Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Nine Principles of War
|
M- Mass
O- Objective O- Offensive S- Security E- Economy of Forces M- Maneuver U- Unity of Command S- Surprise S- Simplicity |
|
|
Purposes of the Offense
|
-Destroy enemy forces, equipment and resources
-Disrupt enemy actions or preparations -Deceive and divert the enemy -Deprive the enemy of terrain relevant to his objective -Fix the enemy in place -Gain information on the enemy |
|
|
Types of Offensive operations
|
4 general types:
-Movement to contact -Attack -Exploitation -Pursuit |
|
|
Movement to Contact
|
Movement to contact is an offensive operation to establish or regain contact with the enemy
|
|
|
Purpose of an attack
|
Defeat, destroy or neutralize the en.
An attack emphasizes maximum application of combat power, coupled with: -Bold Maneuver -Shock effect in the assault -Prompt exploitation of success |
|
|
8 types of attacks
|
-Hasty- preparation time is traded for speed to exploit opportunity
-Deliberate- preplanned, coordinated employment of firepower and maneuver to close with and dest the en. Requires thorough recon of en -Spoiling-mounted from def pos to disrupt expected en attack. Strike the en when most vulnerable. -Counter Atk-Conducted with reserve or uncommitted unit -Feint- Divert or distract the en attention away from the main effort. involves physical contact with the en -Recon in force- deliberate atk to locate and test en reactions, disposition and strength. -Raid-Small scale off op, involves penetrating hostile territory for a specific purpose. -Demonstration-Deceive and confuse the en, does not make contact w/ en |
|
|
Exploitation
|
Following an attack designed to disorganize the en in depth
|
|
|
Pursuit
|
Catch or cut off and destroy the en attempting to escape
|
|
|
Purpose of the Def
|
-To force the en to reach his culminating point w/o achieving his objectives
-To rapidly gain and maintain the initiative for friendly forces -To create opportunity to shift to the offense |
|
|
Types of Def operations
|
-Position def
-Mobile Def |
|
|
Position Def
|
Focuses on the retention of terrain by absorbing the en in an interlocking series of pos and dst him largely by fires.
|
|
|
Mobile Def
|
Def of an area in which maneuver is used together with fire and terrain to seize the initiative from the en.
|
|
|
Def operations may be conducted to:
|
-Gain Time
-Retain Key Terrain or deny a vital area to the en -Counter surprise action by the en -Economize force allowing combat power to be concentrated elsewhere -Increase en vulnerability by forcing him to concentrate his forces -attrite or fix en as prelude to off ops -prepare to resume the off |
|
|
Battle Position
|
A def position oriented on the most likely en avenue of approach from which the unit may defend or attack.
Linear in nature |
|
|
Strong Point
|
A fortified def pos designed to deny the en certain terrain as well as the use of an avenue of approach. it may be occupied for an extended period of time. Organized all around def and should have sufficient supplies and ammunition to cont the fight.
|
|
|
Perimeter
|
Oriented in all directions, used to accomplish a specific mission such as defend friendly infastructor
|
|
|
Reverse-Slope
|
Is any slope which descends away from the en. Organized so that the main def pos are masked from en observation and direct fire
|
|
|
Def Sequence of Events
|
1. Identify all likely en avenues of approach
2. Determine likely en schemes of maneuver 3. Determine where to kill the en 4. Emplace wpns systems 5. Plan and integrate obstacles 6. Plan and integrate IDF |
|
|
FPF Fires Target Dimensions
|
Final Protective Fires Indirect Target Dimensions
Weapon Unit Width of FPF (ECR) Length of FPF (# of tubes X ECR) 60mm Mortar Squad 30 meters 30 meters 60mm Mortar Section 30 meters 90 meters 81mm Mortar Squad 35 meters 35 meters 81mm Mortar Section 35 meters 140 meters 81mm Mortar Platoon 35 meters 280 meters 155mm Howitzer Battery 50 meters 300 meters |
|
|
Two categories of obstacles
|
Existing- Include natural and cultural obstacles
Reinforcing- include mines, wire, early warning, ditches, log cribs |
|
|
Wire obstacles 3 categories
|
Protective- Protect friendly fighting pos. designed to disrupt en final aslt
Tactical- constructed to achieve desired obstacles effect for a given engagement area Supplementary-designed to conceal tactical wire obstacles. prevent the en from determining the plt commanders desired obstacles effects |
|
|
Types of Positions in the Def
|
Primary- Best available pos for individual or crew served to accomplish the mission
Alternate- Are located so individuals can continue to accomplish the assigned mission when the primary position becomes untenable or unsuited for carrying out the mission. Supplementary- prepared to guard against attack from directions other that those from which the main attack is expected such as flanks |
|
|
Number one priority for def leaders recon
|
Identify/confirm the engagement area where the plt commanders plans on killing the en.
|
|
|
3 types of occupation methods for the defense
|
-Crows foot
-Bent L -Combination |
|
|
Security Plan
|
Alert status: what percentage is manning their wpns
Stand-To: all marines are fully equipped and ready to engage usually 30 min prior and after dusk and dawn LP/OP: Add depth to the def Patrols: Sent out to gather information or carrying out destructive, harassing, mopping up or security missions against the en. |
|
|
Fire Plan Sketch
|
Is a to-scale, graphic representation of the def pos that is used by the commander to visualize and coordinate the effects of his engagement area to prevent gaps in his fires.
|
|
|
Decisive contact
|
-Gain and maintain en contact
-Disrupt the en -Fix the en -Maneuver -Finishing |
|
|
Purpose of night atk
|
-Take advantage of our NVD against the majority of our potential en.
-achieve surprise -psychological advantage |
|
|
Illumination planning considerations
|
Illumination Planning Considerations
WEAPON Projectile Burn Time Effective Illum Diameter (spread) (M) Rate of Desent (M/Sec) 155mm M485A2 Burn Time 120 Effective Illum 1000 Rate of Desent 5 81mm M301A3 60 500 6 60mm M721 40 500 6 40mm M583A1 40 200 7 |
|
|
What is PLD
|
-Similar to aslt pos
-used under limited visibility conditions -perpendicular to the direction of attack -final deployment of troops |
|
|
Marking
|
Mark key leaders:
- cat eyes - illum tape - engineer tape - ir strobes - chem lights Marking terrain |
|
|
IED
|
device placed or fabricated in an improvised manner incorporating destructive, lethal, noxious, pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals and designed to destroy, incapacitate, harass, or distract.
|
|
|
Booby Trap
|
An explosive or non-explosive device or other material deliberately placed to cause causalities when an apparently harmless object is disturbed or a normally safe act is performed.
|
|
|
Mine
|
An explosive or material, normally encased designed to destroy or damage ground vehicles, boats or aircraft or designed to wound, kill or otherwise incapacitate personnel. it may be detonated by the action of its victim by the passage of time or by controlled means.
|
|
|
Components of an IED
|
Main Charge
Initiating system Casing |
|
|
Initiation Methods
|
Time
Command Victim |
|
|
Common IED emplacement
|
-Previous IED sites
-Frequently traveled, predictable routes -Boundary turnaround points -Roadway shoulders -Medians, roadsides, or buried under the surface of any type of road -Trees, light posts, signs, overpasses, bridges -unattended vehicles, trucks, cars, carts, motorcycles |
|
|
IED attack prep, prevention and effects reduction
|
Predict
Detect Prevent Avoid activities Neutralize Protect |
|
|
IED defeat Framework
|
-Proactive elemtns are actions taken by friendly forces to predict, detect, prevent, avoid, neutralize and protect.
-Reactive elements are actions taken by friendly forces |
|
|
Prevent IED emplacement
|
Most effective way to enhance your security in relation to IED threat is to deny the en the opportunity to emplace the IED
|
|
|
IED found before detonation:
Five C's |
Confirm
Clear Cordon Check Control |
|
|
Mission of Engineering
|
Mobility Operations: Mobility is the quality or capability of forces that permits them to move from place to place while retaining the ability to fulfill their primary mission
Counter-Mobility: counter mobility is the reinforcement of the terrain through the construction of obstacles to disrupt, delay or destroy the en. -Slow or divert the en - Increase time for target acquisition - Wpn effectiveness w/p impairment to the movement of friendly forces Survivability operations: survivability s the ability of personnel, equipment and facilities to continue to operate within the wide range of conditions faced in a hostile enviroment General Engineer: combat service support is characterized by: -High standards of design and construction -detailed planning and prep -normally serves the whole MAGTF |
|
|
Combat Engineer Employment in the Defense
|
-Impede mobility of the En
-Field Fortification -Provide general engineering tasks to amplify sustainability of supported unit |
|
|
Employment Principles of Reinforcing Obstacles
|
"FOCDPIG"
-Covered by Fire -Observed -Concealed and employed for surprise -Employed in Depth -Protected -Integrated -Non-Geometric |
|
|
Tactical Obstacles specific tasks
|
Disrupt
Turn Fix Block |
|
|
Conventional mine fields can be:
|
-Protective- Defending
-Tactical- affect the en ability to maneuver -Phony- give the signature of real minefields to deceive the en -Nuisance- impose caution on en forces and disrupt, delay and sometimes dst follow-on echelons |
|
|
General Capabilities
|
Speed
Increased Mobility Efficiency Increased Lethality |
|
|
Role of engineers in Off Ops
|
-Ensure uninterrupted mvmt of friendly forces
-Provide Flexibility to supported maneuver unit -Degrade en ability to maneuver |
|
|
Mobility in the off
|
-Engineer recon
-Expedient/hasty road repair -River crossings -Construction of LZ -Construction and maintenance of expedient airfields -Obstacle breaching |
|
|
Breaching Tenets
|
-Intelligence
-Breaching Fundamentals -Breaching tactics -Mass -Synchronization |
|
|
Breaching Fundamentals
|
SOSR/R
Suppress Obscure Secure Reduce Resupply |
|
|
Breaching Tactics
|
Support Force
Breach Force Assault Force |
|
|
Breaching Operations
|
In-stride Breach
Deliberate Breach |
|
|
Mission of convoy endstate
|
-Intelligence collection
-Route Clearing -Snap Vehicle Checkpoints |
|
|
7 Ton
|
Carries: 17 Troops including Machine gunner
|
|
|
UpArmor HMMWV
|
Carries 5 including MG
|
|
|
Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP)
|
Carries: 6 in the 4x4 variant
10 in the 6x6 variant |
|
|
Key Personnel
|
Convoy Commander
Assistant Convoy Commander Lead Security unit leader Main Body Security unit leader Rear Security unit leader Vehicle Commanders Gunners Drivers |
|
|
M240B Characteristics
|
Belt-fed, air-cooled, gas operated, fully automatic machine gun that fires from the open bolt position
|
|
|
Where is the M240B Found
|
Machine gun section of the weapons plt of every rifle company in the MC.
|
|
|
How many guns are in each section?
|
6
|
|
|
How many Squads in each section
|
3
|
|
|
How many M240B in each squad
|
2
|
|
|
M240B:
Sustained Rate Rapid Rate Cyclic Rate |
Sustained: 100 Rpm
Rapid: 200 Rpm Cyclic: 650 Rpm |
|
|
M240B:
Maximum Range Effective Range Grazing Fire |
Maximum range: 3725 m
Effective Range: 1800 m Grazing Fire: 600 m |
|
|
Cycle of operations for M240B
|
Feeding
Chambering Locking Firing Unlocking Extracting Ejecting Cocking |
|
|
Ammunition M240B
|
M172 Dummy: Training
M82 Blank: Simulated firing M80 Ball M62 Tracer: Orange tip M61/M993: Black tip Armor piercing |
|
|
Tripod for M240B
|
M122
|
|
|
Guide for changing barrel M240B
|
Sustained rate for 10 min
rapid for 2 min |
|
|
Cone of Fire
|
Pattern of the rounds fired is always 2 mils wide. Can vary from 600 m to 1800 m due to the factor of what 2 mils is at that distance
|
|
|
Beaten Zone
|
Elliptical pattern formed by the impact of the rounds.
|
|
|
M2 Charecteristics
|
Belt-fed, recoil-operated, air-cooled, crew-served MG
|
|
|
Capablities
|
Single shot as well as fully automatic fire and operates on the short recoil principle. Capable of feeding from either the right of left. Weapon has a non fixed headspace that must be set. Timing must also be adjusted to prevent it from firing out of battery
|
|
|
M2 Rates of Fire
|
Sustained: 40 RPM
Rapid: 40 or more RPM Cyclic: 450-550 RPM |
|
|
Range
|
Maximum: 7400 m
Maximum Effective: 1830 m Grazing Fire: 700 m |
|
|
Tripod of M2
|
M3
|
|
|
What Must you do before you disassemble the M2
|
Clear the weapon
|
|
|
What is the sustained rate of fire for the M2
|
Less than 40 Rpm
|
|
|
What is condition 1 for the M2
|
Rounds on feed tray, feed tray cover closed, bolt forward, round on bolt face weapon on safe
|
|
|
In what position should the bolt be to unscrew the barrel?
|
Lug on the barrel locking spring aligned with 3/8in hole on right sideplate
|
|
|
What is condition 3 for the M2
|
Bolt forward, rounds on feed tray, feed tray cover closed, no round on bolt face, weapon on fire
|
|
|
When checking head space and timing, what must be done first?
|
Headspace
|
|
|
When checking timing, which gauge is used first?
|
No-Fire
|
|
|
Must the M2 be cocked to check timing
|
Yes
|
|
|
If you have a failure to fire, how can you prevent a cook off from occurring?
|
By applying immediate action within 10 secs
|
|
|
How many mils of traverse are there on the traversing bar
|
800mils
|
|
|
Which Tripod is used with the M2
|
M3
|
|
|
What is the maximum effective range of the M2
|
1830 m
|
|
|
It is okay to allow the bolt to slam forward when the barrel is out of the gun?
|
False
|
|
|
The M2 must be cocked in order to check headspace
|
True
|
|
|
If the no-go end of the headspace gauge enters the T-slot, headspace is too tight?
|
False
|
|
|
The cover should never be closed with the bolt to the rear
|
True
|
|
|
MK19 Description
|
Belt-Fed, air cooled, blow back operated, crew-served, fully automatic 40 mm grenade launcher.
|
|
|
How many MK19 in a MG platoon?
|
6
|
|
|
How many MK19 sections are in a platoon?
|
2
|
|
|
How many MK19 per section?
|
3
|
|
|
Rates of Fire MK19?
|
Sustained: 40 RPM
Rapid: 60 RPM Cyclic: 325 to 375 RPM |
|
|
Ranges MK19
|
Maximum: 2212 m
Maximum Effective (area Target) 2212 M Maximum Effective (point target) 1500 m Minimum Safe Distance (Training) 310 M Minimum Safe Distance (combat) 75 M |
|
|
MK19 Cycle of operations
|
Feeding
Chambering Firing Extracting Ejecting Cocking |
|
|
What must you do first before you disassemble the MK19
|
Clear the weapon
|
|
|
What is the sustained rate of fire for the MK19
|
40 RPM
|
|
|
Where is the weapon safety located
|
on the sear assembly at the bottom rear of the receiver assembly
|
|
|
What is condition 1 for the MK19
|
Rounds inserted all the way to the round positioning block.
bolt to the rear round on the face of the bolt weapon on safe |
|
|
When closing the top cover in what position must the feed slide assembly be and in what position must the bolt be to ensure proper alignment of the primary and secondary drive levers?
|
Left: forward
|
|
|
How much armor plating, in inches is the weapon capable of penetrating when firing at zero degree obliquity?
|
2
|
|
|
within how many meters mus the 40 mm HE round impact to cause casualties to exposed enemy personnel
|
15
|
|
|
To stop a runaway weapon, what steps must be taken?
|
Unlock and lower one charging handle while keeping control of the weapon
|
|
|
What is condition 3 for the Mk19
|
Rounds inserted past the primary feed pawl, bolt forward, no rounds on its face, weapon on safe
|
|
|
If a stoppage occurs, how long must you wait before pulling the bolt to the rear?
|
10 secs
|
|
|
How many rounds per burst should the gunner fire when engaging targets at the sustained rate?
|
3 to 5
|
|
|
What is the maximum effective range of the MK19
|
1500 m
|
|
|
Which Tripod is used with the MK19
|
M3
|
|
|
When loading the wpn place the female link end of the ammo belt through the feed throat and draw the ammo into the wpn feed area
|
True
|
|
|
The MK64, MOD 7 gun cradle is used with the tripod and ring mounts
|
True
|
