Teme 4 & 5: Parham Ch. 12 & 13: Hypersensitivity & Autoimmune

Front 1

Type 1 HS reaction:
Characteristics and requirement

Back 1

Immediate, sensitization, mast cells via FceRI.

Front 2

FCeRI on which cells

Back 2

Mast cells, baso's.

and eo's if activated by cytokines

Front 3

Dfference mastcell-fceri-ige and B/Tcell receptor

Back 3

Immediate effector function

Each cell can carry a range of IgE. Not specific.

Front 4

Location mast cells

Back 4

Mucosal and epithelial tissues
All vascularized tissues

Except cns, retina.

Front 5

Mastcell granules contain

Back 5

Histamine, heparin. Tnf alfa and other inflammatory mediators

Front 6

Mast cell other functions than the ige.

Back 6

TLR: recruitment neutro, MF, effector t cells via cytokines.

Growth factors: tissue repair

Front 7

Two types mast cells

And relation to t cells

Back 7

Mucosal (tryptase) and connective tissue MC (chemotryptase)

If t cell immunodefi, then only connective tissue, cuz mucosal is dependant on tcells

Front 8

Type 1 HS reaction: th1 or th2 and why

Back 8

Th2

Ige: antibody: b cell: th2

Baso's help with il-4 secretion that stimulates naive t cell to become th2 and isotype switching to igE

Front 9

Basophil and th2 relationship

Back 9

Baso recruited to secondary lymfenode, secretion il4 and 13 to stimulate naive tcell to proliferate to th2

Front 10

When is ige production favoured?

Back 10

Antigen count is small

And

Il-4 by basophils

Front 11

Definition of atopy

Back 11

Predisposed state for allergy:

Higher circulating IgE and circulating eo's

Front 12

Chromosome 5 cluster with il-4

Other IL's and function

Back 12

IL 3,4,5,6,12,13: isotope switching, eo's survival and mast cell proliferation.

Front 13

Late phase response of type 1 HSReaction igE mediated

Back 13

Leukotrienes --> recruitment leuko's, eo's and th2 lympho's.

Front 14

GI action in anaphylactic shock

Back 14

Smooth muscle contraction
Stomach crampd
Vmitting
Fluid outflow in gut
Diarrhea

Front 15

Respiratory tract in anaphylactic shock

Back 15

Contraction of smooth muscle
Costriction of throat and airways
Difficulty in swallowing and breathing
Wheezing

Front 16

Heart and vascular system in anaphylactic shock

Back 16

Increases permeability in capillaries and thus entry of fluid in tissues
Swelling of tissues including tongue
Loss of blood pressure
Reduced oxygen on tissues
Irregular heartbeat
Loss of consciousness

Front 17

Treatment anaphylactic shock

Back 17

Epinephrine

Front 18

Allergic rhinitis Characterized by

Back 18

Local edema causing obstruction in nasal airways and eo's-rich mucus secretion.

Front 19

Difference angiooedema and urticaria

Two pathways

Back 19

Angiooedema is deeper.

Via skin
Or
Via blood bringing allergen to skin.

Front 20

How is a more prolonged allergic response in the skin called?

Back 20

Eczema

Front 21

Charact. Eczema

Back 21

Chronic and itching skin rash with skin eruptions and fluid discharge

Front 22

Three strategy in treating allergy

Back 22

Prevention
Pharma: corticosteroids or histamine blo
Desensitization from ige to igg(4)

Front 23

Meds cave type 2 hsr

Back 23

Penicillin quinidine methyldopa

Front 24

Bloodtype A

Antigen en antibodies?

Back 24

Antigen A on ery surface
Antibody for B antigen

Receive blood from A and O

Front 25

Bloodtype AB

Antigen and antibodies

Back 25

Antigen A and B on ery surface
Antibody for non

Receive blood from everyone

Front 26

Bloodtype O

Antigen and antibodies

Back 26

Antigen none on surface
Antibodies A and B due to a&b carbohydrates resemble bacterial carbo in gut

Only type o blood is okay as donor

Front 27

If rhesuspositive then

Back 27

Rhesusfactor on ery and no antibody for rhesus

Front 28

Abotyping test via

Back 28

Cross-match test

Front 29

What is arthus reaction?

Back 29

Inducement of type 3 hsr by subcutaneous injection of antigen, specific igG diffuses to connective tissue to form immunocomplex. Complement activation.

Causing erythema and hard swelling due to induration.

Front 30

Difference type1-3 and type 4

Back 30

Speed: minutes vs 1-3 days
Amount pathogen type 4 > type 1-3

Front 31

Release cytokines by th 1 after activation by Mf

Back 31

Ifn gamma: activates MF
Il-3 , gm-csf: monocyte production
Tnf alfa and lt: tissue damage and permeability

Front 32

What is arthus reaction?

Back 32

Inducement of type 3 hsr by subcutaneous injection of antigen, specific igG diffuses to connective tissue to form immunocomplex. Complement activation.

Causing erythema and hard swelling due to induration.

Front 33

Difference type1-3 and type 4

Back 33

Speed: minutes vs 1-3 days
Amount pathogen type 4 > type 1-3

Front 34

Release cytokines by th 1 after activation by Mf

Back 34

Ifn gamma: activates MF
Il-3 , gm-csf: monocyte production
Tnf alfa and lt: tissue damage and permeability

Front 35

5 mechanism that contribute to immunological self- tolerance

(+1 for b cell)

Back 35

Negative selection in bone marrow and thymus
Expression of tissue-specific proteins in the thymus
No lymphocyte access to some tissues
Suppression of autoimmune response by Treg
Induction of anergy in autoreactive B and T cel

Selfreactive bcell needs tcell to migrate to follicles to proliferate)

Front 36

Epid sle?

Ethnicity

Back 36

African and asian women 1:500