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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where does the citric acid cycle occur? |
The matrix of the mitochondrion |
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What high energy molecules do you produce during the Citric Acid cycle(including ? |
2 ATPs, 8 NADHs, and 2 FADH2 |
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What enzyme catalyzes the linker reaction between glycolysis and the TCA cycle? |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) |
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What are two side products of the linker reaction? |
1 NADH and 1 CO2 per pyruvate molecule |
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Where does the oxygen used in forming CO2 come from? |
The oxygen is not atmospheric. It comes from the molecules used in the reactions. |
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Which complex in the ETC forms FADH2? What complex does FADH2 give its electrons to? |
1. Complex 2 2. Complex Q |
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H+ is pumped into what part of the mitochondria during the ETC? |
Intermembrane Space (So pH is lower in the intermembrane space) |
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What enzyme produces ATP as H+ moved down its concentration gradient? What enzyme produces that gradient in the first place? |
1. ATP Synthase 2. Proton Pump |
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What are the 3 components of the ATP synthase enzyme? |
The rotor, the knob, and the rod. The rotor and the rod rotate in response to the current created by H+ |
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Products of TCA cycle in order: |
Can I Keep Selling Sex For Money, Officer? Citrate, Isocitrate, alpha-Ketoglutarate, Succinyl CoA, Succinate, Fumarate, Malate, Oxaloacetate |
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Enzymes of TCA in order: |
Actors Are Incapable of Keeping Secret Stuff From Me Citrate Synthase, Aconitase, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase, Alpha-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase, Succinyl Thiokinase, Succinate Dehydrogenase, Fumarase, Malate Dehydrogenase |
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At the end of the ETC, what compound is created by the reduction of the hydrogen ions? |
H2O as the 2 electrons combine with the protons and oxygen. |
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How many protons are required to diffuse back into the mitochondrial matrix in order to create 1 ATP? |
4 H+ |
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What are 5 necessary coenzymes of the TCA cycle? |
NAD, FAD, Acetyl CoA, thiamine, lipoate |
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Each coenzyme assists an enzyme in reactions of the TCA cycle. Which enzymes does each coenzyme correspond to? |
NAD- Isocitrate Dehydrogenase and Malate Dehydrogenase FAD- Succinate Dehydrogenase and alpha Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex Acetyl CoA- Citrate Synthase Thiamin, Lipoate, and FAD- alpha-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex |
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NAD+ is reduced by what kind of molecule? |
H- (hydride molecule: pair of e-) |
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What are the two major molecules feed the information of the rate of ATP utilization? |
ATP/ADP levels, NADH/NAD+ |
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Citrate synthase is regulated by what two |
Malate- OAA equilibrium favors malate. OAA- |
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What is the rate limiting step of the TCA cycle? What is it regulated by? |
The rate limiting step of the TCA cycle is Isocitrate dehydrogenase(IDH). It is allosterically regulated by ADP and NADH. It is positively regulated by ADP and negatively regulated by NADH. |
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Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is regulated by what two compounds? |
It is inhibited by NADH. It is positively regulated by Ca 2+. |
