculotemporal nerve after eating due to parasympathetic fibers destined for the parotid gland migrating into the cutaneous sympathetic nerves of skin.

Front 35

What nerve suspends the submandibular ganglion?

Back 35

The lingual nerve

Front 36

What nerve joins the lingual nerve to provide preganglionic parasympathetic fibers (secretomotor) for the submandibular and sublingual glands?

Back 36

The chorda tympani. Taste fibers from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue are from the chorda tympani n.

Front 37

The lingual nerve does not convey what type of fibers to the submandibular and sublingual glands?

Back 37

sympathetic fibers. Special note on her powerpoint!

Front 38

Injury to the lingual nerve proximal to joining of chorda tympani, results in what symptoms?

Back 38

Anesthesia to the anterior 2/3 of tongue, floor of mouth and lingual gums.

Front 39

Injury to the lingual nerve distal to the joining of chorda tympani results in what symptoms?

Back 39

Anesthesia to the anterior 2/3 of tongue, floor of mouth and lingual gums. As well as decreased salivation and loss of taste from same side of anterior 2/3 of tongue.

Front 40

Injury to chorda tympani prior to joining the lingual n causes what symptoms?

Back 40

decreased salivation and loss of taste from anterior 2/3 on same side of tongue.

Front 41

What nerve does the inferior alveolar nerve give off before disappearing into the mandibular canal to form the inferior dental plexus?

Back 41

Nerve to mylohyoid which also innervates the anterior belly of digastric m

Front 42

What nerve exits the mandibular canal at the mental foramen to become the mental nerve?

Back 42

The inferior alveolar nerve

Front 43

The middle meningeal artery is a branch off of what?

Back 43

Maxillary artery

Front 44

Where does the maxillary artery originate?

Back 44

In the parotid gland and enters the infratemporal fossa.

Front 45

What are the main branches of the maxillary artery?

Back 45

1. Inferior alveolar artery,
2. masseteric brs
3. Middle meningeal a
4. anterior tympanic
5. deep auricular
6. buccal
7. posterior superior alveolar a
8, Temporal brs

Front 46

The inferior alveolar a travels with the inferior alveolar n through what structure?

Back 46

Through the mandibular canal

Front 47

The pterygoid venous plexus drains into what vessels?

Back 47

The facial and maxillary veins.

Front 48

The pterygoid venous plexus is connected to what structure via emissary veins?

Back 48

The cavernous sinus

Front 49

The posterior auricular v and posterior div. retromandibular vein join to form what vessel?

Back 49

External jugular vein

Front 50

The ant. div. retromandibular vein and facial vein join and drain into what vessel?

Back 50

Internal jugular vein.

Front 51

What is the insertion and origin of the temporalis and masseter muscles?

Back 51

Masseter - Inserts on lateral surface of mandible and originates from the zygomatic arch and maxillary process of zygomatic
Temporalis - Originates from floor of temporal fossa and temporal fascia. Inserts on the coronoid process and anterior border of mandibular ramus

Front 52

Do you know where the middle meningeal artery is? MUST KNOW FOR LAB

Back 52

One of first branches off the maxillary artery from the external carotid a. The EC ends as two arteries:
1. Maxillary a
2. Superficial temporal a

Front 53

After giving deep anesthetics dentists can commonly hit the venous plexus and cause infection.

Back 53

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