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300 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is the unit of electrical power?
watt
Which of the following is a two terminal device which permits current to flow in only one
direction?
diode
In 1911, Kammerlingh Onnes, a Dutch scientist, discovered what electrical device?
superconductor
What is a charge in motion referred to as?
current
What electrical item is calculated by the product of the resistance times the current squared
(R * I^2)?
power
An intrinsic conductor is also known as a(n) :
semiconductor
Which Italian scientist developed the battery?
Alessandro Volta
___________ charges are at rest.
electrostatic
DC and AC stand for :
Direct Current and Alternating Current
P-type semiconductors have an abundance of ___________ charge carriers.
positive
Who first discovered the relationship between electricity and magnetism by deflecting a
compass point with an electric current?
Hans Christian Oersted
What is a charged atom called?
ion
An alternator generates ______________ by rotating a loop of wire between the poles of a
permanent magnet.
current
In logic circuits, if one input is on and the other input is off, what is the result of an OR gate?
on
In 1948, the transistor was invented by :
Bell Laboratories
The ___________ is the metal strip in a DC motor that picks up the current.
commutator
What is the unit of measurement by which electric bills are calculated?
kilowatt-hour
The process of adding impurities to a crystal is :
doping
Which of the following scientists discovered electromagnetic induction?
Michael Faraday
When current goes through a wire, a(n) _____________ is created.
magnetic field
What is the storage of electric charge?
capacitance
Switching circuits or ______________ perform repetitive operations.
digital integrated circuits
Which of the following scientists discovered that lightning is a form of electricity?
Benjamin Franklin
What is a positively charged ion?
cation
What is the unit of capacitance?
Farad
Which of the following electrical components is responsible for the miniaturization of
electronic equipment?
integrated circuits
The time required for a capacitor to charge or discharge is dependent on the _____________
in the circuit.
resistance
What is the name for the positive electrode?
anode
A piece of wire designed to melt when current flowing through reaches a certain value is a(n) :
fuse
Amplifying and switching are two popular uses for what solid-state device?
transistor
What is the ability of a battery to deliver power over a given time?
battery rating
What removes unwanted frequency components of an electrical signal?
capacitor
From the schematic diagram shown, determine the current flow through resistor R2. Assume
the circuit is in steady state.
2.5 mA
The ____________ of a diode is the max current that the device can conduct for a partial cycle
of operation.
peak rectified current
_________________ is an electronic component capable of change from response in an
external signal.
active device
Metal conducts electricity better as it becomes :
colder
A(n) _______ coil produces high voltage from a low one.
induction
In logic gates, if one input is on and the other is off, what is the result of a NAND gate?
on
A(n) ______________ is a coil of wire wound around a core of magnetic material.
electromagnet
A quantitative measure of an electric charge is a(n) :
coulombs
Which of the following causes static electricity?
friction
What is the main part of an electrical amplifier?
transistor
An alternate path in a circuit is a(n) :
shunt
A(n) _____________ is a solution of acid and water.
electrolyte
When AC is converted to DC, it is said to be :
rectified
In logic circuits, if one input is on and the other input is off, what is the result of a NOR gate?
off
The property of a circuit that opposes a change in voltage in a circuit is :
capacitance
The production of electricity in a material through the application of pressure is said to be the
:
piezo electric effect
Which of the following laws states that the current in a parallel circuit is equal to the sum of
the current in its branches?
Kirchoff's Current Law of Parallel Circuits
Base, emitter, and collector are the three connections to a(n) :
transistor
Which of the following is a known shield against magnetism?
no know shield exists
Converting energy from one form to another is :
transducing
The basic instrument used to measure AC signal voltages and waves is the :
oscilliscope
What type of semiconductor has an abundance of electrons as carriers?
n-type
What law states that the voltage across all branches of a parallel circuit are equal?
Kirchoff's Voltage Law
A popular way to find an unknown resistance in a circuit is with a(n) :
ohm meter
The working voltage direct current is the voltage at which a(n) __________ can withstand
without destruction to the dielectric.
capacitor
What are the impurities added to semiconductors called?
dopants
Of the following wire sizes, which is the largest?
6 awg
A(n) ___________ is whenever electrons are allowed to return to the source without passing
through the complete circuit.
short circuit
What type of wave represents alternating current?
sine wave
What type of diode is purposely manufactured to operate in the reverse direction?
zener
A popular mathematical equation to solve for current, voltage, and resistance is :
Ohm's law
The _____________ of a conductor is influenced by material type, size, length, and
temperature.
resistance
Which of the following is a rotating machine which converts mechanical energy to electrical
energy?
dynamo
SSI, MSI, LSI, and VLSI are ways of classifying the component density of :
integrated circuits
What is the free movement of electrons in an electric field?
conduction
Low wattage resistors are generally labeled by a(n) :
color codes
From the schematic diagram shown, determine the voltage across resistor R1. Assume that
the circuit is in steady state.
2.5 V
The ________________ replaced the vacuum tube in electrical and electronic devices.
transistor
_____________ is the measure of resistance that relates purely to the properties of the
material.
resistivity
The ________________ is determined by the number of turns of wire, the current in the wire
coil, the core material, and the ratio of the coil diameter to the coil length.
strength of an electromagnet
____________ is equal to 6.24 x 10e18 electrons.
1 Coulomb
In diodes, _______________ is the maximum voltage that can be applied to the diode in the
reverse direction without destroying it.
Peak Inverse Voltage
What is an electrical switch that can be operated either magnetically or electrically?
relay
A relay is an example of a(n) _________ switch.
magnetic
When a person is shocked, the cause of the damage is the :
electric current
The reverse bias voltage at which the conduction suddenly increases in a diode is the :
avalanche voltage
Something in a circuit that uses electric current is a(n) :
load
______________ happens when two coils are close enough to each other that the magnetic
field of one cuts across the windings of the other coil.
mutual induction
Battery ratings are generally measured in :
ampere-hours
ROM that can be erased and programmed as needed is :
EPROM
What is the insulating medium between the parallel plates of a capacitor known as?
dielectric
What is a piece of metal used to carry away heat from an electronic component?
heat sink
The basis behind a transformer is :
mutual induction
Which of the following electronic terms is short for "transfer resistor"?
transistor
What device is used to store an electric charge on two plates parallel to each other?
capacitor
What is the rotating coil in a motor?
armature
Which of the following electrical devices are used for preventing excessive voltages or
currents from overloading circuits?
fuses and circuit breakers
In logic gates, if one input is on and the other is off, what is the result of an AND gate?
off
What part of a bell assembly causes the bell to ring when activated?
electromagnet
In a circuit, there is a load rated at 10 ohms and a battery rated at 5 amps connected in series.
What is the voltage in the circuit?
50 V
What is the typical frequency of AC electricity in the United States?
60 Hz
What is the negative electrode called?
cathode
Which of the following is a variable resistor?
potentiometer
___________________ states that current is the same for all points in a series circuit.
Kirchoff's Current Law for Series Circuits
The total resistance in a parallel circuit ___________ the value of any single resistor in the
circuit.
is less than
A dual in-line package switch is commonly called a(n) _________ switch.
DIP
What is a four part resistor circuit that can measure the resistance of an unknown resistor?
wheatstone bridge
_____________ is a negatively charged ion.
anion
Some programs can reside in RAM and not be used until they are called for by their 'hot-key combination'. These programs can be referred to as:
TSR (Terminal and Stay Resident)
The first type of color graphics system was
CGA (Color Graphics Adapter)
RGB, CMYK, and HSV are common ways to represent:
color
This printing procedure shoots ink droplets onto paper. This is a non-impact printer.
ink jet printing
CAD is an abbreviation for
Computer Aided Design
A microprocessors clock speed is expressed in
MHz (megahertz)
In what decade were CAD systems introduced?
1960s
Compression algorithms can be categorized by two groups. They are:
lossy and lossless
What is the essential software that coordinates the internal workings of a computer?
operation system
___ are the actual disk inside a hard disk drive.
platters
What company started using MCA (Micro Channel Architecture)?
IBM
SRAM stands for :
Static Random Access Memory
What computer language's main purpose is to process business data?
COBOL
What are the two classifications that magnetic storage can be divided into?
disk drives and tape drives
Which of the following microprocessors is not a RISC design?
Pentium
What is the set of rules for every programming language?
syntax
What is a way that multiple people can simultaneously work on a single document and see
each other's changes in real time?
document conferencing
What size was the original floppy disk?
8 inches
What company developed the UNIX operating system?
AT&T Bell Laboratories
In a GUI environment, this object is commonly used to represent a program, command, or
process.
icon
This is an interfacing standard used to communication between graphics applications and
imaging devices such as scanners and slide imagers.
TWAIN
What are the read/write heads on a hard disk called?
sliders
What university can be considered the birthplace of the word 'hackers'?
MIT
How many bytes are in a KB?
1024
What do the letters MB represent in computer memory?
1024 kilobytes
What can be added to enable a computer to work on complex mathematical problems faster?
math coprocessor
Electric Pencil was the first _____________ program for personal computers.
word processor
The __________ is the working part of the program.
body
Which of the following color resolutions produces the most colors? 16.8 million colors are
possible with this type of monitor?
24 bit
There are two types of computer architecture that incorporate more than one processing
element. Which of the following is one of them?
multiprocessor
What year did Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak create the Apple computer?
1978
________________ is an attempt to program a computer to recognize problems to be solved
and to make decisions normally associated with human intellect.
artificial intelligence
What is the way that text will be placed in relation to the page margins?
justification
The network layout for both physical and logical design is known as its :
topology
In 1970 Diablo Systems introduced the ___________ for printing out text.
daisy-wheel printer
What company developed the programming language C?
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Software that is designed to handle specific hardware input and output for a particular
peripheral is a(n) :
drivers
What is another name for a CRT?
monitor
In 1975, the laser printer was introduced by :
IBM
In designing cross-platform applications, the byte ordering (or endianness) must be
considered. For __________ bytes, the least significant bit is first and the most significant bit
is last.
little endian
In a program, what is a sequence of instructions that is repeated a specified number of times?
loop
What is a type of computer memory that bridges the gap between the computer and its input
and output devices?
buffer
What was the first widely-available high-level programming language?
FORTRAN
Which of the following is a printing technique used to print full-page graphics on raster
devices such as a dot matrix printer?
banding
To a programmer, a(n) _____________ is a collection of related object files or declarations that
simplify programming efforts.
library
Douglas Englebart, a computer scientist in Menlo Park, California, in the 1950s and 1960s,
invented the pointing device known as a(n) :
mouse
In 1984, what mouse-based, graphics-oriented computer did Apple introduce?
Macintosh
Of the following devices, which one accesses data the fastest?
RAM disk
What are programs embedded in a microprocessor called?
firmware
Before disks, this was the most widely used medium for storing computer data.
magnetic tape
What company introduced the concept of icons and a graphical user interface?
Xerox
Transmission in one direction at a time is :
half duplex
What type of program will hold the most recently requested information from the hard drive in
RAM?
disk cache
What type of software provides specific instructions and information for a job that is to be
done?
applications
A computer system or network designed using industry standard components and procedures
is known as a(n) :
open system
____________ serial communication occurs when the exact sending and receiving time of
each bit sent is known before transmission and reception.
synchronous
Of the following operating systems, which one does not operate at the 32 bit level?
DOS
Batch files are to MS-DOS as ______________ are to UNIX.
shell scripts
What programming language is best known as the one with the 'turtle' built in?
Logo
In a network, frames are also known as :
packets
In computer programs, a function or variable that references itself is said to be :
recursive
Which of the following methods is used by the computer to provide temporary storage in
memory when differences in data handling rates occur?
buffers
What programming language is the UNIX operating system written in?
C
A technique of using patterns of available colors to simulate the actual color is known as :
dithering
A chip that speeds up video performance by carrying out graphics processing independently
of the CPU is a(n) :
graphics coprocessor
A printer is said to be ___________ when it is ready.
online
What decade was SQL (Structured Query Language) developed by IBM?
1970s
__________ is done by an application when it prints an image by dividing the image into
several bands (slices) sending each band to the printer separately. This method eliminates
the need for one print metafile.
banding
Twisted pair, coaxial, and fiber optics are types of :
cables for computer networks
8 bit color video graphics provides how many colors?
256 colors
The rate of bit misses in data retrieval operations is known as the :
bit error rate
When a transmission is occurring in both directions simultaneously it is :
in full duplex mode
9 pin and 24 pin are the two types of :
dot matrix printers
What computer peripheral converts images on paper into an electrical signal that can be
processed into a file?
scanners
Which of the following was one of the two founders of Apple Computers?
Steve Wozniak
A network covering a large geographical area is a(n) :
WAN (Wide Area Network)
Internal to the microprocessor are groups of circuits used to store information which are
called :
registers
Which of the following input devices is placed against the screen to enter a point?
light pen
Of the following video types, which is 16 bit color video?
XGA
When two data terminals (DTE) exchange pre-set codes to establish a connection, the two are
said to be :
handshaking
Of the following hard disk types, which has the fastest transfer rate?
SCSI
Computer speech comes in two varieties
recorded and : - synthesized
In Intel microprocessor based computers, MCA and EISA are :
32 bit architectures
On a 3.5 inch diskette, what is the part that the disk drive must slide over in order to read the
diskette?
shutter
Which of the following color systems is the most life like?
24 bit
Which of the following printers produces the best output?
laser with PostScript
The output for a laser printer is determined from a collaboration of two basic parts. Which
part determines the printer's typographical features and compatibility with other computers?
controller
In RS-232 serial interfaces, it is the handshake mechanism used to stop the computer from
sending data when the buffer is full or turns it on again when the buffer empties.
flow control
_____________ keeps information in memory after the computer is turned off.
non-volaitile RAM
What is a teleprinter with a keyboard for input called?
teletypewriter
Which of the following is a graphic file format created by CompuServe that works on several
computing platforms?
GIF
A group of sectors on a disk is known as a(n) :
cluster
A programming language meaning "list processor". It was developed in 1958.
Lisp
Examples of _________ printers are ink-jet and laser printers.
non-impact printers
A method used by microprocessors to break an instruction into multiple stages so that the
processor can work on multiple instructions at once.
pipelining
The speed at which data can be written to and read from a storage medium is its :
transfer rate
For hard disks, the amount of time the disk head takes to move from the current track to the
destination track is the disk's :
seek time
In computer telecommunications terminology, DCE stands for :
data communications equipment
The amount of time for a disk to make half a revolution is the :
average latency time
What can be described as a computer on a chip?
micrprocessor
AppleTalk, NetBIOS, IPX/SPX, and TCP/IP are examples of
networking protocols
A(n) ___ monitor can access 4 bit video when it operates at a resolution of 640x480 or less.
VGA
This is a computer encoding scheme designed to support all modern written languages of the world.
UNICODE
On a disk, a multi-sector unit is a(n):
cluster
TIFF is a popular cross-platform ___ file
graphics
A method of having high-speed data transfers between memory and I/O devices without the intervention of the microprocessor is:
direct memory access (DMA)
What document language do World Wide Web clients interpret to create the hypertext documents that make it so popular and easy to use with the Internet?
HTML
What does LAN stand for?
local area network
What high-level programming language was developed for the US Department of Defense?
Ada
A section of memory used to store an image to be displayed on a monitor is a(n)
frame buffer
This data backup method is used to remove files from a primary storage media to an off-line media when the files are no longer required by users.
archive
"Big Blue" is a nickname for what computer company?
IBM
What is the programming language created by Adobe Systems that is used with laser printers to describe the appearance of the page(s) to print?
PostScript
Dot matrix, line, and daisy wheel printers are examples of
impact printers
The federally sponsored program was initiated to encourage computer product manufacturers to create computers, printers, and monitors that reduce power consumption after a period of inactivity.
EPA Energy Star Program
When using floppy disks, what does HD stand for?
high density
What programs enable musicians to record keystrokes played on a synthesizer and then edit their performances in a variety of ways?
sequences
How is a microprocessor's chock rate expressed?
megahertz
Which of the following international computer software industry associations is a strong advocate of anti-piracy of software as well as the protection of intellectual property against copyright infringement?
SPA
___ operating systems are designed to allow users to complete several jobs in the time it took to finish one.
multitasking
What is the noise that occurs adjacent to the connectors at either end of a network cable?
crosstalk
What does LCD stand for?
liquid crystal display
Devices in a computer can get the attention of the microprocessor by causing a(n)
interrupt
What federal organization requires computer hardware o be classified as either Class A or Class B?
FCC
This data compression technique is commonly used with image and sound files because the methods used eliminate part of the data to create smaller files. Though information from the original image is missing, the differences between the decompressed and the original file are difficult to notice.
lossy compression
What is the process by which the data in a file is altered to a form that is unusable by others?
encryption
The device inside a computer provides the internal timer to synchronize events between system components.
clock
WORM is an acronym for:
write once, read many
In late 1978, Software Arts introduced the first spreadsheet software for PCs. What was its name?
VisiCalc
Which of the following best describes the techniques used to produce text in different printers?
font mechanism
Which of the following was one of the co-creators o DOS, the popular operation system for IBM and PC compatibles?
Bill Gates
Electronic mail services are commonly called:
e-mail
V.22, V.32, V.34, and V. 42bis are examples protocol definitions for what computer device:
modems
Which of the following is a way that two or more people can share an electronic workspace to develop or refine ideas using a computer connected to a network.
desktop conferencing
This type of input device is a hand-held control typically used with computer games and other applications requiring a pointing mechanism
joystick
___ is an array of bits, each corresponding to one dot on the page.
bitmap
What is the common language of mainframe, minicomputer, and personal computer database management?
SQL
The bus architecture EISA stands for
Extended Industry Standard Architecture
This visual technology transforms one image to another by creating a sequence of images that dissolve and warp into the destination.
morphing
In imaging technologies, OCR stands for
optical character recognition
___ is any program designed to enter a user's system without their consent or knowledge and interferes with normal operations, whether merely to display a message or to cause the loss of data.
virus
A method of manipulating the information in an image to improve visual quality or to analyze information contained within an image is
image processing
In November 1990, IBM introduced the XGA monitor. What does XGA stand for?
Extended Graphics Array
MIPS, a common speed measurement for computers, stand for
Millions of Instructions Per Second
What kind of program has at least the following applications: word processing, data base, and spreadsheet?
integrated software
What is the concept of having two routes for data: one for the memory to the processor and the other for I/O?
dual bus
Who is credited with the development of the Analytical Engine?
Charles Babbage
The trend for microprocessors is towards RISC design. What does RISC stand for?
Reduced Instruction Set Computer
Most word processing program created since 1992 incorporate ___ features to allow the user to create more complex documents.
desktop publishing
Which of the following is considered the hardest part to design on a portable computer?
keyboard
what kind of input was used for ENIAC?
punched cards
The central point of a network that uses a star topology is a(n):
hub
A trend in the computer software industry is to create ___ software which emphasizes object-based compound documents for increased application interoperability.
component
___ is a personal computer in a network used to run applications and enter data
workstations
In 1949, a Cambridge University team developed the world's first large scale computer designed to store its own programs. What was its name?
EDSAC
These types of computers contain multiple processors (sometimes hundreds or thousands) working together on the same problem.
parallel computers
This technology provides an electronic world which lets a user navigate and view a three-dimensional realm in real time with six degrees of freedom (6DOF).
virtual reality
What is the memory range of erasable optical disks?
500 MB to 1 GB
What was the first computer in the US built for commercial applications?
UNIVAC
In computer telecommunications BBS stands for:
Bulletin Board Systems
What type of program is a task based scheduling tool for planning and tracking the interrelated expenditures of time, resources, and money?
project manager
What is defined as the number of cycles (in millions) that a microchip performs in one second?
clock speed
Where was ENIAC created?
Univ. of Pennsylvania Moore School of Elec. Eng.
Machine language is another name for
binary code
What are the carefully conceived sequences of words, letter, numbers, abbreviated mnemonics, and symbols used to create a sequence of instructions for the computer to execute?
programing languages
What is the memory range of a CD-ROM?
600 MB to 700 MB
Who earned himself the nickname "The Wizard of Chippewa Falls" for his development of supercomputers?
Seymour Cray
In programming, what is a set of instructions used repeatedly and designed to form part of larger segments, or routines, within a program?
subroutine
___ programming languages are ones that approximate human languages and can create more than one instruction with a single statement.
high level
VLBus, ISA, PCI, EISA, and MCA are examples of
bus architectures
What programming language was developed by John Kememy and Thomas Kurtz in Hanover, New Hampshire, and has been a favorite with computer hobbyists ever since?
BASIC
How many bits are in a byte?
8
In its simplest form, a computer has two parts. What are they?
CPU and memory
A(n) ___ is a power conditioning and supply system that affords protection against short-term power outages.
uninterruptable power supply
Pascal was created in the late 1960s in an effort to improve on ALGOL. Who developed the popular computer programming language?
Niklaus Wirth
What kind of error is a 'syntax' error in computer program?
language error
What is a small, fast memory unit that temporarily holds data in transit between the CPU and the main memory?
cache
What does VGA stand for?
Video Graphics Array
In 1965, Ulrich Steinhilpher, an IBM employee in Germany, coined a term for the electronic manipulation of words: Textverarbeitung. Translated to English this means:
word processing
What is the only language a computer understands?
binary code
A(n) ___ converts the Mnemonics of the assembly language directly into binary sequences of machine code.
assembler
What type of computer network can be configured such that each node can act as both a client and a server to the other nodes of the network?
peer-to-peer
___, founded by Finis Conner and Alan Shugart, introduced the first 5.25 inch hard disk drive in 1979. The company still exists today and is one of the major hard disk drive manufacturers in the world.
Seagate Technology
A group of related bytes stored on a magnetic tape is known as a(n)
record
What is the program that converts a high level programming language into machine code?
compilers
What type of memory can be manipulated by a memory management software to look and act like conventional memory for computers using MS-DOS or a compatible operating system?
expanded memory
Vector processing is measured in
megaflops
In what decade was the floppy disk introduced?
1970s
What part of the computer mediates the flow of information into and out of the computer?
port
What part of a 3.5 inch disk is engaged by the disk drive's mechanism in order to rotate the disk?
hub
What part of computer is the internal pathway for information?
bus
Since World War II, virtually all computers have been designed under the concept of the von Neumann computer. What are the three basic parts of a von Neumann computer?
memory, CPU, connecting pathway
What term describes the way that a computer is designed to handle data and perform calculations?
computer architecture
The size of data operations that an 80386, 80486, and 68040 processors compute at is
32 bit
Which of the following is the fastest computer?
supercomputer
A(n) ___ is a step by step plan of action.
algorithm
What is the unique space of each cell on a semiconductor memory chip?
address
What type of port has the bits of information stream in one after another along a single path?
serial
What is the basic unit of semiconductor memory?
cell
What is a graphical representation of the steps of a program?
flow charts