(Tcn)Anatomy & Physiology, Chapt 1

Front 1

THE BASIC UNITS OF THE LIVING SYSTEM?

Back 1

CELLS

Front 2

EACH CELL HAS ITS OUTER BOUNDARY CALLED WHAT?

Back 2

PLASMA MEMBRANE

Front 3

THE PLASMA MEMBRANE IS MADE UP OF WHAT?

Back 3

A BILAYER OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS

Front 4

WHAT MEANS A DOUBLE LAYER?

Back 4

BILAYER

Front 5

PHOSPHOLIPIDS HAVE THEIR HYDROPHOBIC HEADS FACING THE ______ON ONE SIDE AND THE ________ON THE OTHER SIDE?

Back 5

EXTRACELLULAR
CYTOPLASM

Front 6

THE HYDROPHOBIC TAILS OF THE PHOSPHOLIPID POINT TOWARDS?

Back 6

THE INTERIOR OF THE MEMBRANE

Front 7

THE PLASMA MEMBRANE CONTAINS ______EMBEDDED IN IT AND ATTACHED TO ITS SURFACES?

Back 7

MEMBRANE PROTEINS

Front 8

MEMBRANE PROTEINS THAT ARE TIGHTLY ASSOC. WITH THE MEMBRANE AND IN SOME CASES SPAN IT FROM ONE SIDE TO THE OTHER?

Back 8

INTRINSIC PROTEINS

Front 9

MEMBRANE PROTEINS THAT ARE LESS TIGHTLY ATTACHED AND MAY BE REMOVED BY CHEMICAL TX'S THAT DO NOT DISSOLVE THE MEMBRANE?

Back 9

EXTRINSIC PROTEINS

Front 10

STRANDS OF SUGAR MOLECULES THAT ARE ATTACHED TO THE PROTEINS?

Back 10

GLYCOPROTEINS

Front 11

THE MEMBRANE PROTEINS SERVE AS _____FOR DETECTION OF CHEMICAL MESSAGES FROM OTHER CELLS?

Back 11

RECEPTORS

Front 12

MEMBRANE PROTEINS ALSO SERVE AS _____, THAT DETERMINE WHAT GOES INTO AND OUT OF THE CELLS?

Back 12

TRANSPORT PROTEINS

Front 13

_______ ALLOW THE CELLS OF A TISSUE TO RECOGNIZE ONE ANOTHER AND STICK TOGETHER?

Back 13

ADHESION MOLECULES

Front 14

ADHESION MOLECULES ALSO DETERMINE THE ABILITY OF DISSOLVED SUBSTANCES TO ENTER OR LEAVE THE CELL, ESP. SUBSTANCES THAT CARRY AN________?

Back 14

ELECTRICAL CHARGE

Front 15

INTRACELLULAR FLUID?

Back 15

CYTOPLASM

Front 16

CYTOPLASM CONTAINS A NUMBER OF CHARACTERISTIC ________?

Back 16

ORGANELLES

Front 17

WHAT PART OF THE CELL CONTAINS THE (DNA)GENETIC MATERIAL THAT MAKES UP THE GENETIC CODE?

Back 17

NUCLEUS

Front 18

THE NUCLEUS IS BOUND WITH A _____________PENETRATED WITH PORTHOLE LIKE NUCLEAR PORES?

Back 18

DOUBLE BI-LAYER MEMBRANE

Front 19

WHAT IS AN INTERNAL MEMBRANE SYSTEM THAT CONTAINS PROTEINS AND LIPIDS DESTINED FOR VARIOUS METABOLIC FATES W/I THE CELL?

Back 19

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Front 20

PROTEINS AND LIPIDS ARE USED FOR _____TO THE EXTERIOR, OR FOR_____INTO THE PLASMA MEMBRANE?

Back 20

SECRETION
INCORPORATION

Front 21

WHAT ARE RIBOSOMES?

Back 21

MOLECULAR MACHINES COMPOSED OF PROTEINS AND RIBOSOMAL RIBONUCLEIC ACID (rRNA)

Front 22

RIBOSOMES SYNTHESIZE PROTEINS BASED ON CODES DELIVERED TO THEM IN THE FORM OF_______?

Back 22

MESSENGER RNA (mRNA)

Front 23

_________RIBOSOMES SYNTHESIZE PROTEINS DESTINED TO ENTER THE CYTOPLASM?

Back 23

FREE

Front 24

RIBOSOMES ATTACHED TO THE _______SYNTESIZE PROTEINS DESTINED TO BE SECRETED TO THE EXTERIOR OR TO BE INCORPORATED INTO THE PLASMA MEMBRANE?

Back 24

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)

Front 25

_____ARE CLOSELY STACKED SACS OF ER THAT SERVE AS A SORTING STATION FOR PROTEINS SYNTHESIZED BY RIBOSOMES ATTACHED TO THE ER?

Back 25

GOLGI APPARATUS

Front 26

IN THE GOLGI, THESE _____ARE LABELED FOR VARIOUS DESTINATIONS IN THE CELL?

Back 26

PROTEINS

Front 27

______ARE ROD-LIKE STRUCTURES CONSISTING OF A DOUBLE BILAYER MEMBRANE?

Back 27

MITOCHONDRIA

Front 28

MITOCHONDRIA ARE THE SITES OF THE REACTIONS OF _____ _____ _____ WHERE THE ENERGY FROM OXIDATION OF FOODSTUFFS IS APPLIED TO SYNTESIS OF ATP?

Back 28

TERMINAL OXIDATIVE METABOLISM

Front 29

THE GENERAL CHEMICAL ENERGY SOURCE FOR ENERGY REQUIRING CELLULAR PROCESSES?

Back 29

ATP

Front 30

AN ENERGY DEPLETED FORM OF THE SAME MOLECULE IS?

Back 30

ADP

Front 31

THE WHOLE PROCESS OF TURNING ATP INTO ADP IS CALLED WHAT?

Back 31

OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION

Front 32

THE _____ IS THE SCAFOLD OF FILAMENTS W/I THE CYTOPLASM THAT ALLOW THE CELL TO MAINTAIN A FORM AND TO MOVE?

Back 32

CYTOSKELETON

Front 33

THERE ARE 3 BASIC TYPES OF FILAMENTS THAT MAKE UP THE CYTOSKELETON?

Back 33

MICROFILAMENTS
INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS
MICROTUBULES

Front 34

_____IS A PROCESS IN WHICH CELLS ACQUIRE SPECIFIC CELLULAR STRUCTURES AND BECOME SPECIALIZED TO PERFORM SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS?

Back 34

DIFFERENTIATION

Front 35

_____CONSISTS OF DIFFERENTIATED CELLS THAT SHARE SIMILIAR STRUCTURES AND COOPERATE TO PERFORM A COMMON FUNCTION?

Back 35

TISSUES

Front 36

IN EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT, THE UNSPECIALIZED CELLS OF THE EMBRYO SEPARATE INOT 3 LAYERS?

Back 36

ECTODERM
ENDODERM
MESODERM

Front 37

LAYER THAT LIES OUTERMOST?

Back 37

ECTODERM

Front 38

LAYER THAT LIES INTERMOST?

Back 38

ENDODERM

Front 39

LAYER THAT LIES BETWEEN THE ECTODERM AND ENDODERM?

Back 39

MESODERM

Front 40

IN SUBSEQUENT DEVELOPMENT THESE LAYERS GIVE RISE TO THE 4 SPECIFIC TISSUE TYPES?

Back 40

NERVOUS TISSUE
EPITHELIAL TISSUE
MUSCLE TISSUE
CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Front 41

NERVOUS TISSUE AND EPITHELIAL TISSUE COMES FROM WHAT LAYERS OF EMBRYONIC TISSUE?

Back 41

ECTODERM AND ENDODERM

Front 42

MUSCLE TISSUE AND CONNECTIVE TISSUE COME FROM WHAT LAYERS OF EMBRYONIC TISSUE?

Back 42

MESODERM

Front 43

CELL DIVISION IS CALLED WHAT?

Back 43

MITOSIS

Front 44

REGENERATION OF NEW DIFFERENTIATED CELLS REQUIRES THE PRESCENSE OF A POPULATION OF UNDIFFERENTIATED _____ _____ W/I THE TISSUE?

Back 44

STEM CELLS

Front 45

________TISSUE IS SPECIALIZED FOR PROCESSING INFO. FROM THE EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR OF THE BODY & REGULATING THE FUNCTION OF MANY BODY SYSTEMS?

Back 45

NERVOUS TISSUE

Front 46

NERVOUS TISSUE CAN BE DIVIDED INTO ______WHICH GENERATE & CONDUCT ELECTRICAL IMPULSES & COMMUNICATE WITH OTHER CELLS BY WAY OF CHEMICAL MESSAGES?

Back 46

NEURONS

Front 47

THAT WHICH SUPPORTS THE NEURONS AND MAINTAINS A FAVORABLE ENVIRONMENT FOR THEIR FUNCTIONS?

Back 47

GLIA