Tchs Sophomore Western Civ Ch 6 Tes

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Member of the landholding upper class

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patrician

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Government with officials chosen by the people

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republic

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Ruler with complete governmental control

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dictator

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People elected to supervise the business of government and command armies

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consul

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The majority of the population made up of farmers, merchants, artisans, and traders

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plebian

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3 Geographical aspects that made it easier to unify Italy

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1) no small, isolated valleys
2) broad, fertile plains for settlements
3) Apennine Mountains were not very rugged

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3 ways how Rome treated the people it conquered

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1) Some were granted full Roman citizenship
2) There were often allowed to keep their own customs and local government
3) They were forced to pay taxes and acknowledge Roman leadership

Front 8

A Roman god similar to the all-powerful Greek god Zeus was...

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Jupiter

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What did Rome do to protect its conquests?

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Built roads and posted soldiers.

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Site of Roman chariot races

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Circus Maximus

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Defeated Mark Antony to become princeps, or first citizen

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Augustus

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Time of peace and unity under Roman rule

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Pax Romana

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Brought Gaul under Roman control

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Julius Caesar

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Built Roman defenses in Britian

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Hadrian

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As it expanded, Rome was beset by social and economic troubles caused partly by

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the widening gap between the rich and poor

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Julius Caesar brought civil war to Rome by

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defying the senate and bringing his army across the Rubicon

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Augustus laid the foundation for a stable government by

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creating a well-trained civil service to enforce the laws

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The 200-year period when peace, order, and prosperity flourished is known as the

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Pax Romana

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Results of the Third Punic war?

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1) some survivors of the war in Carthage were killed
2) some survivors were enslaved
3) the earth in Carthage was salted so nothing would grow there

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Domed temple to all the Roman gods

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Panthenon

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Portrayed Rome's heroic past in the Aeneid

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Virgil

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System of law that applied to citizens

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civil law

Front 23

His history of Rome sought to rouse patriotic feelings

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Livy

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Structures the carried water into cities

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aqueduct

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Why did Virgil write about Rome's heroic past in the Aeneid?

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to arouse patriotism

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About what themes did the historian Livy write?

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the heroic images of Rome's past

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What characterized Roman architecture?

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Romans emphasized grandeur and built mighty monuments.

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How did Romans supply their cities with water?

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Roman engineers built cities on the banks of rivers.

Front 29

Which of the following is not one of the common basic principles of law developed by the Romans?

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A person must be tried before a jury of peers.

Front 30

Paul became a ____ when he died for his beliefs.

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martyr

Front 31

An anointed King sent by God is called a _____.

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messiah

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A ____ is an honorary title for a bishop with more authority.

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patriarch

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Priests were under the authority of a _____.

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bishop

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A belief contrary to official Church teachings is known as _____.

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heresy

Front 35

What, according to Jesus, was his mission?

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to bring spiritual salvation and eternal life to anyone who believed in him

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How did Christianity grow from a sect of Judaism into a world religion?

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Christianity spread through the work of missionaries like Paul.

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What was the Roman attitude toward Christianity?

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They persecuted Christians.

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Roles women played in the spread of Christianity?

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1) They served as teachers
2) They supported Christian communities
3) They won converts to Christianity

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What ended the persecution of Christians?

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Constantine's Edict of Milan

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Nomads who swept across Central Asia

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Huns

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Built a new capital in the eastern Roman empire

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Constantine

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Germanic people who sought safety in Roman territory

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Visigoths

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Divided the Roman empire into two parts

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Diocletian

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Foreign soldier serving for pay

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mercenary

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The Pax Romana came to an end when Rome was plunged into a time of

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political, economic, and social turmoil

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By building a new capital in the eastern Roman empire, Constantine

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shifted the center of Roman power, leaving the western portion to decline

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Visigoths and other Germanic peoples first crossed into Roman territory to

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escape from advancing Huns

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Factors that contributed to the fall of Rome

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1) The division of the empire into two sections
2) The lack of discipline and training in the Roman army
3) the growth of corruption in the government

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The "fall of Rome" was

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not a singular event, but a long process of change